基于慢特征密度聚类的气路异常检测方法

在结合核技巧、慢特征分析算法与密度聚类方法的基础上,提出了基于混合核慢特征分析和密度聚类的慢特征密度聚类算法,实现了基于民航发动机气路参数原始值的异常检测。核技巧的引入克服了慢特征分析法处理复杂数据时可能存在的维度爆炸问题,充分利用不同核函数的特点和慢特征分析的优势从气路参数原始值中提取出随时间变化最缓慢的特征作为密度聚类算法的输入,最终筛选出异常值。经实验对比发现,该方法针对某些异常拥有最好的聚类效果和最低的虚警率,尤其是检测可调放气活门系统异常时虚警数量不到样本总数量的0.5%,是一种有效的方法。      

基于天基光学探测图像初析南大西洋异常区影响

文章针对目前在轨运行的高灵敏度探测类可见光遥感器经过南大西洋异常区（SouthAtlanticAnomaly,SAA）时出现的探测能力降低、目标无法识别等现象,通过卫星在轨获取的SAA天基探测图像研究图像中出现的异常现象机理;提出了基于CCD探测器固有暗像元区的图像特征变化开展SAA影响评估的方法,根据在轨图像暗像元区的均值和标准差、图像区的热像素及活像元等特征参数的统计分析,判断经过SAA过程中连续获取的图像中出现显著影响时的拐点,通过曲线拟合估算出该轨道高度的SAA空间分布特征和边界,依此进一步提出利用在轨天基探测图像给出测量影响该轨道高度卫星SAA区域边界的简单方法;最后,基于SAA对天基探测器件的影响分析结果和认识,给出了高灵敏度探测类卫星避免或消除SAA影响的改进措施和建议。文章采用的数据分析和评估方法为提升SAA对天基探测影响的认识,以及下一步有效开展空间碎片探测工作提供参考。     

Coordinated in situ measurements of plasma irregularities and ground based scintillation observations at the crest of equatorial anomaly

First comparison of in situ density fluctuations measured by the DEMETER satellite with ground based GPS receiver measurements at the equatorial anomaly station Bhopal (geographic coordinates (23.2°N, 77.6°E); geomagnetic coordinates (14.29°N, 151.12°E)) for the low solar activity year 2005, are presented in this paper. Calculation of the diurnal maximum of the strength of the equatorial electrojet, which can serve as precursor to ionospheric scintillations in the anomaly region is also done. The Langmuir Probe experiment and Plasma Analyzer onboard DEMETER measure the electron and ion densities respectively. Irregularities in electron density distribution cause scintillations on transionospheric links and there exists a close relationship between an irregularity and scintillation. In 40% of the cases, DEMETER detects the irregularity structures (dNe/Ne ? 5% and dNi/Ni (O⁺) ? 5%) and GPS L band scintillations (S4 ? 0.2) are also observed around the same time, for the low solar activity period. It is found that maximum irregularity intensity is obtained in the geomagnetic latitude range of 10–20° for both electron density and ion density. As the GPS signals pass through this irregularity structure, scintillations are recorded by the GPS receiver installed at the equatorial anomaly station, Bhopal it is interesting to note that in situ density fluctuations observed on magnetic flux tubes that pass over Bhopal can be used as indicator of ionospheric scintillations at that site. Many cases of density fluctuations and associated scintillations have been observed during the descending low solar activity period. The percentage occurrence of density irregularities and scintillations shows good correspondence with diurnal maximum of the strength of electrojet, however this varies with different seasons with maximum correspondence in summer (up to 66%) followed by equinox (up to 50%) and winter (up to 46%). Also, there is a threshold value of EEJ strength to produce density irregularities ((dNe/Ne)_max ? 5%) and for moderate to strong scintillations (S4 ? 0.3) to occur. For winter this value is found to be ∼40 nT whereas for equinox and summer it is around 50 nT.     

被动型星载氢钟H型气体电离模型及参数优化

针对被动型星载氢钟气体电离装置低功耗、低电磁干扰的设计要求,设计了一种基于平面盘绕馈能天线的H型电离系统,并建立该电离方法的数学模型。首先,由Maxwell方程出发,推导出了电离泡中的电场和磁场的分布模型,得到气体电离机制;再由电磁场的分布方程推导出氢气击穿判据表达式,建立了气体电离条件的数学模型;最后,利用电离击穿条件判据方程优化了电离装置的设计参数。数值仿真与测试表明该模型是有效的,采用优化的设计参数可以使电离功耗和电磁干扰特性得到改善,且电离直流电源总功率可小于2W。     

太阳活动低年低纬地区VTEC 变化特性分析

利用福州台站(26.1°N, 119.3°E, 磁纬14.4°N)电离层闪烁与TEC监测仪2006-2010年的观测数据, 对该地区垂直总电子含量(VTEC)进行时间变化特性分析. 结果表明, 春秋冬三季的VTEC平均最高值出现在06:00UT, 夏季出现在08:00UT, 所有季节的平均最低值均出现在21:00UT; VTEC变化存在季节异常和弱冬季异常, 春秋季节高, 冬夏季节低, 夏季VTEC比冬季低且最大值出现时间延迟; VTEC在2006-2009年呈现下降的变化趋势, 2010年开始增强, 年际变化与太阳活动及地磁活动变化趋势具有较好的对应关系; VTEC变化与太阳活动存在很好的相关性, 相关系数达到0.5以上, 地磁活动则显示了弱相关的特性; F_10.7与VTEC的相关性随着每天Kp指数总值Σ_kp的增大而减小.      

