单自由度太阳帆板极月轨道月球卫星的初步热分析与热设计

对国外极月轨道月球卫星的热设计进行了概述,并以一个极月轨道月球卫星为例,介绍了采用单自由度太阳帆板技术的某极月轨道月球卫星.针对该卫星,对其奔月飞行和在极月轨道上环月运行时的外热流与空间散热问题进行分析,根据分析结果,初步提出了该卫星的热设计方案,重点对有效载荷热控问题, ±y侧仪器设备的热控问题,以及热控百叶窗的应用技术等进行了描述.     

月球卫星轨道设计优化

利用带谐项J2和J3对月球卫星轨道进行了优化设计．首先分析了月球卫星轨道摄动因素对轨道的影响，其次推导了对应于J2和J3项的冻结轨道计算公式，并通过对仅包含月球引力场模型的运动微分方程，直接积分计算轨道的变化进行了验证．最后，通过合理选择初始轨道的偏心率e0和近月点幅角ω0，对月球卫星极轨道进行了优化设计，给出了设计公式并进行了仿真．结果表明，这种优化设计方法是很有效的．     

Technology Progress Report for Microwave Remote Sensing

In this presentation, technological progress for China's microwave remote sensing is introduced. New developments of the microwave remote sensing instruments for China's lunar exploration satellite (Chang'E-1), meteorological satellite FY-3 and ocean dynamic measurement satellite (HY-2) are reported.     

A conceptual configuration of the lunar base bioregenerative life support system including soil-like substrate for growing plants

The paper presents a conceptual configuration of the lunar base bioregenerative life support system (LBLSS), including soil-like substrate (SLS) for growing plants. SLS makes it possible to combine the processes of plant growth and the utilization of plant waste. Plants are to be grown on SLS on the basis of 20 kg of dry SLS mass or 100 kg of wet SLS mass per square meter. The substrate is to be delivered to the base ready-made as part of the plant growth subsystem. Food for the crew was provided by prestored stock 24% and by plant growing system 76%. Total dry weight of the food is 631 g per day (2800 kcal/day) for one crew member (CM). The list of candidate plants to be grown under lunar BLSS conditions included 14 species: wheat, rice, soybean, peanuts, sweet pepper, carrots, tomatoes, coriander, cole, lettuce, radish, squash, onion and garlic. From the prestored stock the crew consumed canned fish, iodinated salt, sugar, beef sauce and seafood sauce. Our calculations show that to provide one CM with plant food requires the area of 47.5 m². The balance of substance is achieved by the removal dehydrated urine 59 g, feces 31 g, food waste 50 g, SLS 134 g, and also waters 86 g from system and introduction food 236 g, liquid potassium soap 4 g and mineral salts 120 g into system daily. To reduce system setup time the first plants could be sowed and germinated to a certain age on the Earth.     

Gamma-ray detector on board lunar mission Chang’E-1

Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) is included in the payload of Chinese first lunar mission Chang’E-1 that will be launched in 2007. Specific objectives of the GRS are to map abundance of O, Si, Fe, Ti, U, Th, K, and perhaps, Mg, Al, and Ca to depths of about 20 cm. There are remarkable advantages for GRS application to remote sensing elemental materials over the entire lunar surface: large effective area and good ability for background rejection. We will describe the design of GRS and present its performance in this paper. Moreover, the GRS calibration will also be introduced.     

RPC-MIP: the Mutual Impedance Probe of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium

The main objective of the Mutual Impedance Probe (MIP), part of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC), is to measure the electron density and temperature of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s coma, in particular inside the contact surface. Furthermore, MIP will determine the bulk velocity of the ionised outflowing atmosphere, define the spectral distribution of natural plasma waves, and monitor dust and gas activities around the nucleus. The MIP instrumentation consists of an electronics board for signal processing in the 7 kHz to 3.5 MHz range and a sensor unit of two receiving and two transmitting electrodes mounted on a 1-m long bar. In addition, the Langmuir probe of the RPC/LAP instrument that is at about 4 m from the MIP sensor can be used as a transmitter (in place of the MIP ones) and MIP as a receiver in order to have access to the density and temperature of plasmas at higher Debye lengths than those for which the MIP is originally designed.     

月球软着陆的时间最优安全着陆区搜索算法

以时间为最优参数,提出了一种模拟人类在月球软着陆过程中识别障碍物、选择安全着陆点的思维模式,利用高程图寻找安全着陆点的软着陆算法。综合考虑着陆器能容忍的障碍物高度、粗糙度、坡度和着陆器的水平机动距离,根据时间最优设计算法,计算简单、速度快、可靠性高。仿真结果表明了算法的正确性和可靠性。     

月球探测车转向系统动力学建模与分析

月球探测车在月球表面松软土壤上的转向动力学特性比较复杂。文章在已有的车辆地面力学成果的基础上 ,研究了探测车在松软的月球表面土壤上的转向动力学问题。给出了六轮月球探测车的四轮转向运动学计算公式 ,推导了探测车在松软土壤上的四轮转向动力学模型 ,提出了合理的简化方法 ,并对稳态特性进行了相应的分析。所得到的结果为探测车转向系统设计及控制算法研究提供了依据     

月球探测器发射机会分析

发射月球探测器实际上是使探测器与月球交会的问题,由于月球位置的变化,选择不同的交会日期相应的地月转移轨道是不相同的。文章分析了月球在一个恒星月内位置变化与相应的地月转移轨道升交点赤经和近地点幅角变化的关系,在这个基础上讨论了发射机会和发射窗口问题。     

探月卫星变轨时的姿态控制研究

基于伪速率调制器的原理,提出了利用脉宽调制器替代伪速率调制器 实现姿态控制的方法,并针对于三种不同干扰力矩,对探月飞行器变轨时的姿态 控制加以仿真。仿真结果表明,脉宽调制器在功能上可以代替伪速率调制器。