铷频标温度系数影响因素分析与改进方法研究

高性能的被动型铷原子频率标准（以下简称铷频标）主要用于恶劣工作环境等特殊领域,铷频标的准确度和稳定度是卫星定位的两项关键技术,铷频标的稳定度包括短期稳定度和中长期稳定度,而中长期稳定度主要由温度系数决定。本文从改善铷频标温度系数的目的出发,全面梳理和分析了影响铷频标温度系数的主要因素,提出零温度系数等高线图优化法和零光频移灯激励电压优化法,并通过改进物理部分结构热设计等措施,优化了铷频标物理部分的温度系数。经试验验证,结果表明整机温度系数约为-2E-14/℃,铷频标的10⁵s稳定度5.52E-15,改善物理部分温度系数的方法和措施是有效的。     

基于同步双口SRAM的原子磁强计磁共振相位提取系统设计

针对原子磁强计磁共振激励信号相位提取过程中,数据量大、实时性强、同步要求高等特点,设计了一种基于同步双口SRAM的磁共振相位信息提取系统。首先利用FPGA控制高速同步采样AD进行数据转换;然后经同步双口SRAM实现数据的高速缓存和同步读写;最后由DSP经外部中断触发定时读取缓存的数据,并进行数字锁相处理,提取相位信息。实验结果表明:该系统对频率为35~350kHz之间的正弦信号相位提取稳定度达到0.006°,满足原子磁强计静态噪声小于20pT的应用要求。     

微小空间碎片与原子氧协同效应研究

利用等离子体驱动微小碎片加速器和潘宁源的原子氧模拟装置在中国首次开展了微小碎片撞击与原子氧协同作用对Kapton膜和镀铝Kapton膜的侵蚀效应研究. 实验结果表明, 碎片撞击能明显加剧原子氧对Kapton和镀铝Kapton膜的侵蚀效应, 对航天器的寿命及可靠性构成威胁, 制约中国长寿命高可靠性航天器的发展.      

CPT原子钟微波信号的设计和分析

根据被动型相干布居囚禁原子钟对微波信号的要求,利用小数分频锁相环技术实现了微波频率综合,并通过优化环路带宽得到最佳的输出相噪。测试结果表明:3 417 MHz微波输出在100 Hz处的相位噪声达到-80 dBc;中心频率±50 kHz范围内的杂散抑制达到54 dB,都接近于理论值。将产生的微波用于所研制的CPT原子钟,获得频率稳定度达到1 000 s内6×10-11-1/2,为目前国外商品钟水平。     

羰基镍粉中铜、锰、钴含量的连续测试技术

建立了一种用AIR-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法连续测试镉镍电池羰基镍粉中铜、锰、钴含量,介绍了铜、锰、钴最佳测试条件,同时对样品硝化处理条件及在测试样品中的干扰因素进行了综合考虑。该方法具有很好的精密度和准确度,具有操作简便、时间快速、灵敏度高、重现性好、容易掌握等特点。铜、锰、钴含量的相对标准偏差均小于1.0%（n=6）。标准加入回收率均在97.0%-99.0%范围内。适用于镉镍电池羰基镍粉中含有较多共同被测离子铜、锰、钴的生产现场控制分析和样品系统分析。     

卫星表面原子氧通量和遭遇量的计算及讨论

建立了一个较为理想情况下卫星表面原子氧通量和遭遇量的计算模式。在此基础上,着重讨论了轨道高度、太阳活动、飞行攻角及轨道倾角等因素对原子氧通量和遭遇量的影响。      

冷原子喷泉的改进与应用

论述了冷原子喷泉的改进与应用,评述了冷原子喷泉二十年发展的进步,展望了冷原子喷泉研究和发展的前景。     

空间环境对漫反射板的影响

光学系统在空间环境条件下的衰变对卫星遥感仪器探测精度有重要影响．漫反射板是星载光学遥感仪器辐射定标的重要工具．本文通过对ＡＤＥＯＳ／ＴＯＭＳ和Ｅａｒｔｈ Ｐｒｏｂｅ／ＴＯＭＳ仪器馒反射板漫反射率衰变特性的比较，分析研究了原子氧和太阳紫外辐射对漫反射板的影晌．结果表明，太阳紫外辐照和原子氧剥蚀引起的漫反射板反射率衰变系数分别为０．０００４９／ｈ和１．２ × １０－１７ｃｍ２，但在卫星入轨初期，太阳紫外辐照的影响可增加约４倍．     

LiHe spectra from brown dwarfs to helium clusters

The detection of Li I lines is the most decisive spectral indicator of substellarity for young brown dwarfs with masses below about 0.06 solar mass. Due to the weakness of the Li resonance lines, it is important to be able to model precisely both their core widths and their wing profiles. This allows an adequate prediction of the mass at which Li lines reappear in the spectra of brown dwarfs for a given age, or reversely an accurate determination of the age of a cluster. We report improved line profiles and the dependence of line width on temperature suitable for modeling substellar atmospheres that were determined from new LiHe molecular potential energies. Over a limited range of density and temperature, comparison with laboratory measurements was used to validate the potential energies which support the spectral line profile theory.     

Collisional line broadening versus collisional depolarization: Similarities and differences

Within the impact approximation, collisional line broadening parameters and depolarizing and polarization transfer (population, orientation, alignment transfer) rates are complementary: both include the effect of collisional transitions between the Zeeman sublevels of a given level, or between fine or hyperfine structure levels of a given term. However, there are several differences: in line broadening, the two levels connected by the radiative transition contribute to the broadening, and there is also an interference term between these two levels, whereas only one level or two close levels are concerned in the depolarization. Another difference lies in the fact that purely elastic collisions contribute also to the line broadening, whereas they do not contribute to the depolarization. The nature of these two kinds of coefficients are recalled. Then the possibility to find some relationships or systematic trends concerning depolarization versus collisional broadening is considered. This is to answer some current questions which come from the polarization community.