磁激等离子体超声速气流的瞬态加速系统及其实验研究

研制了基于激波风洞的热电离系统,设计了马赫数Ma=1.5的喷管和分段法拉第型实验段,并选用了合理的磁场及电场方案。采用氦气驱动氩气模式,通过在激波管低压段注入电离种子K₂CO₃粉末实现气流的热电离;压缩后的高温氩气启动喷管,以瞬态超声速导电流体形式通过实验段。实验结果表明:当激波管高压段压力为1.1 MPa、低压段压力为500 Pa时,喷管出口的超声速导电气流温度约为4 185.91 K,压力约为0.037 MPa;当电容电压为400 V、磁感应强度为1.0 T时,由实验段中间位置电极的放电特性可以估算出气流电导率约为78.1 S/m,单对电极输入功率约为9.46 kW;用感应电压法对加速效果进行初步评估,出口气流速度增加了29.3%,电效率为26.1%。     

Day-to-day variability of equatorial anomaly in GPS-TEC during low solar activity period

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in the northern hemispheric equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest region is investigated by using dual-frequency signals of the Global Positioning System (GPS) acquired from Rajkot (Geog. Lat. 22.29°N, Geog. Long. 70.74°E; Geom. Lat. 14.21°N, Geom. Long. 144.90°E), India. The day-to-day variability of EIA characteristics is examined during low solar activity period (F10.7∼83 sfu). It is found that the daily maximum TEC at EIA crest exhibits a day-to-day and strong semi-annual variability. The seasonal anomaly and equinoctial asymmetry in TEC at EIA is found non-existent and weaker, respectively. We found a moderate and positive correlation of daily magnitude of crest, Ic with daily F10.7 and EUV fluxes with a correlation coefficient of 0.43 and 0.33, respectively indicating an existence of a short-term relation between TEC at EIA and the solar radiation even during low solar activity period. The correlation of daily Ic with Dst index is also moderate (r = −0.35), whereas no correlation is found with the daily Kp index (r = 0.14) respectively. We found that the magnitude of EIA crest is moderately correlated with solar flux in all seasons except winter where it is weakly related (0.27). The magnitude of EIA crest is also found highly related with EEJ strength in spring (r = 0.69) and summer (r = 0.65) than autumn (0.5) and winter (r = 0.47), though EEJ is stronger in autumn than spring.     

HMX炸药特性的密度泛函理论

应用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,在6-31G(d)和6-31++G(d)基组水平上对HMX炸药进行了研究,计算得到了中性分子和离子的稳定构型,并确定了分子的电离能。通过对HMX红外振动光谱的理论计算和研究,发现振动光谱主要分布在I(0~1 750 cm-1)和II(3 000~3 250 cm-1)两个区域,且整个红外光谱中振动峰的实际数目远小于简正振动的数目。此外,与中性分子的红外光谱相比,HMX+的谱线强度整体要大于HMX分子的谱线强度,且最强峰和次强峰与中性分子相比出现了明显的红移。     

卫星在轨失效统计分析

从故障影响的设备、范围、时间特性等方面,对20世纪70年代以来国内外卫星272次典型在轨故障进行了分析。研究发现,发生故障的设备和发生故障的时间等都存在明显的规律性。对这些故障特性的深入研究可以制定针对性的故障防护措施,以降低卫星故障的发生率,并有助于在故障发生后采取及时正确的措施以避免灾难性后果。基于上述研究,文章给出了卫星设计过程中有效规避故障的一些建议,以提高卫星的在轨存活率。     

遥测伪周期时间序列子序列异常检测算法

针对现有异常检测算法用于伪周期时间序列异常序列检测时易造成误差累积,导致序列周期与特征值上显著差异的不足,文章以卫星遥测伪周期时序数据为对象,综合两种常规分段方法的优势,提出了最大周期窗宽内基于极值的模式子序列分段算法。在此基础上,给出了一种基于均序列动态生成模型的子序列异常检测方法（AnomalySubsequenceDetectionmethodbasedonOptimizedSequenceModel,ASD_OSM）,并采用2次四分位距准则（DoubleQuantilerangescriterion,2Q准则）设置距离检测门限阈值,将超出阈值的序列判定为异常序列。某航天器传感器遥测子序列异常检测试验结果表明,提出的检测方法能够有效减少漏判,提高卫星遥测伪周期数据异常序列检测的准确性。