Bayesian approach to retrieval of vertical ozone profile from radiometry data

A technique for retrieving vertical distributions (profiles) of atmospheric gas constituents from data of passive remote sensing of the atmosphere is proposed. The goal of the technique based on the statistical (Bayesian) approach to solution of inverse problems is construction of probability distribution for a sought quantity throughout the interval of the studied heights. It is assumed that initial data contain measurement noise, and a priori information about properties of the profile is used. It is proposed to approximate the sought profile by a function in the form of an artificial neural network. This approximation allows optimal inclusion of a priori information into retrieval procedure, thus ensuring the most effective regularization of the problem. Efficiency of the proposed technique is demonstrated on an example of retrieval of vertical ozone profile from data of ground-based sounding of the atmosphere in the millimeter wavelength range. Results of profile retrieval from model data and from spectra of radiation temperature of the atmosphere measured in the Apatity (67° N, 33° E) in the winter of 2002–2003 are presented.     

大气紊流数字仿真的改进方法

赵震炎等提出了一种数字摸拟Dryden大气紊流的方法。该方法使用方便,并具有一定的理论基础。但是在某些步长情况下它的相关函数和Dryden模型的理论值吻合得还不够令人满意。本文从理论上分析了产生误差的原因,并且提出了改进的方法。通过相关性检验可以看到改进后的仿真结果非常符合Dryden谱的大气紊流模型。     

D-region ionospheric disturbances associated with the Extremely Severe Cyclone Fani over North Indian Ocean as observed from two tropical VLF stations

The D-region ionospheric disturbances due to the tropical cyclone Fani over the Indian Ocean have been analysed using Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio communication signals from three transmitters (VTX, NWC and JJI) received at two low latitude stations (Kolkata-CUB and Cooch Behar-CHB). The cyclone Fani formed from a depression on 26th April, 2019 over the Bay of Bengal (Northeastern part of the Indian Ocean) and turned into an extremely severe cyclone with maximum 1-min sustained winds of 250 km/h on 2 May, 2019 which made landfall on 3 May, 2019. Out of six propagation paths, five propagation paths, except the JJI-CHB which was far away from the cyclone track, showed strong perturbations beyond $3\sigma$ level compared to unperturbed signals. Consistent good correlations of VLF signal perturbations with the wind speed and cyclone pressure have been seen for both the receiving stations. Computations of radio signal perturbations at CUB and CHB using the Long Wave Propagation Capability (LWPC) code revealed a Gaussian perturbation in the D-region ionosphere. Analysis of atmospheric temperature at different layers from the NASA’s TIMED satellite revealed a cooling effect near the tropopause and warming effects near the stratopause and upper mesosphere regions on 3 May, 2019. This study shows that the cyclone Fani perturbed the whole atmosphere, from troposphere to ionosphere and the VLF waves responded to the disturbances in the conductivity profiles of the lower ionosphere.     

Dryden型大气紊流对平流层飞艇能量最优轨迹影响

研究了常值风场作用下平流层飞艇的上升段轨迹优化和大气紊流对最优轨迹的影响问题。首先基于平流层飞艇的受力分析,建立了考虑常值风场、地球自转和飞艇质量变化等诸多因素的三自由度动力学模型,处理参数得到归一化的系统方程;其次采用直接配点法将平流层飞艇的最优轨迹问题转换为非线性规划问题,以最小能量为目标函数,给出非线性规划问题的求解策略,优化得出可行解后对飞艇的最优上升轨迹及相应的加速度项进行了分析,将优化的控制量代入微分方程验证了优化轨迹的准确性;最后加入Dryden型大气紊流的干扰,选取多组大气紊流干扰下的数据进行对比分析,仿真结果表明大气紊流叠加风场均值与飞艇终端位置误差存在一定规律,分析并提出了平流层飞艇抵御大气紊流干扰的策略。     

LQG控制理论在阵风载荷减缓系统中的应用

针对D ryden频谱函数,通过有理谱成形理论,建立了阵风的线性化模型。明确了阵风对飞机的扰动机理后,以某型飞机为对象,建立了包括阵风过程、舵机系统和飞机模型的纵向动力学増广模型。以该增广模型为设计对象,应用LQG控制理论,设计了阵风载荷减缓系统。仿真结果表明,该系统能有效减缓阵风对飞行过载的影响。     

用于飞行仿真的二维紊流场的数字生成法

 在飞行仿真的某些特殊情况(例如编队飞行、空中加油情况)下有必要生成二维紊流场,其中的紊流速度是两个坐标(例如沿飞行方向的x和沿翼展方向的y)的随机函数。在已有的一维紊流场生成技术的基础上,本文提出了一种简易而有效的生成二维紊流场,即在矩形网络上生成紊流速度序列的方法。经抽样检验,这样生成的紊流场的相关函数基本上符合紊流模型的相关特性,因而证实了该方法的可行性。还讨论了在飞行仿真中二维紊流生成器的两种运行方式——在线式和离线式。     

风洞中模拟大气边界层的实验要求

通过实验研究得出在小型低速风洞中模拟大气边界层的实验数据 ,为相关实验研究提供方便     

大气紊流频谱与飞机响应的几个问题

 本文推导了各向同性紊流速度及其任意阶梯度间的相关函数和频谱函数的一般表达式,并分析了频谱函数对空间频率的奇偶性。对现有文献和飞行品质规范中几个含糊不清的问题进行了阐述和澄情。对飞机纵向大气紊流响应进行了研究计算,得到了一些有意义的结论。     

LEO卫星轨道误差对无线电掩星反演大气参数的影响

采用数值方法估计了LEO卫星轨道误差对无线电掩星反演大气参数的影响。并将其应用于1995年10月11日的某次掩星事件的观测资料处理和分析，得到了LEO卫星轨道误差对无线电掩星反演大气参数影响的定量结果。     

风洞短试验段中基于被动技术的大气边界层模拟

针对西南交通大学XNJD-1风洞第一试验段的特点,采用被动模拟装置,通过多次流场校测、反复试凑,成功地在风洞中模拟了C类地表情况下的高湍流度大气边界层,实测平均风速剖面、湍流度剖面及风谱特性等与目标值较为吻合.此外,还对比讨论了平均风速和离地高度等因素对风场特性影响, 并计算了湍流积分尺度.研究表明边界层调试过程中应重点考查气流在对应结构卓越频段范围内的脉动情况,而仅将湍流度作为参考指标.