基于DEFORM-3D的自封铆接工艺研究

铆接工艺参数对自封铆接干涉量产生重要影响。采用有限元仿真软件DEFORM-3D,以2117-T4材料、直径4mm的半圆头自封铆钉及2024-T3材料的铝板为研究对象,分析自封铆接的3个主要工艺参数钉孔直径、顶铁形状及压铆力对铆接质量的影响。仿真结果表明,钉孔直径范围在4.01~4.02mm,采用凹槽顶铁及较大的压铆力会增加铆接干涉量,提高铆接件的密封性能。     

GH4169车削过程的热力耦合作用及残余应力场研究

镍基高温合金GH4169是一种拥有优良的机械性能及抗腐蚀能力的耐热合金,被广泛应用于航空航天工程等领域,其切削过程因热力耦合作用产生的残余应力对零件的疲劳性能有重要影响.本文采用GH4169车削试验及Deform-3D仿真模拟相结合的方法,通过试验的切削力和仿真的温度-应变场对残余应力场的形成机理进行研究.结果表明:刀具磨损对主切削分力和车削温度的影响非常显著,在刀片磨钝过程中,主切削分力由538N增大到756N,剪切区温度由552℃增高到654℃,工件表面的应变由3.3升高到3.5;刀具磨损导致切削力和的温度-应变的增大,致使表面圆周和进给方向的残余拉应力峰值由517MPa、242MPa增大到860MPa、442MPa;表层残余压应力峰值-696MPa、-356MPa增大到-756MPa、-456MPa;残余应力层深度由72μm增大到85μm.     

碳-芳纶混杂正交三向复合材料疲劳性能实验研究

采用三维机织工艺结合树脂传递模塑(RTM)技术制备了两种碳-芳纶混杂正交三向复合材料,即z向纱均采用芳纶纤维,经纬纱分别为炭纤维和经纬纱间隔排列炭纤维和芳纶纤维的混杂正交三向复合材料,以恒定应力幅值、应力比和频率,开展了复合材料经向拉伸疲劳性能试验,通过与炭纤维复合材料的对比,分析了碳-芳纶混杂方式对复合材料拉伸疲劳性能(疲劳寿命、疲劳破坏特征和疲劳后强度/刚度)的影响。当z向纱选用芳纶纤维,面内经纬纱为炭纤维的混杂复合材料经向拉伸疲劳寿命表现出正混杂效应;当进一步混入芳纶纤维,面内经纬纱为炭纤维和芳纶纤维间隔排列正交三向复合材料疲劳寿命表现为负混杂效应,对疲劳刚度损失有一定的抑制作用。可见,炭纤维正交三向复合材料中引入芳纶纤维,对其复合材料拉伸疲劳性能有重要影响,通过设计纤维混杂方式和混杂比例可进一步提高复合材料疲劳性能。     

采用MBD技术的液体火箭发动机三维模型设计

采用MBD(Model Based Definition)技术,以Pro/E和Intralink为协同设计平台,首次实现了液体火箭发动机的全三维数字化模型设计。通过将设计、工艺、材料和制造等相关信息包含在三维模型中,并将三维模型电子分发下厂,实现了用MBD模型完全取代传统研制模式中的二维图纸;同时基于MBD模型实现了三维仿真和装配过程分析,减少了方案反复。结果表明采用MBD技术的三维模型设计可显著提高产品研制效率,并为三维数字化制造奠定了坚实基础。     

新型星载信息处理与控制微系统设计

研究星载信息处理与控制系统利用微系统技术解决空间装备小型化、高可靠、高性能与高效热管理的问题。首先介绍基于新型星载器件的数据处理与控制系统架构,然后通过以晶圆级处理、芯片堆叠、微凸点制备与微组装等为核心的三维微纳集成技术,将系统核心硬件部分缩小为原尺寸的20%,从而大幅减少体积、尺寸和重量。利用高导热封装材料,解决空间电子系统高效热管理问题,提出一种新型星载信息处理与控制微系统设计和实现的通用解决方案,并通过半实物仿真验证了在小型化、高可靠、高性能与高效热管理方面的优势。     

Influence of different data fusion methods on the accuracy of three-dimensional displacements field

