Lift performance enhancement for flapping airfoils by considering surging motion

The flapping motion has a great impact on the aerodynamic performance of flapping wings. In this paper, a surging motion is added to an airfoil performing pitching-plunging combined motion to figure out how it influences the lift performance and flow pattern of flapping airfoils. Firstly, the numerical methods are validated by a NACA0012 airfoil pitching case and a NACA0012 airfoil plunging case. Then, the E377m airfoil which has typical geometric characteristics of the bird-like airfoil is selected as the calculation model to study how phase differences φ₁ between surging motion and plunging motion affect the aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoils. The results show that the airfoil with surging motion has comprehensively better lift performance and thrust performance than the airfoil without surging motion when 15°< φ₁ < 90°. It is demonstrated that surging motion has a powerful ability to improve the aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoil by adjusting φ₁. Finally, to further explore how flapping airfoil improves lift performance by considering surging motion, the flapping motions of E377m airfoil with the highest lift coefficient and lift efficiency are obtained through trajectory optimization. The surging motion is removed in the highest lift case and highest lift efficiency case respectively, and the mechanism that surging motion adjusts the aerodynamic force is analyzed in detail by comparing the vortex structure and kinematic parameters. The results of this paper help reveal the aerodynamic mechanism of bird flight and guide the design of Flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FMAV).     

High dynamic output feedback robust control of cascaded extended state observer

High dynamic tracking performance is a key technical index of hydraulic flight motion simulator(HFMS). However, the strong nonlinearities, various model uncertainties and measurement noise in hydraulic actuation systems limit the high dynamic performance improvement. In this paper, the outer axis frame of a HFMS is taken as a case study and its nonlinear dynamic model with consideration of strong nonlinearities, matched and mismatched uncertainties is established.A novel cascaded extended state ...     

固体姿轨控发动机喉栓运动时序实验设计方法

固体姿轨控发动机通过伺服机构控制喉栓位移实现推力矢量调节。为实现推力精确调控，需拟合大量地面试验数据，得出发动机喉栓位移与推力矢量间的数学模型。提出了一种面向喉栓式固体轨控发动机喉栓运动时序实验设计方法，实现了单次试验中不同燃烧室理论压强及喉栓位移组合最大覆盖，为最低试验成本下精准构建喉栓位移与推力输出模型提供训练样本。以四阀固体轨控发动机作为对象，基于零维内弹道实现燃气发生器压强求解。采用Φp准则评估喉栓位置组合遍历性，并对其进行优化，获得合理的喉栓运动方案。算例结果证明实验设计后方案在整个运动周期内几乎遍历各种组合状态，较实验设计前Φp值提升近40%，验证了本文实验设计方法在时序工程问题中的优良性能。采用实验设计方法可提高固体姿轨控发动机地面试车数据利用效率。