Single-event upset in geostationary transfer orbit during solar-activity maximum period measured by the Tsubasa satellite

This paper reports single-event upset (SEU) occurrence related to the space radiation environment in geostationary transfer orbit during solar-activity maximum period measured by the Tsubasa satellite. Most SEUs are measured in the inner radiation belt, indicating that they are mainly caused by trapped protons. Thus, the spatial distribution and the temporal variation of the SEU count correlate well with those of trapped protons. The peak SEU rate appears around L = 1.4. The transition point from SEUs caused by trapped protons to those caused by galactic cosmic rays is around L = 2.6. During the experiment period, increased SEU count was sometimes detected due to solar and geomagnetic events outside the inner radiation belt.     

关于地球静止卫星远地点变轨策略的札记

在采用小推力远地点发动机的情况下,地球静止卫星在远地点变轨的策略宜按整星功能实现和优化的原则确定。当推重比大于0.02时,多次变轨比1次变轨节省的推进剂并不明显。     

A new approach to on-board stationkeeping of GEO-satellites

This paper proposes a new autonomous stationkeeping system suitable for geostationary satellite operation and presents the results of the computer simulations conducted to verify the proposed system. The proposed on-board stationkeeping system receives pseudo-range signal from the ground equipments located at two different positions with a long baseline, determines the orbit error in real-time, and generates the orbit control command. To minimize the complexity of the on-board stationkeeping logic and to improve reliability, a simple orbit controller has been designed, which generates a series of control signal making the orbit roughly follow the predetermined reference range data. The reference range data are assumed to be generated through a ground based computer simulation and embedded or uploaded with time tag. Finally, the performance of the proposed system has been verified through computer simulations.     

Optimal control in the east/west station-keeping manoeuvres for geostationary satellites

This paper addresses the optimal computation in terms of fuel consumption of the sequentially required tangential correction manoeuvres to control geostationary satellites within the longitude band. In fact, by using optimal control techniques, the Sun pointing perigee strategy (which only determines the best time of the day for the tangential manoeuvres) is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem with inequality constraints so that the proposed approach provides an optimal way to determine the remaining parameters for the station keeping, i.e., the time interval between successive corrections and the value for the eccentricity control to totally optimize the computation. Furthermore, by minimizing a cost function derived for the total manoeuvres sizes required in a year, a numerical simulation is performed to illustrate this approach. The computation shows how geostationary mission lifetimes may be extended up to half a year or more.

Resumen

En este papel se trata el cálculo óptimo en términos de consumo de fuel de las maniobras tangenciales periódicas necesarias para controlar satélites geoestacionarios dentro de la banda en longitud. En concreto, utilizando técnicas de control optimal, la estrategia perigeo hacia el Sol (que solo determina la mejor hora del día para las maniobras tangenciales) se formula como un problema de programación no lineal con constreñimientos, de tal forma que el tratamiento propuesto proporciona una forma óptima de determinar los parámetros restantes para el mantenimiento en estación, esto es, el intervalo de tiempo entre dos correciones sucesivas y el valor para el control de excentricidad para optimizar totalmente el cálculo. Además, mediante la minimización de una función de coste obtenida para todas las maniobras necesarias en un año, se realiza una simulación numérica para ilustrar esta metodología. Los cálculos muestran cómo se puede extender el tiempo de vida de una misión geostacionaria hasta medio año o más.     

两种南北位置保持控制策略研究

根据倾角漂移基本原理,对某三轴稳定地球同步卫星的倾角控制短期策略和长期策略进行了研究。仿真结果表明：两种南北位置保持策略均能使倾角控制在既定的精度范围内,从长远角度看,短期策略的南北保持周期略长,卫星控制频度基本相当;长期策略燃料消耗量较少,方法实现相对复杂。     

GEO卫星氢镍蓄电池在轨温度波动机理分析

在某地球静止轨道通信卫星平台布局的基础上,通过合理地简化和假设建立了南蓄电池舱作为热分析计算模型,对影响蓄电池在轨温度波动的机理进行分析。分析结果表明：在冬至,西板、对地+Y板和背地+Y板受照外热流的日变化会引起其内表面温度大幅度波动,通过舱内热辐射又会引起服务舱南板等结构板内表面温度波动,而服务舱南板通过导热将引起安装其上的蓄电池温度波动,这是导致蓄电池温度波动的根本原因。     

Qualitative estimation of magnetic storm efficiency in producing relativistic electron flux in the Earth’s outer radiation belt using geomagnetic pulsations data

It is well known that during many but not all of the geomagnetic storms enhanced fluxes of high-energy electrons are observed in the outer radiation belt. Here we examine relativistic (>2 MeV) electron fluxes measured by GOES at the synchronous orbit and on-ground observations of two types of ULF pulsations during 30 magnetic storms occurred during 1996–2000. To characterize the effectiveness of the chosen magnetic storms in producing relativistic electron fluxes, following to (Reeves, G.D., McAdams, K.L., Friedel, R.H.W., O’Brien, T.R. Acceleration and loss of relativistic electrons during geomagnetic storms. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, doi:10.1029/2002GL016513, 2003), we calculate a ratio of the maximum daily-averaged electron flux measured during the recovery phase, to the mean pre-storm electron flux. A storm is considered an effective one if its ratio exceeds 2. We compare behavior of Pi1 and Pc5 geomagnetic pulsations during effective and non-effective storms and find a tendency for a storm efficiency to be higher when the mid-latitude Pi1 pulsations are observed for a long time during the magnetic storm main phase. We note also that the prolonged powerful Pc5 pulsation activity during the recovery phase of a magnetic storm is the necessary condition for the storm effectiveness. To interpret the found dependences, we suggest that there are two prerequisites for generating relativistic electron populations during a storm: (1) the availability of seed electrons in the magnetosphere, and Pi1 emissions are indicators of the mid-energy electron interaction with the ionosphere and (2) acceleration of the seed electrons to MeV energies, and interaction of electrons with the MHD wave activity in the Pc5 range is one of the most probable mechanisms proposed in the literature for this purpose.     

某地球静止轨道卫星成像辐射计热控设计

对某地球静止轨道卫星成像辐射计的热控设计进行了研究。根据辐射计热特点,考虑一般温度、温度梯度和日温度变化等热控需求,给出了成像辐射计中光学基板等温化、阳光直射时扫描镜等光学部件散热,以及次镜支持材料选择等关键热控设计原则。用NEVADA、SINDNG软件对冬至、春秋分、夏至,以及阳光与卫星轨道面夹角α=-8.8°,8.8°的5种条件的初期和末期10个工况进行了仿真分析。结果表明：设计的热控方案可行,基本满足成像辐射计的使用要求。     

地球同步轨道目标物深度学习检测方法

针对欧空局SpotGEO竞赛中地球同步轨道目标物的检测问题,提出面向低精度CCD空间图像的深度学习检测方法。在图像预处理环节,分别采用高斯过程回归和模板匹配实现前景/背景分割和多帧图像配准。根据地球同步轨道物体的运动特征,采用拓扑扫描提取候选目标物。在此基础上,提出一套基于深度学习的目标物筛选方法。该方法利用卷积神经网络,依次对拓扑扫描前后候选目标物进行筛选,显著减少噪声点数量,提高检测效率。仿真结果表明,该方法达到98%的目标检测准确率,适用于存在光污染、云层遮挡等干扰的复杂环境。