民机客舱颗粒污染物传播规律数值仿真及分析

采用数值模拟方法计算三种送风方式下突发性颗粒污染物在民机客舱内的传播规律,比较三种送风系统各自的优点及不足。结果表明：天花板送风系统能够有效地降低客舱内的温度,但乘客会有吹风感,且颗粒污染物的传播范围广;地板送风客舱内的温度分布不均匀,不易于颗粒污染物的传播,但污染物浓度高于其他两种送风方式;置换送风方式不易于颗粒污染物的传播,且污染物浓度值低,传播范围小,乘客没有吹风感,但不能有效地降低客舱内的温度。     

飞机座舱空气分配系统设计与仿真研究

提出了一种利用仿真计算辅助座舱空气分配系统设计的方法,以某型飞机座舱为研究对象,进行了空气分配系统设计,根据设计模型和参数建立了系统仿真模型,利用Flowmaster对其进行仿真计算,并根据仿真计算结果对设计进行迭代,使得系统性能逐步优化,最终满足设计要求。     

基于PMV-PPD的地面空调最佳送风速度

针对目前飞机地面空调恒速送风所造成的客舱热舒适性和节能效果不佳的问题,运用CFD技术建立了Boeing737飞机客舱的仿真模型,并通过实验室1∶1尺寸的Boeing737实验舱进行验证,证明所建立的CFD模型合理有效。在此模型基础上,模拟了飞机客舱内的风速场、温度场,根据采样点的风速和温度,分别得到不同送风速度下的客舱内热舒适性评价指标PMV和PPD,通过高斯拟合得到地面空调送风速度与PPD平均值之间的曲线关系,求解得到了满足热舒适性要求的地面空调最佳送风速度,从而实现地面空调的节能控制。     

Thermal comfort assessment in civil aircraft cabins

Aircraft passengers are more and demanding in terms of thermal comfort. But it is not yet easy for aircraft crew to control the environment control system(ECS) that satisfies the thermal comfort for most passengers due to a number of causes. This paper adopts a corrected predicted mean vote(PMV) model and an adaptive model to assess the thermal comfort conditions for 31 investigated flights and draws the conclusion that there does exist an uncomfortable thermal phenomenon in civil aircraft cabins, especially in some short-haul continental flights. It is necessary to develop an easy way to predict the thermal sensation of passengers and to direct the crew to control ECS. Due to the assessment consistency of the corrected PMV model and the adaptive model, the adaptive model of thermal neutrality temperature can be used as a method to predict the cabin optimal operative temperature. Because only the mean outdoor effective temperature ET* of a departure city is an input variable for the adaptive model, this method can be easily understood and implemented by the crew and can satisfy 80–90% of the thermal acceptability levels of passengers.