Spatial distribution of TEC across India in 2005: Seasonal asymmetries and IRI prediction

Total electron content measured simultaneously at 10 locations over India during the low solar activity year 2005 is used to examine the temporal and spatial asymmetries and also to assess the predictability of the International Reference Ionosphere in respect of the observed asymmetrical distribution. The stations are distributed in latitude along 77°E and in longitude along 23°N forming a meridional and a zonal chain respectively. A longitudinal gradient positive towards east was observed in the daytime hours of equinox and summer. Equinoctial asymmetry was prevalent across India during this year. Within the crest and equator, winter anomaly has been observed. It is found that IRI 2012 (with Ne Quick option, URSI coefficients) is unable to fully capture the temporal variation and spatial gradients of the ionization density in the Indian sector during 2005. The amount of offset between the model and measurement varies with local time and location.     

Seasonal variability of GPS-VTEC and model during low solar activity period (2006–2007) near the equatorial ionization anomaly crest location in Chinese zone

Variability of vertical TEC recorded at Fuzhou (26.1°N, 119.3°E, geomagnetic latitude 14.4°N), Xiamen (24.5°N, 118.1°E, geomagnetic latitude 13.2°N), Nanning (22.8°N, 108.3°E, geomagnetic latitude 11.4°N), China, during the low solar activity in 2006–2007 have been analyzed and discussed. Remarkable seasonal anomaly was found over three stations with the highest value during spring and the lowest value during summer. The relative standard deviation of VTEC is over 20% all the time, with steady and smooth variation during daytime while it has a large fluctuation during nighttime. The biggest correlation coefficient was found in the VTEC-sunspot pair with a value of over 0.5. It seems that solar activity has a better correlation ship than geomagnetic activity with the variation of VTEC and better correlations are found with more long-term data when comparing our previous study. The results of comparing observation with model prediction in three sites reveal again that the SPIM model overestimates the measured VTEC in the low latitude area.     

Variation of ionospheric total electron content in Taiwan region of the equatorial anomaly from 1994 to 2003

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in the northern hemispheric equatorial ionospheric anomaly (EIA) region is studied by analyzing dual-frequency signals of the Global Position System (GPS) acquired from a chain of nine observational sites clustered around Taiwan (21.9–26.2°N, 118.4–112.6°E). In this study, we present results from a statistical study of seasonal and geomagnetic effects on the EIA during solar cycle 23: 1994–2003. It is found that TEC at equatorial anomaly crests yield their maximum values during the vernal and autumnal months and their minimum values during the summer (except 1998). Using monthly averaged I_c (magnitude of TEC at the northern anomaly crest), semi-annual variations is seen clearly with two maxima occurring in both spring and autumn. In addition, I_c is found to be greater in winter than in summer. Statistically monthly values of I_c were poorly correlated with the monthly Dst index (r = −0.22) but were well correlated with the solar emission F_10.7 index (r = 0.87) for the entire database for the period during 1994–2003. In contrast, monthly values of I_c were correlated better with Dst (r ? 0.72) than with F_10.7 (r ? 0.56) in every year during the low solar activity period (1994–1997). It suggests that the effect of solar activity on I_c is a longer term (years), whereas the effect of geomagnetic activity on I_c is a shorter term (months).     

基于Kalman滤波器的卫星钟实时异常监测算法

基于卫星钟钟差的Kalman滤波器模型,提出了一种卫星钟实时异常监测算法,对算法原理进行了讨论,并利用IGS精密钟差数据,对算法进行了性能验证。结果表明：该算法对卫星钟的异常情况（包括单点相位跳变与连续相位跳变）可以进行有效监测,同时还可以完成异常数据的剔除与替换,并且具有较小的替换误差。该算法具有显著的实时性,可以应用于星载原子钟的实时异常监测中。     

