Some implications of high luminosity and fast variability in active galactic nuclei

An analysis of the variability timescale against bolometric luminosity for Active Galactic Nuclei shows that a number of sources violate the Eddington limit. The average ratio (L/L_E) is found to change according to group classification. Whilst Seyfert Galaxies have luminosites well within the Eddington limit, Quasars and BL Lac object tend to approach and exceed this limit. Furthermore, BL Lac objects may be further subdivided on the basis of their (L/L_E) ratio. The data on luminosity and variability timescale indicate the existence of two types of active galaxies, one having highly anisotropic emission, probably collimated into jets with pointing angles within few degrees to the line of sight, and the other relating to isotropic emission of photons from the nuclear region. The results are discussed in the light of the high γ-ray luminosity suggested by recent observations of active galaxies.     

空间物体的若干法律问题研究

对空间物体的概念、特征进行了研究，探讨了空间物体与空间碎片以及航空航天物体之间的关系，从而明确了空间物体的内涵与外延。此外，对空间物体发射国和空间物体的登记制度进行了研究，提出区分不同情况确定发射国和通过协议划分损害赔偿责任的创新观点。     

基于航线对象的五边进近调配程序模型研究

针对进近管制飞行密集、潜在冲突多、调配难度大的特点,提出一种智能化的调配程序研究方法。将五边调配程序分解为基本的飞行程序,并引入航线对象的概念,结合五边进近飞行特点建立调配程序的参数模型。通过模型计算得到关键位置点及飞行控制参数信息,同时生成飞行路径,综合全部信息即得到完整的调配方案,能够为实际管制工作提供参考和服务。计算机仿真结果证明了理论方法的可行性。     

Mission feasibility analysis on deflecting Earth-crossing objects using a power limited laser ablating spacecraft

This paper analyzes several mission capabilities to deflect Earth-crossing objects (ECOs) using a conceptual future spacecraft with a power limited laser ablating tool. A constrained optimization problem is formulated based on nonlinear programming with a three-dimensional patched conic method. System dynamics are also established, considering the target ECO’s orbit as being continuously perturbed by limited laser power. The required optimal operating duration and operating angle history of the laser ablating tool are computed for various types of ECOs to avoid an Earth impact. The available final warning time is also determined with a given limited laser power. As a result, detailed laser operating behaviors are presented and discussed, which include characteristics of operating duration and angle variation histories in relation to the operation’s start time and target object’s properties. The calculated durations of the optimal laser operation are also compared to those estimated with first-order approximations previous studies. It is discovered that the duration of the laser operation estimated with first-order approximations could result in up to about 50% error if the operation is started at the final warning time. The laser operation should be started as early as possible because an early start requires a short operating duration with a small operating angle variation. The mission feasibility demonstrated in the present study will give various insights into preparing future deflection missions using power limited spacecraft with a laser ablation tool.     

Classification of Geostationary Objects

This paper lists all geostationary and near-geostationary objects contained in ESA's DISCOS database.     

Modeling and identification of an electro-mechanical system: The LISA grabbing positioning and release mechanism case

In the frame of space missions, mechanisms often constitute critical systems whose functionality and performance need to be tested on ground before the mission launch. The LISA scientific space mission will detect gravitational waves by measuring the relative displacement of pairs of free-floating test masses set into geodesic motion onboard of three spacecrafts. Inside each satellite, the injection of the test masses from the caged configuration into the geodesic trajectory will be performed by the grabbing positioning and release mechanism. To provide a successful injection, the test masses must be dynamically released with a minimal residual velocity against adhesion with the holding device. A parameter that determines the test mass residual velocity is the quickness of the retraction of the holding device. The need arises then to characterize the dynamic response of the release mechanism in order to predict its behaviour in the in-flight conditions. Once a validated model of the mechanism is available, the compliance of the system to the tight requirement on the maximum allowed residual velocity of the test mass may be verified. Starting from an electro-mechanical model of the mechanism dynamics, this paper presents the results of the experimental identification of its relevant parameters.     

米波双基地雷达超高声速目标检测方法研究

针对传统探测方法对临近空间超高声速目标探测存在探测概率低,技术难度大等问题,理论分析了利用双基地雷达探测临近空间超高声速目标的问题,着重讨论了临近空间目标不同周期回波包络的跨距离单元走动问题,并分别从时域和频域作出解释.通过理论分析,提出应用keystone（楔形）变换解决上述问题,实现双基地雷达多脉冲积累.最后,通过MATLAB平台进行仿真实验,验证了基于keystone变换改进检测方法的准确性和可行性.     

基于单目视觉的空间非合作目标相对运动参数估计

提出了一种估计空间非合作目标相对运动参数的单目视觉方法,该方法将相对运动参数估计问题描述为一个非线性约束优化问题．通过迭代求解特征值问题来确定基本矩阵,将基本矩阵分解可得到相对运动参数的4个可能解,给出了消除旋转矩阵多义解的简单判断准则．数值仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性．