KM6太阳模拟器冷却系统

太阳模拟器是在冷黑和真空环境中模拟太阳辐照的一种重要设备,其冷却系统主要用于太阳模拟器氙灯的冷却和光学组件的冷却。冷却系统主要由高压水冷却、低压水冷却、低压氮气冷却、氟里昂制冷和去离子水等5部分组成,文章分别介绍了它们的流程和特点。文章参考了ESTEC冷却系统的经验,对KM6太阳模拟器冷却系统进行了优化设计,特别采用了去离子水、密闭循环、模块化机组、PCL控制系统等多种技术,提高了系统的可靠性。此系统设计方法可以应用到其他类似太阳模拟器冷却系统和大型常温冷却系统的设计。     

金属/水反应冲压发动机进水管路的工作特性

基于水与金属燃料反应的水冲压发动机是一种新型的水下动力装置。进水管路是金属/水反应冲压发动机的一个重要部件。为了研究进水管路的工作特性,在理论分析和一维设计的基础上,设计出某一工作状态下的进水管路结构参数,并进行了数值模拟。结果表明,管路中出现汽蚀现象;随着出口压强的增大,总压损失减小,流量系数减小;随着来流速度的增大,总压损失增大,流量系数先增大后减小;随着工作深度的增加,总压损失增大,流量系数增大。     

压缩空气瓶内凝结水水位检测方法的探讨

由于压缩空气瓶在使用过程中会出现瓶内残留凝结水的现象,从而影响压缩空气瓶的容积,并产生化学腐蚀,影响气瓶的整体强度和耐压性能及其的寿命。为此,应掌握气瓶内凝结水水位情况,并且提高检测水位准确度。提出了一种利用气体状态方程来计算压缩空气瓶的冷凝水水位新见解,对压缩空气瓶的安全使用具有重要意义。     

谈浐灞半岛迎水面景观建设

随着社会现代化进程的加快,人们对水域空间的景观和休闲娱乐功能的要求也不断提高,论述了浐灞半岛迎水面景观建设的总体需求,要把握的基本原则和景观设计要注意的事项,以期改善水域空间景观,为居民提供安全舒适的休闲娱乐空间,进而提升地区形象,美化地区环境。     

中水回用技术在高校中的应用分析

针对当前水资源与水污染的形势，提出在高校建立中水回用系统，详细分析了高校中水回用的可行性及技术因素，包括中水原水的选择与收集、中水处理工艺的确定和中水回用的关健，指出高校中水回用的应用前景。     

Friction and Wear Properties of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Coatings in Water Lubrication

The friction and wear properties of amorphous carbon nitride(a-CN x)coatings in water lubrication were reviewed.The influences of mating materials and tribological variables such as normal load(W)and sliding speed(V)on the friction and wear properties of the a-CN x coatings were analyzed.It was indicated that the specific wear rate of the a-CN x coatings was related to the hydration reaction of mating materials with water.If the mating materials were easily hydrated,the specific wear rate of a-CN x coatings was low.The water-lubricated properties of the a-CN x coatings were better in comparison to the a-C coatings.The a-CN x/Si-based non-oxide ceramics tribo-pairs exhibited the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate.To describe their friction and wear properties at the normal loads of 3—15Nand the sliding speeds of 0.05—0.5m/s,the wear-mechanism maps for the a-CN x/SiC(Si3N4)tribo-pairs in water were developed.     

An assessment of semi-analytical models based on the absorption coefficient in retrieving the chlorophyll-a concentration from a reservoir

Monitoring chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in inland waters is crucial for water quality management, since Chl-a is a proxy for phytoplankton biomass and, thus, for ecological health of a water environment. Chl-a concentration can be retrieved through the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of a water system, which, in turn, can be remotely sensed obtained. Quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA), originally developed for ocean waters, can also retrieve IOPs for inland waters after re-parameterizations. This study is aimed at assessing the performance of sixteen schemes composed by QAA original and re-parameterized versions followed by models that use absorption coefficients as inputs for estimating Chl-a concentration in Ibitinga reservoir, located at Tietê River cascading system, São Paulo State, Brazil. It was verified that only QAA_V5 based schemes were able to obtain reasonable estimates for image data and that by four models tested presented similar and acceptable results for QAA_V5 outputs. The best model were applied to a Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) image. Light absorption in the reservoir showed to be dominated by colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and wide spatial and temporal variability of optical and water quality properties was observed.     

发动机吞水试验云雾特性数值模拟

吞水试验是测试飞机在雨天飞行时发动机性能的基本手段。喷水系统是吞水试验中构造水滴及水雾状态的关键部件,在保证液态水含量的同时还要满足液滴粒径和液滴分布的要求。通过CFD软件对喷雾系统进行数值模拟,得到各种因素对喷雾粒径的影响。发动机慢车状态时,水滴呈聚合趋势;最大状态时,水滴呈破碎趋势。提出一种喷水环形式的喷水系统,并对采用喷水环结构形式的喷水系统进行建模和数值计算,探讨其对外流场以及粒径变化产生影响。     

采暖空调技术改造对策综合分析

本文对北京一高层建筑采暖空调系统进行了技术改造方案论证，通过对技术先进性及适用性、改造繁简程度、设备寿命以及运行等诸方面的综合技术分析，确定采用新型螺杆冷水机组＋燃气热水锅炉的方案。新的供暖空调系统安全高效运行并提供了高品质人工环境。     

利用雨水改善城市地下水位下降现状的探讨

本文指出了目前城市建设和排水系统中对雨水以“排”为主是形成地下水位下降的主要原因。指出城市规则和建设与城市排水系统的建设，应该做为一个整体系统来统筹，对雨采取“渗、蓄、排”三者相结合的方针，为雨水向地下渗透提供通道，改善地下水位下降的现状。并就此提出了一些设想和建议。