异型封闭腔辐射几何学问题

讨论了解决异型封闭腔辐射几何学问题的几种方法:异型封闭腔内,表面间可见性的判断方法;优化异型封闭腔角系数计算的方法;确定异型封闭腔内定向辐射的壁面辐射源的方法.计算了两种结构喷管封闭腔内的角系数,并从角系数的互换性和完整性定理验证了方法的正确性和有效性,为异型封闭腔的辐射计算解决了几何问题.     

脉冲式转速表的设计,校验与应用

本文就航空发动机转速测量技术状态进行了简要分析,对适用于超轻型飞机的具有原理、结构简单,造价低等优点的“脉冲式转速表”的设计、校验等进行了详细的论述,并对该原理的推广应用进行了分析讨论。     

Transition region line-shifts in the rebound shock spicule model

Spectral emission lines created in the solar chromosphere — corona transition region show net red-shifts. It has been proposed that this may be the result of the return of spicular material. We simulate a spicule numerically using the rebound shock model and find that the resulting hydrodynamic evolution leads to a perceived up-flow in transition region spectral lines even though the average velocity in the line forming region is directed downward. The explanation for this apparent paradox is found in the correlation between density and velocity in the waves generated by the rebound shock spicule.     

高能固体推进剂燃速压力指数的分析

本文根据双基系列推进剂的发展与演变,在实验的基础上分析了影响CMDB推进剂燃速压力指数的各种因素并推论了降低高能固体推进剂压力指数的具体措施,这些讨论对于新一代硝酸酯增塑的聚醚聚氨酯推进剂燃烧性能的研究具有指导意义.     

低浸渗压力制备短纤维增强铝硅合金复合材料

利用液态浸渗技术制备了氧化铝纤维增强铝基复合材料。结果表明，在低压下使液态合金浸渗纤维预制件制备铝基复合材料是可行的，在浸渗过程中，液态合金的温度对浸渗压力有较大影响。所制备的复合材料组织均匀，基体中的共晶组织可依附在纤维表面形核生长。     

双模态冲压发动机高超进气道的实验研究

设计了侧压角为6°,后掠角45°,斜楔板压缩角分别为4°和8°的两套带隔离段的高超三维侧压式进气道,通过风洞实验研究了来流马赫数、出口反压、斜楔板压缩角以及隔离段等对进气道性能的影响.实验结果表明,在高来流马赫数及较小的斜楔板压缩角时,进气道的流量系数、总压恢复系数较高.总增压比在不同斜楔板压缩角时基本保持不变.     

周向总压畸变对多级轴流压气机稳定性影响的逐级模拟方法

介绍了1种分析进口总压畸变对多级轴流压气机特性影响的逐级模拟方法。应用该方法对J85-13压气机的进口总压畸变进行了分析,并对压气机在稳态和畸变情况下特性的逐级模拟计算结果进行了详细的数值分析,讨论了压气机的失稳关键级以及有效进气攻角对多级轴流压气机特性的影响。计算结果与试验结果的比较表明,该模拟方法是合理可行的。     

六类高超声速激波-激波干扰的数值模拟研究

基于粘性全N-S方程，利用有限体积法进行数值离散，对Ⅰ到Ⅵ六种类型的激波一激波干扰现象进行了数值模拟，其中采用了二阶Harten-TVD格式，LU隐式算法以及Baldwin-Lomax代数湍流模型。每种类型都得到了清晰的干扰流场结构，其中Ⅳ型干扰的模拟结果与实验结果进行了比较，符合较好。数值模拟结果的对比指出，由入射位置差异引起的不同类型激波-激波干扰结构有很大不同，对壁面压强分布的影响也存在较大差异。     

Evolution of the Protosolar Nebula and Formation of the Giant Planets

The formation of planetary systems is intimately tied to the question of the evolution of the gas and solid material in the early nebula. Current models of evolution of circumstellar disks are reviewed here with emphasis on the so-called “alpha models” in which angular momentum is transported outward by turbulent viscosity, parameterized by an dimensionless parameter α. A simple 1D model of protoplanetary disks that includes gas and embedded particles is used to introduce key questions on planetesimal formation. This model includes the aerodynamic properties of solid ice and rock grains to calculate their migration and growth. We show that the evolution of the nebula and migration and growth of its solids proceed on timescales that are generally not much longer than the timescale necessary to fully form the star-disk system from the molecular cloud. Contrary to a widely used approach, planet formation therefore can neither be studied in a static nebula nor in a nebula evolving from an arbitrary initial condition. We propose a simple approach to both account for sedimentation from the molecular cloud onto the disk, disk evolution and migration of solids. Giant planets have key roles in the history of the forming Solar System: they formed relatively early, when a significant amount of hydrogen and helium were still present in the nebula, and have a mass that is a sizable fraction of the disk mass at any given time. Their composition is also of interest because when compared to the solar composition, their enrichment in elements other than hydrogen and helium is a witness of sorting processes that occured in the protosolar nebula. We review likely scenarios capable of explaining both the presence of central dense cores in Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune and their global composition. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

高雷诺数时串列双圆柱脉动压力的实验研究

本文通过风洞实验给出了二维串列双圆柱在高雷诺数时(分别为Re=3.25×10~5和Re=6.5×10~5)的脉动压力分布。实验在低湍流度的均匀流中进行,模型表面光滑。实验结果表明:在这二种分别属于高亚临界和低超临界雷诺数下,串列双圆柱不同间距比时的脉动压力分布差别很大。Re=3.25×10~5时前后圆柱间的相互干扰对圆柱表面脉动压力分布的影响要比Re=6.5×10~5时大得多,而且二者干扰的规律和特性也截然不同。