The onset of sunspot cycle 24 and galactic cosmic ray modulation

The annual mean sunspot number (SSN) has a minimum value in 2008, while the monthly mean SSN has a value of zero in August 2009. The galactic cosmic ray modulation for cycle 24 began at earth orbit in January 2010. We study the onset characteristics of the new modulation cycle using data from the global network of neutron monitors. They respond to time variations in different segments of the galactic cosmic ray rigidity spectrum. The corresponding temporal variations in the interplanetary magnetic field intensity (B) and solar wind velocity (V) as well as the tilt angle of the heliospheric current sheet are also studied. There is a lag of 3 months between a large, sharp increase of the tilt angle of the heliospheric current sheet and the onset of modulation. Some neutron monitors are undergoing long-term drifts of unknown origin.     

某遥感卫星热分析技术研究

基于卫星热试验与热分析状态差异性分析,根据某遥感卫星热分析和热平衡试验结果,用综合虚拟热试验和有限元的有限差分集成法对其热模型修正技术进行了研究。卫星在轨温度遥测结果表明热模型修正有效。     

氢原子钟的空间应用前景

氢原子钟仍是目前可移动的和实用的最高稳定度的时频标准。作为参考,10^-16稳定度的氢原子钟很适合空间科学测量。文章介绍了氢原子钟的特点及其在空间科学实验中的潜在应用前景。     

Marangoni heat pipe: An experiment on board MIOsat Italian microsatellite

This article summarizes the activities in preparation of a microgravity experiment to be carried out by using a small technological payload onboard a microsatellite developed by the Italian Space Agency. A dedicated hardware will be developed to investigate innovative heat pipes filled with self-rewetting fluids, i.e. dilute aqueous alcoholic solutions with unique surface tension properties. After a general introduction of the scientific background, the paper is focused on the main activities in preparation of the flight experiment, on the design of the flight hardware and on the experimental planned procedure. The laboratory results achieved on ground in preparation of a flight experiment are also presented, including measurements of fluids physical properties and preliminary heat pipes performances characterization test. From the engineering point of view, the activities dealing with heat pipes filling and sealing are included. The activities for heat pipe characterization conclude the paper.     

Variations of the magnetosheath ion flux and geomagnetic activity

The magnetosheath plays a dominant role in the Sun–Earth connection because the magnetosheath field and plasma actually interact with the magnetosphere. The interactions change the magnetospheric magnetic field from its nominal value through a long chain of different processes. The change is usually described by geomagnetic indices and thus it can be expected that these indices would reflect changes in the magnetosheath. The present paper analyzes the relation between geomagnetic activity characterized by changes of the K_p, D_ST and AE indices and ion flux measured in the night-side magnetosheath. The results suggest a weak dependence of the D_ST index on the ion flux in the inner magnetosheath that is connected with a magnetopause displacement. On the other hand, fluctuations of the ion flux in the analyzed frequency range do not correlate with any of the indices.     

捕获轨迹系统并联机构地面标定方法

捕获轨迹系统（CTS）是一种先进的预测外挂物投放轨迹的试验系统，普遍采用六自由度（6-DoF）串联机构作为其运动机构，串联机构因惯性力大和关节累积误差大使其定位精准度不足。相比串联机构，并联机构具有惯性力小和关节误差不累积等优点。采用6-PTRT并联机构作为CTS试验系统的六自由度运动机构，在空间受限的风洞环境中对CTS并联机构进行地面标定：提出动平台位姿的测量和计算方法，建立包含直线驱动平台安装夹角修正的标定模型，并基于非线性最小二乘法辨识结构参数。辨识后CTS并联机构的位移定位准度优于0.1 mm，姿态定位准度优于0.05°，最后以CTS并联机构和常规攻角机构进行8#标模的对比风洞试验。风洞试验结果表明，CTS并联机构的风载定位准度满足测力试验精准度要求。     

带控制律CTS试验的实现

FL24风洞在国内首次进行了带控制律的CTS试验,这是改进捕获轨迹试验方式的一次探索。文中对国内外研究现状、试验技术原理、实现过程进行了阐述。试验结果表明在加控制律的CTS试验中导弹的滚转角和偏航角输出趋稳,呈有控状态。     

先进风洞气源系统的研制与运行

系统包括空气压缩、空气处理、储气、冷却水供应和中央监控等五个分系统,空压机的吸入流量为248m3 min,排气压力为2.4MPa,成品气常压露点达-38℃,可以满足一座0.6m量级的高速风洞对气源的需要。该系统在与800m3储气容积配套时,能保证在气体流量达140kg s、持续时间达40s的风洞试验中,其总温变化不超过1.5K。     

Substorms and Their Solar Wind Causes

Consequences of the solar wind input observed as large scale magnetotail dynamics during substorms are reviewed, highlighting results from statistical studies as well as global magnetosphere/ionosphere observations. Among the different solar wind input parameters, the most essential one to initiate reconnection relatively close to the Earth is a southward IMF or a solar wind dawn-to-dusk electric field. Larger substorms are associated with such reconnection events closer to the Earth and the magnetotail can accumulate larger amounts of energy before its onset. Yet, how and to what extent the magnetotail configuration before substorm onset differs for different solar wind driver is still to be understood. A strong solar wind dawn-to-dusk electric field is, however, only a necessary condition for a strong substorm, but not a sufficient one. That is, there are intervals when the solar wind input is processed in the magnetotail without the usual substorm cycle, suggesting different modes of flux transport. Furthermore, recent global observations suggest that the magnetotail response during the substorm expansion phase can be also controlled by plasma sheet density, which is coupled to the solar wind on larger time-scales than the substorm cycle. To explain the substorm dynamics it is therefore important to understand the different modes of energy, momentum, and mass transport within the magnetosphere as a consequence of different types of solar wind-magnetosphere interaction with different time-scales that control the overall magnetotail configuration, in addition to the internal current sheet instabilities leading to large scale tail current sheet dissipation.     

基于方向投影的堑壕和交通壕自动检测

对航空照片上堑壕和交通壕的判读是野战工事判读中一项重要的内容，对堑壕和交通壕影像的检测是该项判读工作的技术基础。本文提出了航空照片图上的基准点，并给出了基于方向投影基准点的堑壕和交通壕自动检测方法。