Fast spacecraft solar radiation pressure modeling by ray tracing on graphics processing unit

A novel method is presented to evaluate on the graphics processing unit (GPU) the force and torque on a spacecraft due to solar radiation pressure. The method employs efficient ray tracing techniques, developed in the graphics rendering discipline, to resolve spacecraft self-shadowing and reflections at faster than real-time computation speed. The primary algorithmic components of the ray tracing process which contribute to the method’s computational efficiency are described. These components include two-level bounding volume hierarchy acceleration data structures, fast ray to bounding box intersection testing using the slab intersection algorithm and fast triangle intersection testing using the Möller-Trumbore algorithm. Spacecraft material optical properties are represented as a combination of Lambertian diffuse and ideal specular reflections. Both diffuse and specular ray-surface interactions are modeled. The approach is implemented using C++ and OpenCL and executed on a consumer grade GPU. Model validation is presented comparing ray traced force and torque values to the same quantities produce by a faceted analytic model. Numerical results illustrate the impact of self-shadowing on the force and torque calculation, and demonstrate the fast computational speed that is enabled with this implementation.     

Numerical investigation on flow nonuniformity-induced hysteresis in scramjet isolator

Numerical simulation and theoretical analysis were conducted to study the hysteresis inside scramjet isolator during the reciprocating process of back pressure variation. It is revealed that only a regular reflection is theoretically possible for two leading shocks when the inflow Mach number is greater than 2.0, and no hysteresis can occur in the transition between shock reflection types. Nevertheless, wall suction, gas injection, and background waves cause non-uniformity of the incoming flow and would make hysteresis possible. Besides the classical hysteresis in the transition between shock reflection, new kinds of hysteresis were found in both the deflection angle of separated boundary layer and the location of the shock train. Moreover, the occurrence of hysteresis in the deflection angle of the separated boundary layer is accompanied with the shock reflection hysteresis. In the case with background waves or gas injection, hysteresis in the starting position of leading shock was observed too. As back pressure decreases, the leading shock does not follow the same path as that as the back pressure increases, and it is anchored at the location where the background shock or the injection interacts with the leading shock. It is inferred that, if two strong adverse pressure gradient regions move towards and interact with each other, hysteresis will take place when they start to separate.     

基于Ansys Fluent的近场翼尖涡数值模拟与分析

为了进一步研究飞机远场尾涡,提供网格分配及湍流模型的参考,并为整机模拟提供必要的参考依据,通过基于Ansys Fluent的数值模拟方法,研究了NACA0012机翼的近场翼尖涡流场,采用有限体积法求解不可压缩雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,其中雷诺应力项分别以S-A和Realizable k-ε模型封闭,模拟了近场翼尖涡卷起的过程,分析了机翼表面压力以及涡核参数,包括轴向涡量、涡核位置、涡核粘性等,并与风洞实验结果进行了对比。结果分析表明:基于局部O-网的六面体网格,RKE模型要优于S-A模型,与实验值更为吻合。     

基于ALE法的水陆两栖飞机船体着水性能分析

水陆两栖飞机的着水性能是体现其综合性能的重要因素之一.应用ALE法对三种水陆两栖飞机船体截面进行入水仿真计算,从着水载荷、喷溅性能及运动响应三个方面对着水性能进行综合评估.对比分析了直线型、带舭弯弧形、复合型三种构型截面在不同速度、不同重量下的压力分布、喷溅性能以及运动响应,得到了三种截面横向压力分布规律.计算结果显示相同状态下,喷溅性能复合型优于带舭弯弧形、带舭弯弧形优于直线型;过载复合型远大于带舭弯弧形,带舭弯弧形稍大于直线型,综合看来带舭弯弧形截面着水性能最佳.     

