低轨卫星频谱感知的二维差值迭代分割

在低轨卫星通信系统中应用频谱感知技术,必须解决波束覆盖范围过大造成感知结果空间分辨率过低的问题.提出了二维差值迭代分割算法,利用地球自转引起的轨道面旋转方向,以及卫星行进方向上的波束重叠,经迭代计算获得波束下各子区域的频谱环境数据.经仿真表明此算法可以有效分割波束,并在6dB以上的信噪比条件下结合能量检测器准确定位主用户信号,从而满足低轨卫星通信系统的应用需求.     

基于混合蚁群算法的掩星星座优化设计

针对低地球轨道（LEO）卫星对全球卫星定位系统（GPS）卫星的掩星观测任务,在考虑LEO和GPS卫星几何关系及掩星观测天线视场的条件下,建立轨道模拟系统,对全球和区域内的掩星事件进行了模拟。对单颗卫星,用分离变量法讨论了卫星轨道参数对掩星事件数量和时空分辨率的影响,比较了大气层与电离层掩星事件的差别,并根据分析结果用混...     

高中低轨导航星座混合体制星间链路规划

针对北斗系统加入低轨增强星座后的高中低混合星座特点,为了满足下一代导航星座主要的星间链路业务需求,提出了一种分级规划的混合星座星间链路规划方案。优先为激光星间链路的MEO、LEO、MEO-LEO建立拓扑,基于此拓扑提出了时分体制的分组拓扑规划算法。针对导航星座高中低速混合星间网络不同体制的路由提出了2种不同的改进路由算法,并对混合体制星间链路进行了仿真和规划。对规划结果进行了统计分析,验证了混合网络规划方法的正确性和混合网络在低轨监测数据回传、层间数据传输、导航信息上注3个典型导航业务场景的数据传输效能。低轨监测数据回传和连续体制节点导航信息上注时延均在1s之内,在94%的时间里有5~8条层间星间链路,时分体制节点在92%的时间里可以在12s内完成上行注入,为下一代导航系统规划设计提供参考建议。     

Ka频段低轨遥感卫星可变编码调制应用效能研究

分辨率的不断提高对低轨遥感卫星的星地数据传输能力提升提出了迫切需求,导致X频段星地数传通道压力急剧增加,而Ka频段可用带宽是X频段的4倍,理论上可大幅提升传输能力。当前低轨遥感卫星的星地数据传输通常采用固定编码调制（CCM）和可变编码调制（VCM）,均未利用地面站仰角增大时大气衰减减小所带来的信道条件改善,对链路资源造成浪费。针对此问题,对指定地面站和链路可用度,综合考虑自由空间损耗和大气衰减随接收仰角增加而同时减小的特性,提出基于DVB S2标准的Ka频段星上VCM系统实现方案,给出传输效能评估标准,并对降雨特性不同的喀什站、北京站、三亚站CCM,VCM的Ka频段传输效能进行了对比仿真分析,以寻找出适合不同站点的星地数传方案。仿真结果表明：干旱少雨的喀什站更适合采用CCM,且链路可用度高达99.82%;雨量中等的北京站可根据用户使用需求灵活选择CCM或VCM;而降雨丰富的三亚站更适合采用VCM,不仅可将传输效能提升8.37%,还可将链路可用度提升11.23%。     

Integrating BDS and GPS for precise relative orbit determination of LEO formation flying

Low-Earth-Orbit(LEO) formation-flying satellites have been widely applied in many kinds of space geodesy. Precise Relative Orbit Determination(PROD) is an essential prerequisite for the LEO formation-flying satellites to complete their mission in space. The contribution of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS) to the accuracy and reliability of PROD of LEO formation-flying satellites based on a Global Positioning System(GPS) is studied using a simulation method. Firstly, when BDS is added to GPS, the mean number of visible satellites increases from9.71 to 21.58. Secondly, the results show that the 3-Dimensional(3 D) accuracy of PROD, based on BDS-only, GPS-only and BDS + GPS, is 0.74 mm, 0.66 mm and 0.52 mm, respectively. When BDS co-works with GPS, the accuracy increases by 29.73%. Geostationary-Earth-Orbit(GEO) satellites and Inclined Geosynchronous-Orbit(IGSO) satellites are only distributed over the Asia-Pacific region; however, they could provide a global improvement to PROD. The difference in PROD results between the Asia-Pacific region and the non-Asia-Pacific region is not apparent. Furthermore, the value of the Ambiguity Dilution Of Precision(ADOP), based on BDS + GPS, decreases by 7.50% and 8.26%, respectively, compared with BDS-only and GPS-only. Finally, if the relative position between satellites is only a few kilometres, the effect of ephemeris errors on PROD could be ignored. However, for a several-hundred-kilometre separation of the LEO satellites, the SingleDifference(SD) ephemeris errors of GEO satellites would be on the order of centimetres. The experimental results show that when IGSO satellites and Medium-Earth-Orbit(MEO) satellites co-work with GEO satellites, the accuracy decreases by 17.02%.     

