多充液贮腔航天器耦合动力学与姿态控制

基于已有的质心面液体大幅晃动等效力学模型，采用拉格朗日方法，系统地建立了任意复杂激励下四贮腔航天器刚-液耦合动力学精确模型。由本文方法所得到的等效晃动力及晃动力矩与通过Flow3D计算出的相应结果吻合良好，验证了所建模型的可靠性。根据所建立的大幅晃动类充液航天器耦合系统动力学模型进一步研究了该类航天器在进行三轴稳定姿态机动时的主要动力学耦合特性，并设计了一类抑制姿态振荡的补偿控 制器。     

一种使用磁力矩器管理双自旋航天器角动量的方法

针对一种新型采用双自旋设计进行对地遥感任务的航天器，提出了一种使用磁力矩器对旋转载荷角动量进行管理的方法。使用旋转载荷固连正交安装的三只磁力矩器，在旋转过程中连续输出周期性变化的磁矩，使自转一周过程中产生的合角动量方向仅沿自转轴方向，避免在其他两轴方向产生角动量累积。该方法在工程上可行性好，仿真结果表明旋转载荷角动量持续保持在期望值附近，不随时间累加。     

空间柔性充气结构分布式光纤裂纹损伤监测方法

空间柔性充气结构作为一种航天器基本组成单元,在气闸舱、空间居住舱等领域受到越来越多关注。针对此类结构损伤状态的智能辨识,对于目前正在开展的深空与星际探测具有重要意义。为此,本文提出了一种基于分布式光纤传感器的空间充气结构裂纹损伤实时监测技术。借助ANSYS有限元分析方法,数值模拟得到含裂纹损伤的充气结构模型在不同内压载荷作用下的应变响应与分布规律。在此基础上,通过由芳纶编织而成的柔性充气结构表面布置分布式光纤光栅传感网络,实时采集不同位置与程度损伤对应的表面应变分布与变化信息。提取能够表征结构裂纹特征的辨识参量,建立光纤传感器应变响应差值与裂纹损伤长度之间的关系模型,实现裂纹损伤区域定位与损伤长度识别。研究结果表明,本文所提方法具有非视觉测量、实时性好以及多种功能复用等优点,能够为未来空间柔性充气结构服役状态辨识与在轨快速维护提供技术支撑。     

Dynamic modeling and multi-stage integrated control method of ultra-quiet spacecraft

Space telescope ultrahigh precision pointing control requires the spacecraft platform to provide an ultra-quiet working environment. Vibration isolator rejection control and the multi-stage integrated control method is believed to be one of the best methods to improve the space telescope attitude control performance. In this paper, the fine dynamics model of multi-stage spacecraft systems is presented and the multi-stage integrated controller design techniques are provided. Effectiveness of the multi-stage integrated control approach is demonstrated by both the numerical simulation and experiment results. An integrated design and demonstrated experimental environment is developed for high-fidelity control performance assessment. The verification experiments for the space telescope attitude control and vibration control are carried out. The results show that the pointing accuracy and stability of the line-of-sight (LOS) for space telescope are improved at least one order by the multi-stage integrated control method.     

载人航天器防火安全设计

防火安全是载人航天器总体设计所关注的重点项目之一。文章按照火灾发生三要素,结合以往密封舱防火安全设计经验,从密封舱内可燃物控制、舱内氧浓度控制、防止点火源形成、防止火灾传播、密封舱烟火监测和密封舱灭火6个方面对载人航天器防火安全设计方法进行了归纳总结。该研究可为我国后续载人航天器密封舱防火设计提供重要依据,确保载人航天器任务期间的安全可靠性。     

航天器振动试验中的频率漂移现象研究

文章针对航天器振动试验中较为常见的频率漂移现象,分析了其影响,并结合工程案例讨论了可恢复和不可恢复频率漂移现象的产生机理。尤其针对蜂窝夹层板在振动试验中/后的频率漂移,对两种典型的结构失效模式进行了分析。研究结果可为航天器振动试验中出现频率漂移时的原因分析和航天器结构设计提供参考。     

间接Legendre伪谱法的欠驱动航天器姿态运动轨迹跟踪

针对仅带有两组喷气推力器的非轴对称欠驱动刚性航天器，提出一种基于间接Legendre伪谱法的姿态运动轨迹跟踪控制算法。首先采用Legendre伪谱法(LPM)离线规划出系统的最短时间姿态机动参考轨迹。接着将实际运行轨迹与参考轨迹之间的偏差作为变量，根据Pontryagin极小值原理必要条件把系统姿态运动跟踪问题转化为一个两点边值问题(TPBVP)。最后采用 Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto(LGL)点将此两点边值问题离散转化为一个线性方程组来求解，避免了对传统Riccati微分方程的积分运算。数值仿真校验了本文基于间接Legendre伪谱法的姿态运动轨迹跟踪控制算法的有效性。     

太阳帆航天器三维人工平动点变化特性研究

本文研究了太阳帆航天器在光压因子、锥角和钟角共同作用下的三维人工平动点的变化特性。在光压因子较小的时候，五个平动点会拓展成五个不相连的“人工”平动点面。随着光压因子增大，平动点面SL 3 ，SL 4 和SL5将逐渐扩大并互相融合，最终延展至SL 1 与之融合。而平动点面SL2则始终保持独立的球面，只随着光压因子的增大而扩大但不与其它平动点面发生融合。平动点位置的改变，意味着对应的周期轨道也随之改变，这为平动点周期轨道的转移等任务提供了有效参考。     

Robust H∞ controller design for attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft with input constraints

This paper addresses the attitude stabilization and vibration suppression problem for flexible spacecraft subject to model parameter uncertainty, controller perturbations, external disturbances and input constraints. The attitude model of flexible spacecraft is described and converted into a state space form in terms of passive and active vibration suppression schemes. A novel state feedback controller is proposed based on the exactly available expectation of a new variable, which is introduced to model a randomly occurring controller gain perturbation. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for the existence of the nonfragile H_∞ controller considering input constraints are given based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) in terms of additive perturbation and multiplicative perturbation. Then, the developed controller subject to required constraints can be obtained, where the nonfragile property is fully considered to improve the tolerance to uncertainties in the controller. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy in attitude stabilization and vibration suppression, where it should be noted that the passive vibration suppression scheme is superior for high natural frequencies while the active vibration suppression scheme is superior for low natural frequencies. Moreover, the low natural frequencies have more influence on the performance of attitude stabilization and vibration suppression.     

A torus-shaped solar sail accelerated via thermal desorption of coating

A torus-shaped sail consists of a reflective membrane attached to an inflatable torus-shaped rim. The sail’s deployment from its stowed configuration is initiated by introducing inflation pressure into the toroidal rim with an attached circular flat membrane coated by heat-sensitive materials that undergo thermal desorption (TD) from a solid to a gas phase. Our study of the deployment and acceleration of the sail is split into three steps: at a particular heliocentric distance a torus-shaped sail is deployed by a gas inflated into the toroidal rim and the membrane is kept flat by the pressure of the gas; under heating by solar radiation, the membrane coat undergoes TD and the sail is accelerated via TD of coating and solar radiation pressure (SRP); when TD ends, the sail utilizes thrust only from SRP. We study the stability of the torus-shaped sail and deflection and vibration of the flat membrane due to the acceleration by TD and SRP.