复合材料层合梁弯扭耦合变形的有限元分析

对于层合梁这一类特殊的工程问题,本文在理论上推导了其大挠度问题的有限元数学模型,这种数学模型有别于一般层合板壳问题对应的数学模型。在数值分析时,对线性问题进行了计算机模拟,并着重研究了层合梁在两个方向上的弯曲与一个方向上的扭转变形的耦合关系。本文的结果与实验值及其他理论解相比,具有良好的一致性。     

旋转圆柱对翼型气动特性影响的数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟的方法研究了旋转圆柱对NACA0015翼型气动特性的影响,着重分析了前缘旋转圆柱转速比和缝隙大小对翼型升阻特性的作用规律以及不同安装位置的高速旋转圆柱结合简单襟翼偏转下的翼型气动力特性。结果表明,高速旋转的圆柱代替翼型前缘可以有效地抑制翼型背风区的流动分离,延缓边界层的发展从而改善翼型气动特性。前缘旋转圆柱理想的转速比在4附近,缝隙在2.5mm至1.5mm之间可以满足使用要求。简单襟翼结合前、后缘高速旋转圆柱情况下翼型的气动力特性可以比拟精心设计的多段翼型。旋转圆柱具有增升减阻效果显著,需要主动输入的能量极少等优点,是一种具有良好应用前景的边界层流动控制技术。     

Effects of splined shaft bending rigidity on cylinder tilt behaviour for high-speed electro-hydrostatic actuator pumps

High-speed axial piston pumps are hydraulic power supplies for electro-hydrostatic actuators(EHAs). The efficiency of a pump directly affects the operating performance of an EHA, and an understanding of the physical phenomena occurring in the cylinder/valve plate interface is essential to investigate energy dissipation. The effects of the splined shaft bending rigidity on the cylinder tilt behaviour in an EHA pump need to be considered, because the deflection and radial expansion of a steel shaft rotating at a high speed cannot be ignored. This paper proposes a new mathematical model to predict the cylinder tilt behaviour by establishing a quantitative relationship between the splined shaft deflection, the cylinder tilt angle, and the tilt azimuth angle. The moments exerted by the splined shaft are included in the equilibrium equation of the cylinder. The effects of solid and hollow splined shafts equipped in an EHA pump prototype are compared at variable speeds of 5000–10,000 r/min. With a weight saving of 29.7%, the hollow shaft is experimentally found to have almost no influence on the volumetric efficiency, but to reduce the mechanical efficiency by 0.6–2.4%. The results agree with the trivial differences of the simulated central gap heights of the interface between the two shafts and the enlargement of the simulated tilt angles by the hollow shaft. The findings could guide designs of the cylinder/valve plate interface and the splined shaft to improve both the efficiency and power density of an EHA pump.     

舰载运输类飞机副翼飞行载荷设计

舰载运输类飞机布局紧凑，副翼兼备增加升力（襟副翼）、提供滚转力矩等作用。根据CCAR-25增升装置和滚转情况的设计准则，并考虑机舰适配性要求，研究了某舰载运输类螺旋桨飞机的襟副翼和副翼飞行载荷设计方法。通过机动仿真获得襟副翼、副翼典型载荷情况，通过面元法获得不同动力影响下的气动特性数据和压力分布数据，结合理论方法与工程需要，计算、筛选出襟副翼和副翼的载荷边界作为其设计载荷。研究结果表明，算例飞机的襟副翼和副翼飞行载荷受滑流影响较小；襟副翼在各个设计空速的迎面突风情况下获得设计载荷；副翼在设计俯冲速度的最大可用偏度情况下获得设计载荷。     

不同应力水平下5A06 铝合金的疲劳断口研究

通过采用金相显微镜,扫描电镜和能谱分析研究了5A06铝合金高周疲劳断口的微观特征。研究结果表明:该合金在疲劳极限附近发生疲劳断裂时,裂纹主要萌生于杂质粒子与基体的界面结合处,较高应力水平下疲劳裂纹的萌生呈现多源性,并且裂纹主要起源于杂质粒子自身的开裂。随着应力水平的提高,裂纹的偏转路径更加复杂,疲劳辉纹间距不断增大,断口中疲劳裂纹扩展区所占比例减少。疲劳裂纹扩展的初期,疲劳微裂纹的偏转主要取决于相邻晶粒间有利滑移面的方向。     

Comets, Asteroids and Zodiacal Light as Seen by Iso

ISO performed a large variety of observing programmes on comets, asteroids and zodiacal light – covering about 1% of the archived observations – with a surprisingly rewarding scientific return. Outstanding results were related to the exceptionally bright comet Hale–Bopp and to ISO's capability to study in detail the water spectrum in a direct way. But many other results were broadly recognised: Discovery of new molecules in comets, the studies of crystalline silicates, the work on asteroid surface mineralogy, results from thermophysical studies of asteroids, a new determination of the asteroid number density in the main-belt and last but not least, the investigations on the spatial and spectral features of the zodiacal light.     

用微分法推导拉压静不定变形谐调方程

材料力学中，解决桥架拉压静不定问题时，推导变形谐调方程是其关键，以往都是用图解法近似导出变形谐调方程，本文作者提出用微分法导出普遍适用的变形谐调方程：△ｌ１＋△ｌ２＝２△３ｃｏｓα。     

System design of the Hayabusa 2—Asteroid sample return mission to 1999 JU3

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is currently developing the second asteroid sample return mission, designated as Hayabusa 2. Following the successful return of Hayabusa from the asteroid “Itokawa”, Hayabusa 2 is designed as a round-trip mission to the asteroid “1999 JU3”. The 1999 JU3 is a C-type asteroid, which is believed to contain organic matter and hydrated minerals. Thus, it is expected that successful sample collection will provide additional knowledge on the origin and evolution of the planets and, in particular, the origin of water and organic matter. The current mission scenario will enable the spacecraft to reach 1999 JU3 in the middle of 2018 and perform an asteroid proximity operation for 1.5 years. Three touch downs for sampling and one 2-m-class crater generation by means of a high-speed impact operation are planned during the asteroid proximity operation. The samples are to be brought back to the Earth by a re-entry capsule. The present paper describes the system design of Hayabusa 2, some key technical challenges of the mission, and the development status.     

层合梁在大挠度下弯扭耦合变形的有限元分析

 建立复合材料层合梁有限元数学模型。对大挠度问题进行分析的同时,着重研究在两个方向上的弯扭耦合关系。计算结果与实验值及其他理论值相比,具有良好的一致性。     

复合材料加筋圆锥壳的大变形方程

 <正> 本文利用最小势能原理和平均筋条刚度法,建立了在任意载荷作用下以一环向密加筋复合材料圆锥壳的大变形方程。所建立的Donnell型方程可作为研究圆锥壳许多具体力学问题的理论基础。对一些特殊情况,给出了简化方程。 1.基本假设和关系式 在本文理论推导过程中作如下基本假设: