稳态等离子体推力器磁场设计与数值分析

首先分析了稳态等离子体推力器性能对磁场的要求，据此介绍了磁路系统的工程设计原则和方法；然后，采用ANSYS大型有限元分析软件对一个具体的稳态等离子体推力器在额定工况下的磁场进行了计算，获得了满意的结果，通过对结果的分析获得了对有关现象的直观深入的认识，为所计算具体推力器的改进设计提供了线索；同时，也证实了以ANSYS为软件平台的稳态等离子体推力器磁路系统计算机数值仿真辅助设计的可行性和有效性。     

加油机尾流场建模与仿真分析

提出了等效气动效应法,建立了加油机尾流场的等效扰动模型。等效气动效应法采用逐点积分方法和加权平均方法,将尾流的影响等效为受油机运动方程直接可用的平均风速度和风梯度。对不同状态下受油机所受尾流的扰动作用进行了仿真。结果表明,扰动模型与实际情况比较符合。     

边界层流动的非平行稳定性研究

采用极为有效的抛物化稳定性方程（PSE）方法研究边界民支的非平行稳定性。并利用抛物线坐标变换、有限远延拓边界条件、及流向和法向全差分的数值方法，对不同频率的二维Tollmien-Schichting波的非平行稳定尾进行了计算和分析，计算结果与Orr-Sommerfeld方程（OES）的解以及谱配置方法的PSE结果作了详细的比较，得到了满意的结果。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

基于干扰观测器的新一代歼击机鲁棒飞行逆控制器设计

基于干扰观测器设计了新一代歼击机的鲁棒飞行逆控制器。根据时标分离的原则，将机动飞机分为快慢不同的回路。采用动态逆方法设计了快回路和慢回路控制器，并在慢回路用干扰观测器估计飞机所受的扰动，同时，用于在线补偿动态逆误差。仿真结果表明，该设计合理。     

基于虚拟目标点制导的误差分析

基于标准弹道确定的虚拟目标点位置在弹道小扰动的情况下能够确保闭路制导的精度,但是在弹道大扰动时,虚拟目标点位置修正误差变大,能否保证闭路制导的精度值得探讨。通过给弹道一个大扰动进行了弹道仿真,结果表明,弹道大扰动会引起闭路制导的方法误差变大。     

磁场对冷镱原子光钟稳定度影响的仿真分析

在光晶格钟运行时，不停起伏的杂散磁场会引入一阶塞曼频移和二阶塞曼频移，从而影响光晶格钟的频率不稳定度。此外，突变的磁场可能导致激光频率参考到钟跃迁频率的伺服闭环过程发生不可恢复的失锁，从而阻碍光钟的持续运行。在实验中，光钟进行频率闭环锁定前，通常通过控制三维线圈对光钟主腔中心原子处的杂散磁场进行补偿。首先使用三维磁强计，对真空主腔附近的磁场进行监测和记录，以分析杂散磁场对光钟性能的影响。然后利用正态分布模型和二项分布模型等，对光钟频率伺服锁定过程的阿伦偏差进行仿真拟合。在引入实际磁场监测数据的基础上，模拟光钟频率的伺服锁定过程，分析其仿真结果可以得出：减小杂散磁场起伏和控制磁场漂移，在提高冷镱原子光钟的短期稳定性和长期稳定性方面具有重要意义。     

Eruptive prominences as sources of magnetic clouds in the solar wind

Large amounts of coronal material are propelled outward into interplanetary space by Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). Thus one might expect to find evidence for expanding flux ropes in the solar wind as well. To prove this assumption magnetic clouds were analyzed and correlated with H-observations of disappearing filaments. When clouds were found to be directly associated with a disappearing filament, the magnetic structure of the cloud was compared with that of the associated filament. Additionally the expansion of magnetic clouds was examined over a wide range of the heliosphere and compared with the expansion observed for erupting prominences.     

Observations of loops and prominences

We review recent observations by the Yohkoh-SXT in collaboration with other spacecraft and ground-based observatories of coronal loops and prominences. These new results point to problems that SoHO will be able to address. With a unique combination of rapid-cadence digital imaging (32 s full-disk and 2 s partial-frame images), high spatial resolution (2.5 arcsec pixels), high sensitivity (EM 10⁴² cm^–3), a low-scatter mirror, and large dynamic range, SXT can observe a vast range of targets on the Sun. Over the first 21 months of Yohkoh operations, SXT has taken over one million images of the corona and so is building up an invaluable long-term database on the large-scale corona and loop geometry. The most striking thing about the SXT images is the range of loop sizes and shapes. The active regions are a bright tangle of magnetic field lines, surrounded by a network of large-scale quiet-Sun loops stretching over distances in excess of 10⁵ km. The cross-section of most loops seems to be constant. Loops displaying significant increase in the ratio of the footpoint to loop-top diameter () are the exception, not the rule, implying the presence of widespread currents in the corona.All magnetic structures show changes. Time scales range from seconds to months. The question of how these structures are formed, become filled with hot plasma, and are maintained is still open. While we see the propagation of brightenings along the length of active-region loops and in X-ray jets with velocities of several hundred km/s, much higher velocities are seen in the quiet Sun. In XBP flares, for example, velocities of over 1000 km/s are common. Active-region loops seem to be in constant motion, moving slowly outward, carrying plasma with them. During flares, loops often produce localized brightenings at the base and later at the apex of the loop. Quiescent filaments and prominences have been observed regularly. Their coronal manifestation seems to be an extended arcade of loops overlying the filament. Reliable alignment of the ground-based data with the X-ray images make it possible to make a detailed intercomparison of the hot and cold plasma structures over extended periods. Hence we are able to follow the long-term evolution of these structures and see how they become destabilized and erupt.     

三维扰动波在局部粗糙边界层中的稳定性研究

采用局部喷、吸、喷和吸组合来模拟局部粗糙壁面,数值计算获得稳定的三维边界层的基本流.在此基础上研究了三维扰动波在该基本流中的空间演化问题,讨论了局部粗糙的形式、分布结构对三维扰动波的幅值增长率及流动稳定性影响.计算结果表明:三维局部粗糙对三维扰动波的增长、涡的形成都起着激励的作用.扰动波演化产生的平均流修正及局部粗糙诱导展向速度的存在,影响着流体运动稳定性.与光滑壁面相比,三维局部粗糙作用下扰动波的传播角度与相位角发生明显变化,而不同形式的二维局部粗糙壁面边界层显示出不同的稳定特性.