Combining multi-source data can improve the accuracy and the spatial resolution of the three-dimensional (3-D) displacements field. How to effectively integrate multi-source data to obtain high-precision and high spatial resolution 3-D displacements field is worthy of further study. The stochastic model and fusion model of integrating multi-source data affect the accuracy of data fusion. In this paper, based on the least squares method, the effects of different stochastic models and data fusion models on the 3-D displacements field’s accuracy are studied. The optimal method for estimating large-scale 3-D displacements field from integrated InSAR, leveling and GPS measurements is obtained. Then we realize the integrating InSAR, leveling and GPS measurements to obtain the high-precision 3-D displacements velocity field in Tianjin (China) from 2016 to 2018. The results are validated with GPS measurements at 6 independent stations, with the root mean squares (RMS) residuals of the discrepancies being 2.39 mm/yr, 2.54 mm/yr and 2.83 mm/yr in eastern, northern and vertical directions, respectively. By comparing different stochastic models, the 3-D displacements field obtained from multi-source data is optimized by the variance component estimation-least squares method, which is better than weighted least squares (WLS) method. By comparing different data fusion models, the accuracy of the horizontal displacements velocity is better than that of interpolated GPS results. The horizontal displacements component has a great influence on the vertical displacements velocity accuracy in the process of acquiring the 3-D displacements velocity by integrating InSAR, GPS and leveling measurements. This study provides a reference method for integrating multi-source data to obtain 3-D displacements field. This method effectively utilizes the advantages of GPS, InSAR and leveling measurements, and extends the limitations of single technical in describing surface-time scale applications. The 3-D displacements information with a large spatial scale and high spatial resolution provide a reliable data basis for studying the crustal movement and its dynamic mechanism.     

Satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning using BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 multi-frequency signals

To realize the smooth transition from regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) to the global one (BDS-3), the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3 is important for providing continuous, stable and reliable positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services for global users. This work used 154 globally distributed multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) experiment stations spanning 30 days to analyze the satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning (UC-PPP) under current BDS-2 and BDS-3 constellations. We focused on three issues: the influence of BDS-3 receiver tracking abilities, the positioning performance among different areas, and the benefit of multi-frequency observations. The results show that the elliptical zone caused by poor BDS-2 satellite visibility is disappeared when the evenly distributed BDS-3 medium earth orbit satellites are introduced. When BDS-3 are integrated with BDS-2, the area with the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) less than 2 can be expanded to 75° S-75° N and 30° E-150° W. The positioning performance of BDS-3 and BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP are seriously affected by the receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3 signals. When the maximum pseudo-random noise sequences (PRNs) of BDS-3 satellites tracked by stations are within 30 or 37, the positioning accuracy of static UC-PPP can be improved by 22.94% or 8.27% due to the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3. Besides, the most improvement of BDS-2 and BDS-3 integration is achieved in Asia-Pacific regions, especially for the kinematic UC-PPP or the poor receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3. Similar to the multi-frequency BDS-2 UC-PPP, the benefit of multi-frequency signals for BDS-3 or BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP is also non-vital. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy of BDS-2/BDS-3 multi-frequency UC-PPP in static mode and kinematic mode are 2.24 cm and 5.39 cm, while the corresponding convergence time are 49.62 min and 73.80 min, respectively. Compared with BDS-2, both the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of BDS-2/BDS-3 joint UC-PPP are improved by approximately over 50%, which indicates that BDS-3 has a great potential to provide high-quality PNT services as other global navigation satellite systems.     

基于改进YOLOv3网络的遥感目标快速检测方法

针对将来卫星在轨实时目标检测需求,且在其内存和算力都受限的条件下,提出一种改进的YOLOv3,利用轻量化网络代替YOLOv3的特征提取网络,实现遥感目标的高效检测。在目标检测精度相近的情况下,改进模型参数相比原先降低了1.5倍,计算量降低了3.3倍。同时提出了一种基于交并比的迭代聚类算法,分别在YOLOv3和改进YOLOv3上实现了7.0%和2.3%的平均精度均值(mAP)提升。实验表明:改进模型的检测速度最快能达到101 frame/s,当其mAP比YOLOv3高6%时,检测速度仍是YOLOv3的1.6倍。本文提出的改进YOLOv3是一种高效遥感目标检测方法,为未来星上应用打下基础。     

基于3-DDS和分数时延的卫星导航信号模拟方法*

提出一种基于3-DDS和分数时延的卫星导航信号模拟方法,结合DDS和分数时延滤波器的优点,用于实现高精度、高动态的时延控制,与传统时延控制方法相比,具有时延稳定性好、通道一致性易于控制、资源耗费少的特点。     

多航天器反步滑模SO(3)协同控制

针对多航天器系统的姿态协同控制问题，基于特殊正交群(Special Orthogonal Group, SO(3))提出了滑模协同控制设计方法。结合有向通信拓扑，建立了多航天器SO(3)姿态模型。在此基础上研究了SO(3)上协同误差形式，提出了适用于协同控制器构造的SO(3)指令设计方法。为了解决姿态奇异问题，根据SO(3)姿态特性引入补偿项并设计了相应的滑模面，进一步采用反步法完成了SO(3)协同控制器设计，同时给出稳定性分析过程。提出的反步滑模方法保证了协同控制器在整个姿态空间内的适用性，使得多航天器系统能够实现稳定的姿态协同。文中采用两组多航天器系统仿真校验了所提协同方法的有效性。