各向异性磁流体激波跃变关系的无量纲化求解

用无量纲化方法，推出了各向压力异性等离子体中磁流体激波跃变条件及其解析解的一种普遍而简单的形式，并讨论了它在各向同性等离子体中各种特殊情况下的结果．     

1980年5月21日—22日耀斑后冕拱(Post-flare coronal arch)的加热机制和稳定性

本文提出了快撕裂模加热是1980年5月21日—22日耀斑后冕拱长达10多小时的有效加热机制。作者计算了撕裂模所提供的能量和相应的增长率,并讨论了该冕拱的MHD平衡和稳定性问题,主要结论如下:1.对5月21日冕拱,当密度取1.6×109cm-3（实测值）时,剪切宽度α_α=1.8×108cm（冕拱小半径的十分之一）剪切磁场为18—32×10-4T,所对应的增长率为1.79×10-5s-1—2.66×10-5s-1,不稳定的增长时间为15.5h—10.4h,这组解与观测到的冕拱存在10多小时相符。所以,撕裂模是冕拱合理的有效加热机制。2.该冕拱之所以维持10多小时之久,除撕裂模加热与辐射损失平衡外,在力学上必须处于平衡态,其平衡条件为B_φ（冕拱轴向磁场）=2B_θ（冕拱的环向场）,和气压梯度dp/dr大于零。若冕拱满足该力学平衡条件,则利用能量原理可得到该系统对腊肠扰动、扭曲扰动、螺旋扰动均是稳定的。      

脉冲磁流体发电技术研究进展

本文总结和阐述了现有脉冲磁流体发电机的类型及其国内外研究进展,同时对磁流体发电过程中的关键技术和科学问题(近电极压降、边界层分离、Hartmann效应、发电系统建模、性能分析、高磁雷诺数、强电磁效应、阻抗匹配等)进行了综述总结,以期掌握磁流体动力学行为及能量转化机理,提升发电机性能,并介绍了在航空航天领域的三种主要应用方式：磁流体能量旁路、超燃冲压发动机驱动的磁流体发电及表面磁流体发电。最后，对脉冲磁流体发电技术研究的发展趋势进行了总结和展望,旨在对其实用化进程提供指导和借鉴意义。     

Small-scale solar jet formation and their associated waves and instabilities

Studies on small-scale jets’ formation, propagation, evolution, and role, such as type I and II spicules, mottles, and fibrils in the lower solar atmosphere’s energetic balance, have progressed tremendously thanks to the combination of detailed observations and sophisticated mathematical modelling. This review provides a survey of the current understanding of jets, their formation in the solar lower atmosphere, and their evolution from observational, numerical, and theoretical perspectives. First, we review some results to describe the jet properties, acquired numerically, analytically and through high-spatial and temporal resolution observations. Further on, we discuss the role of hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic instabilities, namely Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities, in jet evolution and their role in the energy transport through the solar atmosphere in fully and partially ionised plasmas. Finally, we discuss several mechanisms of magnetohydrodynamic wave generation, propagation, and energy transport in the context of small-scale solar jets in detail. This review identifies several gaps in the understanding of small-scale solar jets and some misalignments between the observational studies and knowledge acquired through theoretical studies and numerical modelling. It is to be expected that these gaps will be closed with the advent of high-resolution observational instruments, such as Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope, Solar Orbiter, Parker Solar Probe, and Solar CubeSats for Linked Imaging Spectropolarimetry, combined with further theoretical and computational developments.