冷热两股气流在圆管内掺混的速度场、温度场与辐射通量场的数值方法

用数值方法求解冷热两股轴对称平行射流在圆管内掺混的流场、温度场和辐射通量场。计算采用一种通用性的数值方法,其特点是强烈地以物理本质为基础,而不仅仅是单纯的数学推导。这样做,能方便地分析和解释计算结果,使之更真实地接近于实际。 通过计算,分析了当引射系数改变时,掺混的流场,温度场和辐射通量场的变化规律,其结果与实验数据比较一致。     

Modelling of the electromagnetic field in the interplanetary space and in the Earth's magnetosphere

A magnetohydrodynamic model of the solar wind flow is constructed using a kinematic approach. It is shown that a phenomenological conductivity of the solar wind plasma plays a key role in the forming of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) component normal to the ecliptic plane. This component is mostly important for the magnetospheric dynamics which is controlled by the solar wind electric field. A simple analytical solution for the problem of the solar wind flow past the magnetosphere is presented. In this approach the magnetopause and the Earth's bow shock are approximated by the paraboloids of revolution. Superposition of the effects of the bulk solar wind plasma motion and the magnetic field diffusion results in an incomplete screening of the IMF by the magnetopause. It is shown that the normal to the magnetopause component of the solar wind magnetic field and the tangential component of the electric field penetrated into the magnetosphere are determined by the quarter square of the magnetic Reynolds number. In final, a dynamic model of the magnetospheric magnetic field is constructed. This model can describe the magnetosphere in the course of the severe magnetic storm. The conditions under which the magnetospheric magnetic flux structure is unstable and can drive the magnetospheric substorm are discussed. The model calculations are compared with the observational data for September 24–26, 1998 magnetic storm (Dst _min=−205 nT) and substorm occurred at 02:30 UT on January 10, 1997. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

高负荷跨声速压气机动静叶干扰下叶片气动负荷研究

通过数值方法模拟了某型高负荷跨声速压气机在工作点的非定常流场，对级内动静叶的气动干扰进行了深入分析。通过气动力和力矩的变化对动静叶干扰下的叶片非定常气动负荷进行了详细的分析，研究了尾迹和势流干扰下叶片气动负荷的变化规律，结合频谱分析进一步认识了气动负荷各周期分量，研究结果有助于对高负荷压气机内动静叶非定常气动干扰的认识。     

突扩后突缩的三维流场计算

根据有关固体火箭发动机装药后端到喷管间的空间特征,对三维突扩后突缩内部流场计算进行了探索和研究。计算中成功地应用了SIMPLE算法解决复杂的三维流场计算问题,并在初场构成、源项离散及松弛系数的选取等方面都进行了调试改进。通过建立计算模型、划分网格、对方程及边界条件离散化和非线性处理,以及线性方程组求解等,计算得到了符合物理规律的数值解,指出了空间涡及二次涡的存在。     

三维侧面突扩燃烧室冷态气流场的数值模拟

本文对四侧30°进气并带有进气管道和尾喷口的突扩燃烧室冷态气流场进行了数值模拟.对这种复杂非规则边界的计算区域,首次采用分段算法进行计算.结果表明:分段算法可以提高网络利用率,缩短机时,消除虚假扩散,提高计算准确度,计算结果与试验结果基本符合.     

大攻角非对称流动的非定常弱扰动控制

 研制了一种新的大攻角细长旋成体非对称涡的主动控制技术, 即在细长旋成体头部施加非定常弱扰动来控制头部非对称背涡。应用七孔探针测量的空间截面流场揭示了非定常控制下非对称涡变成对称涡的流态特征。测力试验研究结果表明该方法不仅能完全消除背涡的非对称性及其产生的侧向力, 并且有效控制攻角范围从30b直到80b。     

Relationship Between Substorm Auroras and Processes in the Near-Earth Magnetotail

Although the auroral substorm has been long regarded as a manifestation of the magnetospheric substorm, a direct relation of active auroras to certain magnetospheric processes is still debatable. To investigate the relationship, we combine the data of the UV imager onboard the Polar satellite with plasma and magnetic field measurements by the Geotail spacecraft. The poleward edge of the auroral bulge, as determined from the images obtained at the LHBL passband, is found to be conjugated with the region where the oppositely directed fast plasma flows observed in the near-Earth plasma sheet during substorms are generated. We conclude that the auroras forming the bulge are due to the near-Earth reconnection process. This implies that the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge is equal to the flux dissipated in the magnetotail during the substorm. Comparison of the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge with the magnetic flux accumulated in the tail lobe during the growth phase shows that these parameters have the comparable values. This is a clear evidence of the loading–unloading scheme of substorm development. It is shown that the area of the auroral bulge developing during substorm is proportional to the total (magnetic plus plasma) pressure decrease in the magnetotail. These findings stress the importance of auroral bulge observations for monitoring of substorm intensity in terms of the magnetic flux and energy dissipation.     

冲压增程弹丸进气道特性分析

采用块结构网格与二阶精度流场分区求解技术，对固体火箭冲压发动机增程弹丸超声速进气道特性进行了深入研究。通过数值模拟得到了对应于不同来流马赫数和攻角情况下，临界工况时，超声速进气道内外粘性流场复杂的波系结构，详细分析了来流马赫数和攻角对进气道性能的影响。结果显示，随着来流马赫数的增大，总压恢复系数显著降低，流量系数增大，同时随着来流攻角的增大，总压恢复系数及流量系数逐渐降低，而流场畸变指数则明显增大。     

Type II Solar Radio Bursts: Theory and Space Weather Implications

Recent data and theory for type II solar radio bursts are reviewed, focusing on a recent analytic quantitative theory for interplanetary type II bursts. The theory addresses electron reflection and acceleration at the type II shock, formation of electron beams in the foreshock, and generation of Langmuir waves and the type II radiation there. The theory's predictions as functions of the shock and plasma parameters are summarized and discussed in terms of space weather events. The theory is consistent with available data, has explanations for radio-loud/quiet coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and why type IIs are bursty, and can account for empirical correlations between type IIs, CMEs, and interplanetary disturbances. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

某核心机出口整流支板设计和流场分析

采用CFD（计算流体力学）软件CFX－TASCflow对某核心机出口整流支板流场进行了数值模拟，根据对全三维计算结果的分析，优化了支板叶型和流道，完成了支板设计。数值模拟结果表明，CFX－TASCflow是一个先进、有效的叶轮机设计、分析软件。