Path visualization: a method for objective measurement of spatial visualization

ABSTRACT

The ability to mentally represent spatial information is a fundamental cognitive process. To many people, this process feels a bit like visual perception, hence the term ‘spatial visualization’. In this paper, we describe a method for measuring the accuracy of spatial visualization, specifically visualization of a complex path in imaginary space. A critical feature of this method (called Path Visualization) is that it relies on the detection of intersections in a visualized path. Intersection detection is an inherently spatial task that requires a spatial representation. In this paper, we show how the Path Visualization method works, and how it can be customized to address several key research issues in human spatial cognition.     

关于混合单调算子的耦合拟不动点

在Banach空间中引入强锥弱紧集等概念，讨论了不连续的混合单调算子的耦合拟不动点存在性问题，得到了更一般性的结果。     

A closed-form nonlinear model for spatial Timoshenko beam flexure hinge with circular cross-section

Beam flexure hinges can achieve accurate motion and force control through the elastic deformation. This paper presents a nonlinear model for uniform and circular cross-section spatial beam flexure hinges which are commonly employed in compliant parallel mechanisms. The proposed beam model takes shear deformations into consideration and hence is applicable to both slender and thick beam flexure hinges. Starting from the first principles, the nonlinear strain measure is derived using beam kinematics and expressed in terms of translational displacements and rotational angles. Second-order approximation is employed in order to make the nonlinear strain within acceptable accuracy. The natural boundary conditions and nonlinear governing equations are derived in terms of rotational Euler angles and subsequently solved for combined end loads. The resulting end load-displacement model, which is compact and closed-form, is proved to be accurate for both slender and thick beam flexure using nonlinear finite element analysis. This beam model can provide designers with more design insight of the spatial beam flexure and thus will benefit the structural design and optimization of compliant manipulators.     

一类柔性宏刚性微空间机器人广义动力学高效率建模研究

研究了一类柔性宏刚性微空间机器人广义高效递推动力学建模算法。介绍了利用空间 算子代数进行对刚柔混合欠驱动系统的描述方法。根据系统中铰链的驱动情况分别对铰链定 义 为主动铰和被动铰,通过铰链的类型以及判断是刚性体或者柔性体,分别按照两次从系统的 顶端到基座的顺序、一次从基座到顶端的顺序进行了系统铰接体惯量的递推、系统冗余力的 递推、广义加速度和广义主动力的递推。通过上述三种方式的递推过程建立了柔性宏刚性微 空间机器人广义递推动力学模型,实现了高效率O（n）次的计算效率。最后通过软 件仿真验证了本研究内容的正确性和高效性。
     

空间光学遥感运动模糊仿真方法研究

空间光学遥感作为一个动态的成像过程,像物曝光时间内的相对运动必然会导致成像的模糊,因此在遥感成像链路仿真模型中必然要考虑运动模糊的影响。文章将运动类型分为线性运动和简谐运动两种,并且根据成像过程中器件积分时间和简谐运动周期的比值大小将简谐运动分成高频、低频不同情况来处理。文章指出严格意义上运动模糊具有空间移变的性质,最终根据积分时间同简谐运动的频率提出一种TDICCD运动模糊的仿真方法,可为后续全链路仿真提供参考。     

基于模糊评价与GIOWA算子的技术风险评估方法

将不确定多属性决策方法应用到风险评估当中,给出了一种定性与定量相结合的飞行器型号研制项目技术风险评估方法.采用基于广义导出的有序加权平均(GIOWA,Generally Induced Ordered Weighted Averaging)算子的模糊综合评价系统去处理风险评估中的专家语言信息,通过对风险概率与后果的分别量化并结合风险矩阵确定单个技术风险事件等级,从而进一步获得整个项目的风险状况.结合一个航空研制项目分系统的风险评估实例,阐述了方法的详细实施步骤与实用性,为型号研制过程中技术风险评估工作的开展提供了一种方法.      

卫星在轨太阳辐射热流的简化计算方法

针对卫星在轨太阳辐射热流计算过程中计算参数多,计算过程复杂的问题,提出了一种简化的计算方法。该方法在分析卫星、地球和太阳三者之间空间几何关系的基础上,建立了新的计算坐标系,在计算坐标系中对卫星、地球和太阳的位置进行了重新规定,并在此坐标系中推导了卫星太阳辐射热流的计算公式。运用此方法对卫星太阳辐射热流进行分析求解时,轨道参数之间的空间角度关系更为简单,仅需对7个主要参数进行计算,与传统方法相比较计算量减少了约2/3。     

基于快速极坐标格式算法的MIMO雷达虚拟孔径成像

针对共址多输入多输出（Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO）雷达在单次快拍下的虚拟孔径成像问题,分析了MIMO雷达虚拟合成阵列,建立了MIMO雷达极坐标格式波数域回波模型,分析了基于距离向和方位向尺度变换的空间谱转化,指出MIMO雷达方位向尺度变换不再是Keystone变换,提出了一种新的MIMO雷达快速极坐标格式成像算法。仿真表明了该文方法的有效性。     

Spectral line broadening by relativistic electrons in plasmas: Collision operator

In the present work we compute the real part of the impact collision operator for the electron broadening of ion lines in plasmas, taking into account relativistic effects in the dynamics of the perturbing electron. Specifically two relativistic effects are included: The modification of the trajectory due to non-Newtonian mechanics and the modification of the velocity distribution (Maxwell–Juttner). The results are compared to the non-relativistic case.     

超/亚声速混合层油雾特征

为了获得超/亚声速混合层的油雾特征,开展了试验和数值计算研究。借助粒子图像测速系统的脉冲曝光拍摄功能得到混合层内油雾分布及油滴粒径大小,采用商用Fluent软件模拟混合层内油雾运动并获得油滴粒径分布特征。结果表明,沿着流向油雾空间分布包括横向射流区（含横向破碎段与卷吸转向段）,和混合层区（含剪切破碎段和跟随运动段）。流向截面油雾分布由近似圆形发展为椭圆形。油雾粒径分布中,Sauter平均粒径（SMD）由初始400μm降低至65μm,横向破碎段和剪切破碎段为SMD减小的主要区域。超/亚声速混合层内较大的速度梯度对燃油液滴的破碎雾化有较强的促进作用,尤其对于大颗粒油滴。