位错对形变304亚稳态不锈钢中奥氏体的电化学性能的影响

AISI 304亚稳态奥氏体不锈钢形变时容易发生相变,为避免产生相变马氏体而专注于研究位错的影响,采用局部电化学技术研究了拉伸应变分别为0%、10%、20%、30%和40%时的AISI 304不锈钢中奥氏体晶粒的电化学性能的变化规律,并分析了位错密度及位错组态对阻抗谱和动电位极化曲线等电化学性能的影响机理。研究结果表明:奥氏体的阻抗随位错密度的增大而降低,在低应变水平下位错密度的增大对阳极电流密度的降低有着重要作用;阳极电流密度随应变水平增加而增加,达到一个最大值后显著下降。通过扫描开尔文探针(SKP)的测量结果,计算得知位错堆积数比位错密度对阳极电流密度的影响更为显著,尤其是对于高应变水平不锈钢。     

Electrochemical micromachining of microgroove arrays on phosphor bronze surface for improving the tribological performance

A high friction coefficient and a low wear rate of contacted surfaces are essential elements to friction pairs between the stator and the rotor in ultrasonic motors. It has been shown that surface textures have a significant effect on improving the tribological performance of friction pairs.In this paper, microgroove arrays are introduced to the stator surface for improving the tribological performance of friction pairs between the stator and the rotor in ultrasonic motors. Microgrooves were fabricated on a phosphor bronze surface by through-mask electrochemical micromachining(TMEMM). Parameters, namely, the electrolyte inlet pressure, applied voltage, pulse duty cycle,and frequency, were varied to investigate their influences on the dimensions and morphology of the microgrooves. Results showed that the width and depth of the microgrooves were strongly affected by the applied voltage and frequency, while the morphology of the microgrooves was dependent on the electrolyte inlet pressure and the pulse duty cycle. Compared with a smooth surface, the friction coefficient increased from 0.245 to 0.334 and less abrasion was obtained when a surface was textured with microgrooves of which the width and depth were 185.6 and 57.6 lm,respectively. Microgroove arrays might play an important role in enhancing the performance of ultrasonic motors.     

微细电解加工系统设计及实验研究

针对微细电解加工的特殊工艺要求研制了微细电解加工系统,包括机床本体及配套的电气控制系统,采取直接进给加工和周期循环加工两种不同的运动控制方案进行微细孔电解加工试验,并对结果进行比较分析。     

异形型腔电解加工阴极的数字化设计

建立了异形型腔电解加工阴极设计和加工过程仿真的数学物理模型,并在MATLAB平台上利用PDETool工具箱编制了有限元求解和动态加工仿真程序,针对某型发动机扩压器叶间流道异形型腔设计制造了阴极和工装夹具,选择并优化了加工参数,试验加工出的型腔试件能均匀留出0.15～0.30 mm的加工余量,满足了实际加工的工序要求.     

铝合金阳极化膜上铈转化膜沉积的电化学研究

阳极氧化膜在含1g/L CeCl₃和2.7 g/L H₂O₂的水溶液中阴极电解可以在其表面沉积富铈转化膜.用循环伏安、φ-t和j-t曲线等电化学测试方法对转化膜成膜反应进行了研究,以期获得对成膜机理的深入了解和证实根据其它工作提出的成膜机理.研究结果表明铈转化膜的生成包括阳极氧化膜的化学溶解和4价铈化合物的电化学还原两个过程;在阴极电位达到析氢电位之前,这两个过程主要是由H₂O₂在阴极的电还原改变了阴极表面附近溶液的局部pH值引起的,而O₂的还原通常不能引起这两个过程的发生.      

叶片电解加工阴极设计CAD/CAE/CAM专家系统

为了解决航空发动机叶片电解加工工具阴极设计自动化程度较低的难题,在电解加工基本原理的基础上,开发了专用的叶片电解加工计算机辅助阴极设计制造专家系统,主要介绍了该专家系统的基本结构、模块化组成和工作原理,并重点探讨了基于间隙内实际电场分布的叶片电解加工有限元阴极设计方法,最后通过一组工艺试验验证了该专家系统所设计阴极的加工精度.试验结果表明开发的阴极设计专家系统有较高的设计精度和良好的工作稳定性.      

