Probabilistic resident space object detection using archival THEMIS fluxgate magnetometer data

Recent progress in the detection of small space objects, at geosynchronous altitudes, through ground-based optical and radar measurements is demonstrated as a viable method. However, in general, these methods are limited to detection of objects greater than 10?cm. This paper examines the use of magnetometers to detect plausible flyby encounters with charged space objects using a matched filter signal existence binary hypothesis test approach. Relevant data-set processing and reduction of archival fluxgate magnetometer data from the NASA THEMIS mission is discussed in detail. Using the proposed methodology and a false alarm rate of 10%, 285 plausible detections with probability of detection greater than 80% are claimed and several are reviewed in detail.     

Optimal control in the east/west station-keeping manoeuvres for geostationary satellites

This paper addresses the optimal computation in terms of fuel consumption of the sequentially required tangential correction manoeuvres to control geostationary satellites within the longitude band. In fact, by using optimal control techniques, the Sun pointing perigee strategy (which only determines the best time of the day for the tangential manoeuvres) is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem with inequality constraints so that the proposed approach provides an optimal way to determine the remaining parameters for the station keeping, i.e., the time interval between successive corrections and the value for the eccentricity control to totally optimize the computation. Furthermore, by minimizing a cost function derived for the total manoeuvres sizes required in a year, a numerical simulation is performed to illustrate this approach. The computation shows how geostationary mission lifetimes may be extended up to half a year or more.

Resumen

En este papel se trata el cálculo óptimo en términos de consumo de fuel de las maniobras tangenciales periódicas necesarias para controlar satélites geoestacionarios dentro de la banda en longitud. En concreto, utilizando técnicas de control optimal, la estrategia perigeo hacia el Sol (que solo determina la mejor hora del día para las maniobras tangenciales) se formula como un problema de programación no lineal con constreñimientos, de tal forma que el tratamiento propuesto proporciona una forma óptima de determinar los parámetros restantes para el mantenimiento en estación, esto es, el intervalo de tiempo entre dos correciones sucesivas y el valor para el control de excentricidad para optimizar totalmente el cálculo. Además, mediante la minimización de una función de coste obtenida para todas las maniobras necesarias en un año, se realiza una simulación numérica para ilustrar esta metodología. Los cálculos muestran cómo se puede extender el tiempo de vida de una misión geostacionaria hasta medio año o más.     

关于地球静止卫星远地点变轨策略的札记

在采用小推力远地点发动机的情况下,地球静止卫星在远地点变轨的策略宜按整星功能实现和优化的原则确定。当推重比大于0.02时,多次变轨比1次变轨节省的推进剂并不明显。     

基于偏心率和倾角矢量的双星隔离策略

针对中国地球静止轨道双星共位的需要, 研究了双星共位的工程实现问题, 提出了一种使用偏心率矢量和倾角矢量联合隔离实现双星共位的方法. 给出了基于偏心率矢量和倾角矢量联合隔离的基本方法、约束方程和工程实现的控制策略, 并通过模拟计算和工程实际应用情况, 验证了该方法的正确性.     

GEO卫星氢镍蓄电池在轨温度波动机理分析

在某地球静止轨道通信卫星平台布局的基础上,通过合理地简化和假设建立了南蓄电池舱作为热分析计算模型,对影响蓄电池在轨温度波动的机理进行分析。分析结果表明：在冬至,西板、对地+Y板和背地+Y板受照外热流的日变化会引起其内表面温度大幅度波动,通过舱内热辐射又会引起服务舱南板等结构板内表面温度波动,而服务舱南板通过导热将引起安装其上的蓄电池温度波动,这是导致蓄电池温度波动的根本原因。     

地球同步轨道目标物深度学习检测方法

针对欧空局SpotGEO竞赛中地球同步轨道目标物的检测问题,提出面向低精度CCD空间图像的深度学习检测方法。在图像预处理环节,分别采用高斯过程回归和模板匹配实现前景/背景分割和多帧图像配准。根据地球同步轨道物体的运动特征,采用拓扑扫描提取候选目标物。在此基础上,提出一套基于深度学习的目标物筛选方法。该方法利用卷积神经网络,依次对拓扑扫描前后候选目标物进行筛选,显著减少噪声点数量,提高检测效率。仿真结果表明,该方法达到98%的目标检测准确率,适用于存在光污染、云层遮挡等干扰的复杂环境。     

GEO卫星广播星历的拟合参数设计

基于第一类无奇点要素的拟合参数和5°倾角旋转法,可以实现GEO发播电文与MEO和IGSO的电文一致性,但是没有完全避免数学奇异性.文章从无奇点要素的选取和主要摄动力的影响分析两方面出发,提出了一套16参数的GEO星历表示法.首先,利用同步要素描述卫星的星下点运动轨迹;其次,摄动参数中顾及了地球引力位田谐项引起的定点漂移.拟合试验表明,2h星历拟合的用户距离误差的均方根优于0.01m.     

Basic performance of BeiDou-2 navigation satellite system used in LEO satellites precise orbit determination

The visibility for low earth orbit（LEO） satellites provided by the BeiDou-2 system is analyzed and compared with the global positioning system（GPS）. In addition, the spaceborne receivers＇ observations are simulated by the BeiDou satellites broadcast ephemeris and LEO satellites orbits. The precise orbit determination（POD） results show that the along-track component accuracy is much better over the service area than the non-service area, while the accuracy of the other two directions keeps at the same level over different areas. However, the 3-dimensional（3D） accuracy over the two areas shows almost no difference. Only taking into consideration the observation noise and navigation satellite ephemeris errors, the 3D accuracy of the POD is about30 cm. As for the precise relative orbit determination（PROD）, the 3D accuracy is much better over the eastern hemisphere than that of the western hemisphere. The baseline length accuracy is 3.4 mm over the service area, and it is still better than 1 cm over the non-service area. This paper demonstrates that the BeiDou regional constellation could provide global service to LEO satellites for the POD and the PROD. Finally, the benefit of geostationary earth orbit（GEO） satellites is illustrated for POD.     

FY-4卫星高光谱大气探测驻留控制与定位精度分析

静止轨道干涉式大气垂直探测仪装载在中国新一代静止轨道气象卫星风云四号上,是世界上第一个运行在静止轨道上的高光谱垂直探测仪器。在高光谱探测过程中,使“驻留”观测的目标保持高精度稳定是静止轨道高光谱红外大气探测的关键。风云四号卫星是我国高轨气象卫星首次采用三轴稳定姿态控制平台的卫星,这给探测仪的高精度定位带来很大挑战。高精度的观测计划稳定性需要卫星平台、姿态控制、有效载荷和地面系统共同完成,过程非常复杂。本文在介绍探测仪的探测原理和工作模式设计的基础上,对探测仪星地一体化定位的关键技术进行研究,并利用仪器在轨获得的实测数据对驻留控制精度与定位精度开展检验及分析。结果表明,探测仪达到了1/10像元的驻留控制精度与1像元的定位精度。