零动量卫星轮控系统可重构性设计研究

针对卫星姿态控制系统设计中常见的动量轮配置问题,总结了星上常用的5种轮控系统构型,首先对各种构型从角动量包络、干扰力矩下动量轮的饱和情况、系统功耗和可靠性等方面进行了可重构性分析和比较,在此基础上提炼了动量轮可重构性设计准则,可为轮控系统的设计提供参考依据。     

Coordinated Multiple Spacecraft Attitude Control with Communication Time Delays and Uncertainties

In this paper, we consider the coordinated attitude control problem of spacecraft formation with communication delays, model and disturbance uncertainties, and propose novel synchronized control schemes. Since the attitude motion is essential in non-Euclidean space, thus, unlike the existing designs which describe the delayed relative attitude via linear algorithm, we treat the attitude error and the local relative attitude on the nonlinear manifold-Lie group, and attempt to obtain coupling attitude information by the natural quaternion multiplication. Our main focus is to address two problems:1) Propose a coordinated attitude controller to achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver, i.e., synchronize multiple spacecraft attitudes and track a time-varying desired attitude; 2) With known model information, we achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver with disturbances under angular velocity constraints. Especially, if the formation does not have any uncertainties, the designer can simply set the controller via an appropriate choice of control gains to avoid system actuator saturation. Our controllers are proposed based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii method and simulation of a spacecraft formation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.     

基于角增量提取的旋转矢量算法研究

在某些由光纤陀螺或微机电陀螺组成的捷联航姿系统中,陀螺输出的是角速率。针对这种情况,归纳了基于角增量提取的二子样、三子样和四子样旋转矢量姿态算法,推导了这些算法的圆锥误差表达式,比较了它们的性能。     

基于落角约束的超声速导弹制导方案研究

针对超声速导弹具有落角约束条件下的制导问题,提出了一种新的设计方案.首先,在中制导俯冲过程中,采用攻击预先设定的虚拟目标方案,达到期望的中制导末端性能指标;然后,开始末制导俯冲段,雷达开机实时攻击实际目标,使导弹在需用过载和导引头框架角约束条件下,以期望落角命中目标.仿真结果表明,该制导律具有期望的性能要求,易于工程实现.     

基于偏置角动量的欠驱动航天器姿态保持控制

对有扰情况下欠驱动航天器三轴姿态保持控制问题进行了研究,提出一种基于俯仰偏置动量轮和滚动轴推力器的姿态保持控制方法。该方法基于偏置动量航天器滚动-俯仰轴耦合的原理实现,避免了欠驱动零动量航天器平衡点附近欠驱动轴耦合弱的问题;将航天器的姿态运动分为长周期运动和短周期运动,用极点配置方法进行控制律设计,给出保证系统稳定的参数选取范围,求出了系统稳态误差。最后,通过数值仿真验证了所设计的控制器不但能快速消除初始姿态偏差,而且能抵抗外干扰将航天器姿态保持在平衡点附近。     

基于ESO的DGVSCMG双框架伺服系统不匹配扰动抑制

针对双框架变速率控制力矩陀螺（DGVSCMG）两种工作模式下内、外框架系统存在的不匹配干扰抑制问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器与状态反馈的扰动抑制方法。在对飞轮工作模式和陀螺工作模式下内、外框架系统的干扰进行建模和分析的基础上,针对其不匹配干扰设计了扩张状态观测器,通过坐标变换减小框架系统扰动对不匹配通道的影响,并结合状态反馈控制设计了复合控制器,同时对全局系统稳定性进行了分析。对框架系统进行的仿真结果验证了所提复合控制方法的有效性。实验结果表明,所提出的控制方法能有效减小耦合力矩对内外框架角速率带来的影响,在飞轮模式下使得内外框架的角速率跳动量分别降低了85%和78%,且在陀螺模式下使外框架角速率跳动量降低了75%。     

Multi-coset angular sampling-based compressed sensing of blade tip-timing vibration signals under variable speeds

Blade Tip-Timing (BTT) has been regarded as a promising way of on-line blade vibration monitoring. But blind multi-band BTT vibration reconstruction is a big challenge under variable speeds and under-sampling. In order to deal with it, a novel Compressed Sensing (CS) method is proposed based on Multi-Coset Angular Sampling (MCAS) in this paper. First, multi-coset sampling scheme of BTT vibration signals is presented. Then the CS model of BTT vibration signals is derived in order domain. A sufficient condition of the number of BTT sensors is derived for perfect reconstruction and optimal placement of BTT sensors is determined by minimizing the condition number. In the end, numerical simulations are done to validate the proposed method and the performances of four reconstruction algorithms are compared, i.e., Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP), Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC), Basis Pursuit Denoising (BPDN) and Modified Focal Underdetermined System Solver (MFOCUSS). Influences of the sensor placement, the number of BTT sensors and measurement noises on the reconstruction performances are also testified. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible and the overall performance of the BPDN algorithm is the best among the four algorithms. Also the reconstruction performance decreases with the accelerations of rotating speed.     

一种有效提高CE-1卫星卸载前后精密星历衔接精度的定轨策略

主要讨论了动量轮卸载对嫦娥一号卫星绕月轨道的影响以及这种影响对其精密星历衔接段精度的影响,分析了不同轨道改进策略下的精密星历衔接弧段的精度,认为使用2~3d的弧段进行轨道改进及卸载计算能得到较高精度的搭接星历,并通过使用实测数据进行定轨改进计算进行了验证,结果表明,该策略可以使星历衔接精度在沿迹方向(T)提高至优于100m量级。     

空间站组合体惯性系内角动量管理控制

针对惯性系内重力梯度力矩与气动力矩的常值部分积累引起控制力矩陀螺饱和的问题,在惯性系内建立空间站的动力学模型并进行线性化,利用滤波变量将系统状态方程扩维,采用LQR方法设计系统反馈控制增益矩阵,实现空间站在惯性系内的角动量管理控制.惯性系内重力梯度力矩、气动力矩由轨道角速度整数倍的频率成份构成,可以根据实际情况增加抑制不同频率成份的滤波变量,用于抑制不同频率成份干扰力矩对空间站姿态或控制力矩陀螺角动量的干扰,从而使空间站长期在惯性系内飞行而不需要进行角动量的卸载.仿真验证了控制器的性能.     

压气机中尾迹/边界层作用模型的分析与验证

基于叶轮机中尾迹的负射流效应,考虑了边界层外缘黏性力项对边界层发展的影响,推导了尾迹/边界层相互作用的数学模型,并建立了边界层动量厚度与压气机叶片负荷变化的定量关系,对模型进行了数值模拟和实验验证.结果表明:①此模型能够较好地预测尾迹通过频率对压气机负荷的影响,压气机压升随着尾迹通过频率的变化存在极大值;②尾迹引起边界层当地压力梯度变化,是影响压气机负荷的主要因素.