Design and analysis of truss deployable antenna mechanism based on a novel symmetric hexagonal profile division method

As the deployment, supporting, and stability mechanisms of satellite antennas, space-deployable mechanisms play a key role in the field of aerospace. In order to design truss deployable antenna supporting mechanisms with large folding rate, high accuracy, easy deployment and strong stability, aiming at the geometric division of the parabolic reflector, a novel method based on symmetric hexagonal division and its corresponding modular truss deployable antenna mechanism is proposed, and the original method based on asymmetric triangular division and its corresponding mechanisms are presented for comparative analysis. Then, the screw theory is employed to analyze the mobility of different mechanisms. Furthermore, the improved three-dimensional mesh method is used to divide the reflector surface of a large parabolic antenna designed by the two different methods, and the profile accuracy and the type of links are taken as the evaluation indexes to quantitatively analyze the division results. Finally, a three-dimensional model of the modular deployable mechanism based on the symmetric hexagonal design is developed, and the deployable mechanisms with different configurations based on the two design methods are compared and analyzed from the mechanical perspective. The research results provide a good theoretical reference for the design of deployable truss antenna mechanisms and their application in the aerospace field.     

火星进入减速器技术综述与展望

随着火星着陆探测任务的不断推进,火星采样返回、载人登陆火星和火星基地等任务要求能将更大、更重的探测器着陆到火星表面,这就需要在火星大气进入阶段进行高效减速。基于以往成功的火星着陆探测任务,首先系统地回顾了火星进入段气动减速技术的发展历史;然后,结合火星进入过程的特点阐述了火星进入段减速设计的必要性及其面临的挑战;接着,系统地总结了充气式气动减速器、可展开式气动减速器和超声速反推减速器的系统构成和研究进展;最后,对这3种减速器技术的未来发展方向和亟待解决的关键问题进行了比较全面的分析和展望。     

周边桁架可展开天线网面初始平衡态寻求方法

针对周边桁架可展开天线索网反射面的特点，以结构的几何外形为已知量（设计者给定），给定一组初始预应力为迭代初值，并给模型的各节点施加一个小△的位移量，迭代反算求解出一组预拉力以及与之相应的几何参数，即可确定网面的初始平衡态，并通过ANSYS反算验证。算例表明该法简单实用。     

面向空间折展机构的刚性折纸研究现状与展望

刚性折纸是折纸领域中一个非常活跃的分支,在折展时可以实现二维与三维的连续变换且折痕以外的面板内部无应变,适用于多种刚性折展机构。基于刚性折纸构型衍生的空间折展机构具有形面精度高、折展比大和自由度数量少等特点,可以满足航天工程对空间折展机构大尺度、轻量化以及高精度的需求。针对未来发展趋势,概述了刚性折纸几何设计及运动学基础,阐述了目前与空间折展机构相关的刚性折纸的典型构型,重点介绍了各种构型的特点及相关研究进展。根据折痕的复杂程度,从不同刚性折纸构型出发,综述了面向空间折展机构的刚性折纸的应用及研究现状;从构型创新设计方法、厚板化设计方法、动力学特性分析方法、机构智能化设计方法和微重力卸载方法5个方面展望了基于刚性折纸的空间折展机构未来的发展方向及研究重点,旨在为大型空间折展机构的基础研究和工程应用提供借鉴与参考。     

Deployment dynamic analysis of deployable antennas considering thermal effect

Dynamic analysis of flexible multibody systems is complex. Several successful methods have been demonstrated. However, few works discussed the dynamic performance of the flexible multibody under different temperatures. This paper uses the absolute nodal coordinate formulation to analyze the flexible body dynamics of deployment structures under different temperatures to simulate space environments. The dynamic equations of finite element in temperature field are developed. Then a computer-aided simulation of flexible multibody systems in temperature field is implemented. A general four-bar mechanism under different temperatures as a simulation example is demonstrated, and the deployment characteristics of a special four-bar mechanism as a basic module of the hoop truss deployable antenna is analyzed under different temperatures in order to evaluate the dynamic performance of the deployable antenna in space environments. The simulation results indicate the influence factors of deployment dynamic characteristics include the structural form, material properties, geometric parameters and deployment planning in ambient and thermal/vacuum environments.     