卫星AIT阶段推进系统压力参数处理方法

在双组元推进系统管路中,高压气路、氧路、燃路分别装有一个压力传感器,通过压力传感器的遥测参数获取相应管路中压力情况。文章以某双组元卫星为例给出整星装配、总装与测试（AIT）阶段卫星推进系统压力参数处理方法,为卫星压力参数的纵向数据比对提供判读依据。通过该方法可以间接检查相应管路的气密性。     

航空发动机液压管路静压力损失分析及试验验证

液压机械装置(HMU)燃油管路的设计是否合理将直接影响到油液静压力的传递损失和各液压元件的工作特性.为了研究燃油管路内部流动损失机理,验证相关计算方法的置信度,针对典型管路静压力损失,采用锐边节流公式和短管节流公式进行了理论计算,并进行了CFD仿真分析,对计算结果进行了试验验证.计算与试验结果对比分析表明:液流的静压力损失主要出现在进口环腔与管路的交界处,管路下游液流的静压力与出口环腔内一致;锐边节流公式的计算结果相对偏大,而短管节流公式的计算结果更接近于试验值.     

典型工况下低排放燃烧室的压力振荡特性

为了研究低排放燃烧室在典型工况下的压力振荡特性,针对模型燃烧室进行了燃烧自激振荡特性试验.在试验中测量了采用贫油预混预蒸发(LPP)燃烧技术的低排放燃烧室在典型工况下的压力振荡频率和幅值,在燃烧室进口压力为1.10～2.77MPa、燃烧室进口温度为656～845 K、燃烧室压降为3.41％～4.35％范围内,分析了燃油粒径变化对振荡特性的影响.分析结果表明:局部当量比脉动是引发燃烧不稳定的因素之一.通过计算燃油二次雾化状态下的液滴最大粒径,发现燃油液滴粒径的变化对主燃级出口处的局部当量比脉动有直接影响,从而引起燃烧室压力振荡幅值和频率的变化.     

硫化压力对橡胶／金属热硫化粘接剥离强度的影响

研究 NR1155天然橡胶在不同硫化压力下热硫化后的物理力学性能。基于90°粘合剥离强度测试方法分别测量了不同硫化压力下制备的橡胶／金属复合结构试样的粘合剥离强度,并采用低场 NMR 橡胶交联密度测定仪分析试样中橡胶部分的交联密度,同时采用冷场发射电子扫描显微镜（SEM）研究剥离破坏表面。结果表明：NR1155天然橡胶胶料与 Chemlok205／Chemlok220热硫化胶粘体系具有很好的相容性和协同硫化作用。随着硫化压力的提高,橡胶／金属的粘合剥离强度呈现先降低后增加的规律,且最大剥离力呈现对硫化压力的函数依赖关系,而硫化胶的交联密度则呈现相反的趋势。     

不同进口截面下液力透平非定常压力脉动计算

为了研究不同进口截面对液力透平内压力脉动的影响,利用CFX软件对一单级液力透平进行非定常数值计算,通过设置监测点,计算各监测点在不同进口截面下的压力脉动,通过快速傅里叶变换将其压力脉动计算结果做相应分析,分析各监测点处压力脉动的时域和频域分布.结果表明:蜗壳内在大蜗壳进口下,随着蜗壳进口直径的增加,每个监测点处的压力逐渐增加,而在小蜗壳进口下,每个监测点处的压力逐渐减小.在距离蜗壳收缩管较远处,大蜗壳进口下的压力脉动较小,而在距离收缩管较近处,小蜗壳进口下的压力脉动较小.在叶轮内不同进口截面压力脉动的差异在同一时刻从进口到出口逐渐减小.尾水管内在小蜗壳进口下尾水管进口处的压力脉动最大.      

边界层厚度对腔体气动声学特性影响数值模拟

为了研究来流边界层厚度对开式腔体气动声学特性的影响,基于分离涡模拟方法,计算了来流马赫数为2.0条件下,不同来流边界层厚度与腔体深度比时,长深比为5.88的腔体流动特性,得到了该腔体声压级的频谱特性.计算结果表明:随着来流边界层厚度增加,形成的剪切层稳定性增强,失稳后上下摆动幅度减少,失稳生成的大尺度涡与超声速主流的相互作用减弱,使得大尺度涡发展到腔体后缘时所具有的平动动能和转动动能降低.大尺度涡撞击腔体后缘在腔体内形成的气动噪声的声压级降低,最大减小幅度达7.5dB.同时各阶模态的频率也发生偏移,偏移值在100Hz左右.基于新的假设重新推导了Rossiter公式,明确了经验常数的物理意义,并以此解释了频率偏移现象.