SIMOX样品导电类型反型的研究

氧离子注入Ｐ型（１００）单晶硅形成ＳＩＭＯＸ样品，经俄歇电子能谱、扩展电阻仪测试，形成了ＳＯＩ结构；经霍尔测试仪测试，制备的ＳＩＭＯＸ样品表层硅膜反型为Ｎ型导电类型，ＳＩＭＯＸ样品的反型是硅中的氧施主所致，由近自由电子的类氦模型计算，氧施主电离能力为０．１５ｅＶ，该值与早期文献报道的实验值一致。     

基于电子束电离的高超声速磁流体发电机

为了获得高超声速低温来流条件下基于电子束电离的磁流体发电机性能,采用三维低磁雷诺数磁流体动力学五方程模型和简化的电子束电离模型,对等截面分段法拉第型磁流体发电机内的流动进行数值模拟,研究了电离能量花费、磁场强度对发电通道性能的影响,得出了不同电离花费下电离所形成的电子数密度和电导率.研究结果表明,电子束电离低温来流能够产生足够的电导率,当负载系数保持为0.5时,电效率基本保持在0.5 ～0.6之间,电效率大小受磁场强度影响不大,电离能量花费Pion(MW/m3)为0.06,0.6,6,30,300时的电导率σ(S/m)分别为0.28,0.9,3,7,27.当电离能量花费为30MW/m3,能量提取率达到26％,电效率为66％,发电机性能接近最佳,对应的磁场强度为10T.     

Ionospheric disturbances at low and mid-low latitudes of the South American sector during the March 2015 great storm

This paper analyzes the response of the near equatorial and low latitude ionosphere of the South American sector to the geomagnetic storm occurred on 17 March 2015. Ionosonde data from Ramey (18.5° N, 292.9° E), Jicamarca (12.0° S, 283.2° E), Boa Vista (2.8° N, 299.3° E), Sao Luis (2.6° S, 315.8° E), Fortaleza (3.9° S, 321.6° E) and Cachoeira Paulista (22.7° S, 315.0° E) are used for the study. The results show negative disturbances in foF2 at low latitudes during the main phase of the storm, which were attributed to prompt penetration electric fields. Thus, the Equatorial Anomaly (EA) started to reduce their structure in this sector since on 17 March. During the recovery phase (on 18 March), positive disturbances were observed at low, mid-low latitudes (in the post-midnight – predawn hours), which can be mainly attributed to enhanced storm-time neutral winds and composition changes (i.e., increase in the O/N2 ratio). Disturbance dynamo electric fields would also contribute in modulating the electron density of the EA during this storm period.     

基于正反Kalman滤波的动基座重力仪数据处理方法

重力数据处理是动基座重力仪的核心技术,采用了一种基于正反Kalman滤波的数据处理方法提取重力异常值.以动基座重力仪(Sea and Air Gravity,SAG)为研究对象,根据系统参数推导了Kalman滤波方程,并运用正反Kalman滤波方法处理了SAG某飞行架次的数据.将提取的重力异常值与同机搭载飞行的俄罗斯高精度重力仪GT-1A的结果进行比对,试验结果表明,两者滤波结果差值的均方根误差要小于1 mGal.     

A simple and valid analysis method for orbit anomaly detection

A simple analysis method for orbit anomaly detection, called semi-major axis change method (SACM) was presented by using a relationship between the change of orbit parameters and velocity increments. In this method, the mean value and standard deviation of the semi-major axis change in different time intervals were first calculated according to historical data. Then, these two parameters, the mean value and standard deviation of the semi-major axis change, are chosen as basis variables and combined as an anomalous criterion. For orbit objects with different characteristic, anomalous thresholds were given in different time intervals for identifying the anomalies of the orbital objects. Finally, this method is used for low earth orbit (LEO) satellites and American–Russian breakup debris. By adopting this method, the characteristics of the orbit change were given. The accuracy rate of anomaly analysis for LEO satellites and American–Russian breakup debris can reach to 100%, which demonstrates that the method was rapid and valid.