含间隙铰链的非线性动力学建模及数值分析

针对空间可展开机构中的含间隙铰链,建立非线性动力学模型,研究其非线性动力学特性。将含间隙铰链实体等效为"T"字型梁模型,针对两侧端部的径向碰撞和侧向碰撞,首次提出了碰撞点的检测算法。针对不同的碰撞类型,建立相应的非线性接触力和摩擦力分析模型,将碰撞点处的作用力等效施加到"T"字型梁模型上。进行"T"字型梁模型在轴向冲击载荷下的动力学特性分析,并与ANSYS软件的分析结果进行比较,验证了含间隙铰链非线性动力学模型的有效性。分析了有多个含间隙铰链的可展开桁架动力学响应特性,研究含间隙铰链对桁架响应的影响机理。结果表明:采用含间隙铰链的动力学模型,可以更加精确地分析可展开桁架结构的非线性动力学响应,为可展开桁架结构的动力学设计提供支撑。     

单顶点多折痕折纸形式启发的空间折展机构

针对一些特定功能小卫星需要可展式的功能结构,如可展天线、可展太阳能电池阵列,提出一种单顶点多折痕折纸形式启发的空间折展机构。展示了用于设计该机构的机构构型,研究发现此种构型不仅可将平面结构进行折展,也能将可包络回转曲面的锥形结构进行折展。进而提出了用于机构设计的几何模型及为快速判断机构的几何尺寸是否满足设计要求的近似几何模型。通过算例及仿真校验,发现近似几何模型可以进行快速判断。同时该机构具有较高折叠效率,适用于尺寸约束严格的小卫星。     

Deploying process modeling and attitude control of a satellite with a large deployable antenna

Modeling and attitude control methods for a satellite with a large deployable antenna are studied in the present paper. Firstly, for reducing the model dimension, three dynamic models for the deploying process are developed, which are built with the methods of multi-rigid-body dynam- ics, hybrid coordinate and substructure. Then an attitude control method suitable for the deploying process is proposed, which can keep stability under any dynamical parameter variation. Subse- quently, this attitude control is optimized to minimize attitude disturbance during the deploying process. The simulation results show that this attitude control method can keep stability and main- tain proper attitude variation during the deploying process, which indicates that this attitude con- trol method is suitable for practical applications.     

刚柔耦合状态下索杆式伸展臂多体动力学研究

索杆式伸展臂在展开过程中,其斜拉索存在大运动和大变形问题,运用传统分析方法进行仿真分析难度较大.文章基于非线性弹性理论的绝对节点坐标方法,描述了斜拉索的空间运动和变形,研究了横向框架在贮存段、消旋段、提升段和套筒外的动力学特性,实现了索-刚体组成耦合系统的多体动力学数值仿真.     

空间可展开结构区间模型修正方法

传统的模型修正未考虑工程中存在的几何尺寸、材料参数、间隙等不确定性,修正后有限元模型预测精度较低。为提高有限元模型的预测精度,准确预测结构的静动力学特性,对考虑参数不确定性的模型修正进行了研究,提出了一种基于Kriging模型和泛灰数的区间模型修正方法。首先,通过灵敏度分析确定待修正参数,并以修正参数为变量,构造基于Kriging模型的区间响应目标函数;其次,引入泛灰数将区间优化问题转换为区间上限和区间直径两个全局优化问题;然后,利用Kriging模型结合遗传算法给出修正后的参数区间形式;最后,通过该方法对含铰链间隙的某空间可展开结构进行了模型修正。结果表明,修正后参数区间与真实区间重合度较高,修正后结构响应预测区间与实际区间吻合,验证了方法的有效性,为大型空间可展开结构的模型修正提供了一个有效可行的途径。