Feasibility study of LEO,GEO and Molniya orbit based satellite solar power station for some identified sites in India

The analysis of satellite solar power station (SSPS) is carried out for some specified locations (Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Bengaluru) in India and consequently the performance of the system is evaluated for geostationary earth orbit (GEO) based SSPS, low earth orbit (LEO) based SSPS and Molniya (quasi geostationary) orbit based SSPS for sites located at different latitudes. The analysis of power; received energy over a year and weight of the rectenna array for the same beam intensity showed varied results for Molniya orbit based SSPS, LEO based SSPS and GEO based SSPS. The power delivered by the LEO SSPS was highest which indicated that this SSPS may be efficient for the short term power requirement. However, it is observed from the results of the energy received over a year that the GEO based system is suitable for base load power plant as it is capable of delivering constant energy through out a year. Further, the weight of the rectenna and hence the space required for ground station for same power output is smallest for Molniya orbit based system for a range of rectenna array radius considered. It is thus envisaged that the Molniya orbit based system would be a better choice for commercial use of SSPS. These findings may help for judicious selection of satellite orbit and ground station location for placing the satellite for SSPS for various applications.     

基于空间隔离的低轨卫星系统频谱共享方法

随着业务需求的全球性增长,传统低频波段有限的频谱资源已不能满足低轨（LEO）卫星的业务承载要求,采用Ka频段的LEO星座系统设计成为了主流。然而,采用Ka频段的LEO星座系统不可避免地会对同频段已经存在的静止轨道（GEO）卫星系统产生干扰。首先,通过基于空间隔离的干扰规避方法,采用对LEO与GEO的频谱共用系统设置隔离角来进行上下行场景的干扰消除,使该LEO系统能满足国际电信联盟（ITU）对同频段内通信干扰的约束条件;然后,通过引入GEO带的概念,分析并研究了干扰规避区域的确定方法和其对LEO星座密度的影响。最后,通过仿真得出了干扰隔离角、GEO带与LEO星座密度的关系,得到了在采用隔离角的方式进行干扰避让时满足LEO星座系统业务不中断所需要的最小卫星数量,对LEO星座设计具有一定的指导意义。      

基于非合作LEO卫星辅助GNSS联合定位技术CSCD

针对全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)在受挑战的环境中,出现导航卫星信号被干扰或遮挡,导致可见卫星数目无法满足定位最低要求的情况。利用低轨(LEO)卫星具有信号到达地面功率高、抗干扰能力强,以及在未来将进行大量部署的特点,可为GNSS的导航服务提供备份与补充。提出了基于非合作LEO卫星辅助GNSS联合定位算法,不同于现有的LEO/GNSS联合定位算法将低轨卫星简单地视为轨道降低的导航卫星,该算法以LEO为通信卫星,从非合作、非导航特性的实际情况出发,将LEO的多普勒与GNSS的伪距、多普勒相结合求解用户位置信息,并以ORBCOMM低轨通信卫星联合GPS为例进行了仿真实验,实验结果验证了算法的可行性与性能。     

SCPS-TP协议用于LEO卫星网的性能分析与改进

SCPS-TP是空间通信传输协议,可用于卫星网络。为分析SCPS-TP在LEO卫星网中的性能和选择合适的拥塞避免机制,进行原理分析和仿真实验。在LEO卫星网中的典型时延和误比特率条件下,SCPS-TP协议采用Ve-gas机制比Van Jacobson机制能达到更好的性能。但LEO卫星网中存在的切换和路径改变情况会严重降低Vegas机制的性能。对此提出一种利用SCPS-NP包头信息感知路径变化和更新时延基准的改进方法,具有较好的可实现性。仿真结果表明,此举能明显提高SCPS-TP协议在LEO卫星网路径改变时的性能。     

一种基于磁强计的卫星自主导航方法研究

以地磁场强度矢量的模为观测量,将Unscented卡尔曼滤波(UKF)用于近地卫星的磁测自主导航。给出了包括采样点生成、时间更新和量测更新的滤波模型,以及卫星瞬时轨道根数的计算公式。仿真结果表明,UKF滤波方法优于扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF),精度更高。