基于单脉冲和差信号矢量的交叉眼干扰辨别方法

针对交叉眼干扰对单脉冲雷达测角的影响，分析了交叉眼干扰信号在单脉冲和差通道中的信号矢量情况，提出了基于单脉冲和差信号矢量的交叉眼干扰辨别方法。经仿真分析表明:该方法能够有效辨别交叉眼干扰。     

格栅尾翼布局的姿轨控直接力气动力特性研究

针对防空反导拦截导弹拦截高突防能力目标的需求，研究了格栅翼与直接力控制结合使用的创新型导弹布局的气动性能。使用计算流体力学(CFD)方法计算了新型布局在不同姿轨控组合喷流时的气动干扰特性，对比研究了典型设计点的无喷、单喷口喷流、组合喷流的全弹主要气动分量和部件气动力。研究结果表明:格栅翼应用于高空高速的弹道末端时，格栅内部不会出现壅塞现象;组合喷流的姿轨控可解耦，在气动力数学模型建模时可以主要针对轨控的气动干扰量进行建模，从而极大的简化气动数学模型，减少型号研制成本。研究结论可推广到一般的在弹道末端纯直接力控制的布局气动力数学建模中。     

Sun CubE OnE: A multi-wavelength synoptic solar micro satellite

The Sun cubE onE (SEE) is a 12U CubeSat mission proposed for a phase A/B study to the Italian Space Agency that will investigate Gamma and X-ray fluxes and ultraviolet (UV) solar emission to support studies in Sun-Earth interaction and Space Weather from LEO. More in detail, SEE’s primary goals are to measure the flares emission from soft-X to Gamma ray energy range and to monitor the solar activity in the Fraunhofer Mg II doublet at 280 nm, taking advantage of a full disk imager payload. The Gamma and X-ray fluxes will be studied with unprecedented temporal resolution and with a multi-wavelength approach thanks to the combined use of silicon photodiode and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) -based detectors. The flare spectrum will be explored from the keV to the MeV range of energies by the same payload, and with a cadence up to 10 kHz and with single-photon detection capabilities to unveil the sources of the solar flares. The energy range covers the same bands used by GOES satellites, which are the standard bands for flare magnitude definition. At the same time SiPM detectors combined with scintillators allow to cover the non-thermal bremsstrahlung emission in the gamma energy range. Given its UV imaging capabilities, SEE will be a key space asset to support detailed studies on solar activity, especially in relation to ultraviolet radiation which strongly interacts with the upper layers of the Earth’s atmosphere, and in relation to space safety, included in the field of human space exploration. The main goal for the UV payload is to study the evolution of the solar UV emission in the Mg II band at two different time scales: yearly variations along the solar cycle and transient variations during flare events. The Mg II index is commonly used as a proxy of the solar activity in the Sun-as-a-star paradigm, in which solar irradiance variations in the UV correlate with the variations in stratospheric ozone concentrations and other physical parameters of the Earth high atmosphere. SEE data will be used together with space and ground-based observatories that provide Solar data (e.g. Solar Orbiter, IRIS, GONG, TSST), high energy particle fluxes (e.g. GOES, MAXI, CSES) and geomagnetic data in a multi-instrument/multi-wavelength/multi-messenger approach.     

航天大功率电动伺服系统功率驱动设计及验证技术

针对运载火箭30 kW以上功率等级电动伺服控制驱动器的研制要求，设计了一种强环境适应的大功率绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)功率驱动模组。通过对火箭固体助推发动机工作环境分析，设计了基于光耦驱动器件的功率驱动与保护电路;为有效提升功率驱动模组在高压大电流工作时的可靠性，采用降低功率主回路杂散电感与IGBT有源钳位闭环控制相结合的方法，有效抑制IGBT在大电流关断时的电压尖峰;通过对动力电进行滤波处理，有效解决高压高频信号通过线缆传输时对控制驱动器内、外部的电磁干扰问题;通过IGBT功率驱动电路的单双脉冲测试及连续功率测试，有效验证IGBT功率驱动模组的高压驱动能力，为大功率电动伺服系统的可靠性提供技术支撑。     

非参数化迭代自适应SAR射频干扰抑制方法

合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar，SAR）的成像质量与图像解译精度会因为空间中存在的射频干扰（Radio Frequency Interference，RFI）而下降。本文在加权最小二乘迭代自适应算法的基础上，提出了非参数化的迭代自适应RFI抑制方法。该方法在成像处理前增加了对RFI的预检测环节，在初步检测出存在RFI的数据部分后只对存在RFI的数据进行SG（Savitsky-Golay，萨维茨基·戈莱）卷积平滑处理以提升对弱RFI的检测能力。利用带阻滤波器滤除存在干扰的频段后，使用迭代自适应处理在频谱中估计出被去除频段中的信号分量以获得期望的距离谱。与利用传统距离频率滤波方法进行RFI抑制相比，所提出的方法在图像细节保持方面效果更优，避免了因频谱不连续而导致的旁瓣增加，且运算效率更高。     