大切深数控电解铣削加工阴极设计及试验研究

难加工材料整体叶轮广泛应用于航空领域,采用传统切削加工存在刀具磨损快、加工效率低等问题。本文针对某型号复杂整体叶轮,提出大切深五轴数控电解铣削预加工方法。通过设计锥形螺旋刃阴极,分析不同旋转角下单、双螺旋刃出口流场分布,得到旋转角720°的单螺旋刃阴极出口压力和流速分布均匀。同时开展大切深数控电解铣削加工试验,结果表明:在选取的工艺参数范围内,加工平衡间隙和进给速度随着加工电压升高而增大;较低的电解液温度有利于实现小间隙加工,可显著提高加工精度;主轴转速达到1 500 r/min后对加工速度影响较小。得到大切深数控电解铣削整体叶轮加工叶片,一次最大切深可达65 mm,余量误差控制在0.5 mm范围之内,提高了整体叶轮加工效率。     

电化学辅助沉积KH-570硅烷对AZ31B镁合金耐蚀性能的影响

采用电化学辅助沉积方法对AZ31B镁合金进行硅烷化处理,借助于动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱等电化学测试手段研究了γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)添加量对膜层质量及耐蚀性能的影响,并比较了利用羟基磷灰石(HA)颗粒、铈盐离子(Ce3+)两种改性物质改良硅烷溶液后所制得膜层的质量及耐蚀性能.结果表明:AZ31B镁合金经电化学辅助沉积硅烷处理后,表面生成一层均匀而致密的硅烷透明膜层,有效地减缓了镁合金的腐蚀行为,促使其自腐蚀电流密度大大降低;在硅烷电化学辅助沉积处理过程中,KH-570存在最佳添加量,当其添加体积约为8 mL时所制备出的硅烷膜层质量最好、耐蚀性能最佳;通过改良硅烷溶液,电化学辅助沉积制备的硅烷膜层质量进一步提高,Ce3+改良效果更佳.     

整体叶盘通道电解加工电极多维运动轨迹优化

为了提高整体叶盘通道余量分布的均匀性,提出了电极运动轨迹优化方法.分析了电解加工间隙对电极运动轨迹的影响,优化了工具电极在叶顶及叶根圆柱面上的运动轨迹,并基于轨迹线上采样点作拟合垂线段中点的样条曲线获得新的轨迹线.为了验证优化后轨迹的合理性,进行了叶盘通道电解加工对比试验.试验表明,与优化前的轨迹相比,采用优化后的轨迹...     

Investigation on a Sol-gel Coating Containing Inhibitors on 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy

For a long time, chromate incorporated conversion coatings have been drawn special attention in corrosion protection of air-craft-used aluminum alloys. However,ever-increasing environmental pressures requires that non-chromate conversion coatings be developed because of the detrimental carcinogenic effects of the chromate compounds. In recent years, the sol-gel coatings doped with inhibitors were developed to replace chromate conversion coatings, and showed real promise. A sol-gel coating was prepared and its anti-corrosion behavior was investigated using the potentiodynamic scanning (PDS) and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It is found that the sol-gel coating obtained by the hydrolysis and condensation of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) is prone to form defects if cured at the room temperature, whereas if cured at a higher temperature (100 ℃), these flaws can be avoided. Furthermore, it can be seen that addition of anti-foam agents and surfactants will reduce the faults if cured at the room temperature. Effects of the corrosion inhibitors, CeCl3 and mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), in the sol-gel coatings on 2024-T3 aluminum alloy were also investigated. Results show that the corrosion resistance of the sol-gel coatings containing CeCl3 proves to be better than that of the pure and MBT added sol-gel coatings by the electrochemical methods.