基于可靠性分析的立方星网络维护架构优化

立方星编队或星座构成分布式空间传感器网络，可提高立方星执行复杂空间任务的能力。然而立方星易发生故障，其故障时间不确定性也导致了传感器网络性能的不稳定，这凸显了对立方星网络进行在轨维护的重要性。考虑立方星传感器网络的功能维持问题，描述了一种网络维护架构，通过定期发射、在轨备份立方星以及时更换故障立方星，从而提高网络对单星随机失效事件的快速响应与恢复能力。建立了该架构的运行成本模型，包括固定成本、储存成本和短缺成本。收集整理了真实的立方星寿命数据，并使用最大化拟合优度参数估计方法得到最优立方星寿命的随机模型。采用基于蒙特卡罗仿真的遗传算法优化备用立方星的补给时刻和补给数量，在备份成本与系统性能下降所带来的损失之间进行权衡，使得系统的综合收益最优。     

Variations of geomagnetic cutoff rigidity in the southern hemisphere close to 70°W (South-Atlantic Anomaly and Antarctic zones) in the period 1975–2010

We report the existence of rapid variations in (effective) geomagnetic cutoff rigidity (Rc) between the equatorial and Antarctic zones adjacent to the Andes Mountains, revealed by the variation rate of geomagnetic cutoff rigidity (VRc) in the period 1975–2010. Our analysis is based on empirical records and theoretical models of the variations in cosmic rays and on the structure of geomagnetic fields. These have given us a different view of variations in Rc in time and space along the 70°W meridian, where secular variations in the geomagnetic field are strongly influenced by the proximity of the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA), one of the most important characteristics of the terrestrial magnetic field that affects our planet, close from the equator to the 50°S parallel and from South America to South Africa. The VRc presents rapid changes in mid-latitudes where SAMA exerts its influence despite the existence of smooth changes in the geomagnetic field. This shows that these changes occur mainly in the spatial configuration, rather than in the temporal evolution of Rc. The analysis was performed using measurements from the Chilean Network of Cosmic Rays and Geomagnetism Observatories, equipped with BF-3 and latest generation He-3 neutron monitors, Fluxgate magnetometers, geomagnetic reference field (IGRF) and Tsyganenko 2001 model (just for completeness).     

An optimal selection of probability distribution functions for unsupervised land cover classification of PALSAR-2 data

Different types of classification techniques are available in the literature for the classification of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data into various land cover classes. Various SAR images are available for land cover classification such as ALOS PALSAR (PALSAR-1, PALSAR-2), RADARSAT and ENVISAT. In this paper, we have attempted to explore probability distribution function (pdf) based land cover classification using PALSAR-2 data. Over 20 different statistical distribution functions are analyzed for different classes based on statistical parameters. Probability distribution functions are selected based on Chi-squared goodness of fit test for each individual class. A decision tree based classifier is developed for classification based on the selected pdf functions and its statistical parameters. The proposed classification approach has an accuracy of 83.93%.     

基于多步裁定法评估编队超视距空战效能

提出了评估编队歼击机超视距空战效能的多步裁定法。用损失交换比和剩余飞机数量作为效能指标,将最优火力分配与空空反导弹引入到多步裁定模型中。考虑了电子对抗与飞机生存力,计算了歼击机领先发射概率、空空导弹击毁概率和发射次数。算例表明,领先发射一方超视距空战效能通常较高,滞后发射一方若采用最优火力分配、空空反导弹、电子对抗及提高飞机生存力等措施也可提高超视距空战效能。此模型计算简便,合理有效。     

舰载倾转旋翼机着舰域耦合流场数值模拟研究

倾转旋翼机是当前旋翼飞行器研究的热点,但有关舰载倾转旋翼机着舰域耦合流场的研究还很少。以两栖攻击舰(LHA)和V-22"鱼鹰"倾转旋翼机为研究对象,基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程和SST k-ω湍流模型对舰载倾转旋翼机着舰域耦合流场进行数值模拟研究,并探讨了不同着舰高度时机/舰耦合流场的相互作用。结果表明:倾转旋翼尾流会与舰船脱落涡、甲板舷涡以及舰岛艉涡发生较强的"涡-涡干扰"现象,加大了耦合流场的湍流强度;舰船流场的低频非稳态特征会导致旋翼桨盘气动载荷发生显著的波动,不利于飞行操纵;垂直降落过程中,舰船甲板会形成"前低后高"的压力分布特征,倾转旋翼RMS气动载荷值也会明显增加,降低了着舰安全性,且右旋翼RMS气动载荷值比左旋翼平均大一倍以上,这也表明右旋翼面临着更加严峻的气动环境。     

