3D打印技术在空间站梦天实验舱上的应用

面对梦天实验舱次结构减重需求，提出了面向3D打印技术的次结构拓扑优化设计的方法，完成并掌握了3D打印次结构从设计、工艺、制造、检验等全周期的研制流程。在梦天实验舱发射载荷条件下，通过结构有限元分析及试验验证，对3D打印次结构性能进行了考核。结果表明:在具有一定强度和刚度裕度的前提下，支架减重效果较为明显，面向3D打印技术的次结构拓扑优化设计的方法具有广阔的工程应用前景。     

Investigation of anode shaping process during co-rotating electrochemical machining of convex structure on inner surface

A novel co-rotating electrochemical machining method is proposed for fabricating convex structures on the inner surface of a revolving part. The electrodes motion and material removal method of co-rotating electrochemical machining are different from traditional electrochemical machining. An equivalent kinematic model is established to analyze the novel electrodes motion,since the anode and cathode rotate in the same direction while the cathode simultaneously feeds along the line of centres. Acc...     

低密度镁锂合金性能强化与精密成形技术

针对轻质高强和近成形复杂结构的技术要求，提出一种基于低密度镁锂合金薄壁筒形件的等温超塑性双向挤压近净成形方法，研究了铸态成形性能、铸态和轧制态在不同温度下的力学性能变化规律。研究结果表明，铸态下延伸率约12%，抗拉强度约145 MPa，轧制态下延伸率变化不大，但抗拉强度提升到180 MPa以上。采用本论文方法镁锂合金的延伸率和抗拉强度显著提高，分别达到21%和216 MPa，表明高温大变形过程中，实现了晶粒细化，大量增强相弥散在晶粒内部，起到性能强化作用，成功实现其性能强化和复杂结构件的精密成形。     

超高强韧稀土镁合金直筒段锻造成形工艺

基于航天型号对超高强韧稀土镁合金构件产品的迫切需求，本文以航天器中的直筒段产品为研究对象，采用近等温锻造挤压成形工艺技术，开展VW84M高强韧稀土镁合金材料的锻造工艺性能研究，分析了直筒段的工艺结构特点，制定了直筒段的锻造成形工艺，通过三维建模、数值模拟技术和成形工艺试验，研究了直筒段的成形过程，分析了坯料的金属流动、温度变化特点，并通过成形工艺试验试制出锻件产品。结果表明，VW84M稀土镁合金在440 ℃的锻造温度时，在合适的挤压速度下具备良好的塑性成形性能，该材料具备实际工程应用能力；数值模拟得到的挤压载荷为64.72 MN，实际挤压载荷为60 MN，相差7.8 %，数值模拟结果与工程试验有较高的结合度；工艺试验得到的直筒锻产品，切、轴向力学性能指标优于预期，抗拉强度不小于340 MPa、屈服强度不小于210 MPa、延伸率不小于6 %的指标值。直筒段产品金属流线分布较为均匀，切向力学性能优于轴向。     

Non-isothermal creep age forming of Al-Cu-Li alloy: Experiment and modelling

Non-isothermal Creep Age Forming (CAF), including loading, heating, holding, cooling and springback stages, is an advanced forming technique for manufacturing high performance large integral panels at short production period and low cost. However, the creep deformation and aging precipitation during heating stage is often neglected in experiments and modeling, leading to low forming precision. To achieve shape forming and property tailoring simultaneously, a deep understanding of the non-isothermal creep aging behavior and the establishment of predictive models are urgently required. A new five-stage creep feature of Al-Cu-Li alloy during the non-isothermal creep aging is observed. The microstructural interactions between the dislocations, solute atoms, Guinier Preston zones (GP zones) and T₁ precipitates are found to dominate the five-stage creep aging behavior. The physical-based model considering temperature evolution history is established to describe the five-stage creep feature. The springback and yield strength of non-isothermal creep age formed plates with different thicknesses are predicted and compared by non-isothermal CAF experiments and corresponding simulations. The CAF experiments show that the springback and yield strength of the non-isothermal creep age formed plate are 62.1% and 506 MPa, respectively. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental results. The proposed model broadens the application of traditional CAF models that mainly focus on isothermal conditions.     

铝锂合金曲面件超低温成形工艺

针对铝锂合金室温成形性差和热成形性能弱化的难题,利用发现的超低温下伸长率与硬化指数同时提高的双增效应,提出铝锂合金曲面件超低温成形新工艺。通过2195铝锂合金板材在不同温度和热处理状态下的超低温变形行为研究,确定发生双增效应的临界温度为低于-140℃,伸长率可提高至40%以上、硬化指数达到0.44;利用建立的超低温成形工艺实验装置,首次试制出直径200 mm的2195铝锂合金球底曲面件,深径比达到0.55、成形极限提高104%;阐明超低温成形试件壁厚分布规律与回弹规律,最大减薄率为10.3%。     

基于数字多波束星载多通道VDES设计

阐述了甚高频数据交换系统(VDES)系统产生背景,针对目前普遍存在的系统通信速率受限以及自动识别系统(AIS)时隙冲突问题,提出一种全双工射频通信频段设计方法和时隙冲突解决途径。通过采用多个射频通道以及多个波束合成,利用阵列天线和数字波束合成(DBF)技术,将卫星大覆盖范围划分为多个相互独立区域,缩小单个天线波束视场覆盖范围,减少单波束范围内船舶数量,能有效降低AIS信号时隙冲突。以600 km卫星轨道为例,介绍了8通道及8个波束DBF设计方法,对波束视场和天线增益等进行了仿真计算。结果表明:多波束可覆盖±42°视场角范围,单波束视场角最大为±14°。