一种包含模糊与区间的统一混合可靠性模型

采用不同的数学工具描述设计变量不确定性时形成了现有的三种结构可靠性分析方法,分别为概率方法、非概率方法以及混合方法。单一的概率可靠性模型发展已经比较成熟,单一的非概率可靠性模型也有不少学者研究。然而尚没有建立包含概率、模糊、非概率的统一混合可靠性模型。本文先把模糊变量隶属函数转化为具有概率密度函数性质的函数,并结合区间可靠性度量获得统一混合可靠性模型。分析结果表明本文提出的混合可靠性模型计算方法可以有效的处理设计变量的不同客观事实。     

First measurements of periodicities and anisotropies of cosmic ray flux observed with a water-Cherenkov detector at the Marambio Antarctic base

A new water-Cherenkov radiation detector, located at the Argentine Marambio Antarctic Base (64.24S-56.62 W), has been monitoring the variability of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux since 2019. One of the main aims is to provide experimental data necessary to study interplanetary transport of GCRs during transient events at different space/time scales. In this paper we present the detector and analyze observations made during one full year. After the analysis and correction of the GCR flux variability due to the atmospheric conditions (pressure and temperature), a study of the periodicities is performed in order to analyze modulations due to heliospheric phenomena. We can observe two periods: (a) 1 day, associated with the Earth’s rotation combined with the spatial anisotropy of the GCR flux; and (b) $～$ 30 days due to solar impact of stable solar structures combined with the rotation of the Sun. From a superposed epoch analysis, and considering the geomagnetic effects, the mean diurnal amplitude is $～$ 0.08% and the maximum flux is observed in $～$ 15 h local time (LT) direction in the interplanetary space. In such a way, we determine the capability of Neurus to observe anisotropies and other interplanetary modulations on the GCR flux arriving at the Earth.     

雷达遥感卫星频率分配与射频干扰抑制:机遇与挑战

雷达遥感卫星作为一种重要的民用空间基础设施，能够实现全天时、全天候的高分辨对地观测，对推动科学进步、促进经济发展和维护国家安全具有重大战略意义。但随着全域无线电业务的快速增长，频率共享导致的兼容冲突日益加剧，衍生出的射频干扰已成为困扰定量化精确遥感探测性能的共性难题。本文系统地梳理了典型波段的对地观测业务频率分配现状，介绍了射频干扰的定义和影响机理，提出了模型数据混合驱动的干扰抑制新思路，并对面临的机遇与挑战进行了归纳总结，为新一代雷达遥感卫星的频率优化设计提供知识依据，进而保障其在复杂电磁环境的对地观测效能。     

典型卫星表面材质的近红外干涉光谱反演

为研究空间碎片表面材料发生镜面反射时的光谱特征,采用光纤光谱仪联合高精度测角光度计,测量了4种典型空间碎片材质在多种入射角下的可见-短波红外光谱反射率,发现三结砷化镓电池片和聚酰亚胺包覆膜的镜面反射光谱在近红外波段(1 000～1 800 nm)出现了明显的等倾干涉光谱条纹。进一步分析表明,该光谱条纹由空间材质本身的多层工艺结构特性引起,并运用相关分析法建模计算求得砷化镓层厚度为5.518 9μm,近红外折射率为3.472 4;聚酰亚胺层厚度为24.210 6μm,近红外折射率为1.707 4,反演结果与材质标称参数相符。实验结果表明:近红外谱段镜面反射光谱特征可用于多层结构的空间碎片材质的厚度、折射率等工艺特性反演,该方法可为卫星材质精细辨识提供新的研究思路。     

固液捆绑火箭上升过程喷流干扰特性及底部热环境研究

固体喷流和液体喷流的来流与喷流之间相互干扰，在喷流交汇碰撞区域使流场温度、压力特性发生变化，对箭体底部的加热效应增强。特别是含有固体颗粒的固体助推器喷流与液体芯级喷流混合，对传热特性产生明显影响。本文用连续相模型模拟气相、离散相模型(DPM)模拟固体粒子相、DO模型模拟含有固体粒子的介质辐射，对固液捆绑火箭在上升飞行过程中的气固两相喷流的演变过程进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明:在不同的发动机组合之间出现高温区域，并随着喷流扩张和飞行高度增加，高温区向箭体底部移动，喷流中小粒径固体颗粒分布在喷流与空气的边界混合层区域，大粒径固体颗粒分布在喷流交互中心区域，底部最大对流热流密度与辐射热流密度为90 kW/m²和400 kW/m²。将仿真实验结果与飞行试验数据进行了对比分析，发现两者吻合较好，验证了仿真结果的准确性。