大中型高压高速电动机转轴静力学仿真分析

以10 kV3 000 kW2极高压高速电动机为例,对转子偏心情况下电机转轴的静力学进行分析。对单边磁拉力的计算分别采用分析法和有限元法,并针对带有轴向通风槽的转轴挠度进行计算。然后通过ANSYS Workbench有限元仿真软件对转轴进行静力学仿真分析。在保证计算精度的基础上,可使用分析法。这为高压高速电动机单边磁拉力和转轴的静力学分析提供了参考。     

中心线变化规律和膨胀比对圆转方过渡段流场形态的影响

为了获得流道中心线变化规律和截面膨胀比ε对圆转方过渡段流场形态的影响规律,在某型发动机的真实工况下,分别对3种中心线变化规律(前缓后急、缓急相当、前急后缓)和5种膨胀比(1.00,1.01,1.03,1.05,1.07)的圆转方过渡段结构进行建模计算,得到了圆转方过渡段内部流场形态、总压恢复系数和流向涡涡量的变化规律。结果表明:不同结构的横截面静压和速度分布差异较大。前急后缓结构在圆转方横截面出现明显的角涡;在三种中心线变化规律结构中总压恢复系数沿流向均呈下降趋势,流向涡涡量沿流向均呈先增大后减小的趋势,三种结构的流向涡涡量最大值从大到小依次为前急后缓结构、前缓后急结构和缓急相当结构,最大最小值相差19%。随着膨胀比的增大,在圆转方横截面会出现角涡;在不同膨胀比结构中总压恢复系数沿流向均呈下降趋势,流向涡涡量沿流向均呈先增大后减小的趋势,膨胀比1.03结构的局部流向涡无量纲涡量比1.07结构小40.9%。缓急相当中心线变化规律和膨胀比ε=1.03为最佳结构参数。     

一种用于静态红外地球敏感器的高效算法

为提高微纳卫星的姿态检测效果，针对静态红外地球敏感器的全景鱼眼成像特点，以单张红外成像为研究对象建立成像模型，提出了间隔向量积与t Location-Scale分布置信区间均值结合的算法。将红外成像投影到空间球体上形成空间像点环；在像点环上间隔取点做向量积，得到当前目标姿态角的样本集合；通过t Location-Scale分布进行极大似然估计，得到目标姿态角样本均值和方差的估计量；再次计算1σ置信区间内样本均值，最终得到目标姿态角的估计值。相比于原算法，目标姿态角在±10°内的标准差由0.06°下降为0.03°，精度提高了50%。另外为避免迭代收敛的耗时问题，给出了应用于实际工程的查表法，使运算速度提高了87%，提升了静态红外地球敏感器的测量精度和效率。     

Installation and preliminary data analysis of Penang magnetic data Acquisition system (MAGDAS) in Malaysia

MAGDAS PEN was established on 19th September 2019 as one of the MAGDAS observatory arrays located at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) (5.15°, 100.50°). The main objective of the MAGDAS project is to monitor global electromagnetic and the ambient plasma density in the geospace environment. This installation has contributed to a better understanding of the Sun-Earth coupling system. This paper presents the installation process of one of the MAGDAS magnetometers named YU-8 T magnetic sensor and provides a preliminary analysis of geomagnetic HDZ components amplitude-time that was observed at PEN station. A one-month HDZ-geomagnetic field data was processed from 1st November to 30th November 2019. The daily variations with a consistent pattern in delta H geomagnetic field components are observed throughout the day with eastward electric field effects that are observed during solar peak hours. The delta H-component gradually increases around 0700LT and reaches the maximum reading at 1300LT with a range of value ~ 40-70nT. The value slowly decreases that started from 1400LT until the night time. The reading during the night time shows a constant variation with magnitude varies in between ?10nT to + 10nT. The average H-component value of the night time is used as the baseline for the observation system. Overall, the observed trends portray a good sign of solar quiet field and Sq with no solar-terrestrial disturbances.     

用MUSIC法确定声源频率和方位时误差的校正方法

为确定多个平面波窄带声源的频率和方位本文在阵列信号处理理论的基础上，提出用均匀线阵接收信号数据，并采用多信号分类法（ＭＵＳＩＣ法）对其进行频率，方位参数的分离估计，利用其正交性的谱估计来判断声源的频率和方位，在此基础地实际阵列中存在的阵元位置扰动，通道特性不一致和阵元之间的耦合这三种模型误差，提出了一种基于辅助源的校正方法，并得模型误差不影响声源的频率，只影响声源方位的判断，声学实验证实，通过校正