Estimating sea level rise around Australia using a new approach to account for low frequency climate signals

Regional sea level studies help to identify the vulnerable areas to the sea level rise. This study investigates the impact of climate modes on sea level variations and trends around Australia using altimetry data, climate indices, and sea level records from tide gauge stations. Here, we show that the sea level variations are negatively correlated with climate indices to the north and west of Australia. The spectral analyses of the climate indices and tide gauge data suggest that a low frequency signal with a period of 11 years emerges during the mid 1980s. Since the 25-year length of the satellite altimetry record is yet too short to detect low frequency signals, their effect on the estimation of regional sea level trend is unknown. Therefore, we estimate the sea level trend with consideration of this signal and using a two-step method. All signals with periods shorter than 7.5 years are first removed from sea level time series and then the trend is estimated using the parametric model that includes the 11-year signal. The skill of the parametric model in explaining the variations in sea level anomaly validates the presence of the 11-year signal detected in the spectrograms of the tide gauge data and climate indices. The average sea level trend for the study area is estimated as 3.85 ± 0.15 mm/year.     

计及频率变化的感应电动机负荷特性分析

对于异步联网系统中网架结构比较薄弱的省网系统或者系统解列后形成的孤岛,发生故障时会引起比较大的频率波动,在此情况下对感应电动机进行建模时考虑其频率特性尤为重要。基于感应电动机一阶机械暂态模型,利用解析法分别推导出不同负载特性下稳态及动态转差率关于系统频率的表达式,并在此基础上计算吸收的有功功率和无功功率,进而分析感应电动机的功率频率特性。在MATLAB中建立感应电动机五阶电磁暂态仿真模型,仿真分析不同负载特性感应电动机的功率频率特性。仿真结果与理论推导结果吻合,验证了在简化模型下推导得到的感应电动机频率特性解析式的正确性和有效性。     

挖掘周期性一般关联规则

在事务数据库中的周期性一般关联规则可以揭示类的不同层次之间的关系和呈现周期性变化。这些信息对于识别在关联中的趋势和预测非常有用。由于数据噪声对发现周期性一般关联规则的巨大影响 ,文中用噪声比来抑制数据噪声对发现周期性一般关联规则的影响。同时根据对周期性与一般高频集之间关系的分析 ,利用周期裁剪技术来节省挖掘时间 ,给出了 (Cyclic general-ized itemsets,CGI)算法。实验证明 ,该算法可高效地发现周期性一般关联规则。     

叶片掠对跨声转子进口流动的影响

选择NASA Rotor 37跨声转子作为原型叶片,在叶片90%展高以上通过移动叶型基元的弦向位置构造叶尖掠特征,共有包括原型转子、2个前掠转子和2个后掠转子等5种不同叶型几何的算例.利用数值模拟软件计算得到5种转子的总体特性并获得三维流场.结果表明:叶尖前掠减小了叶片尖部进口的平均攻角,而后掠则使攻角增大.引入周向平均无黏动量方程,计算出由周向平均所产生的周向不均匀源项及径向平衡方程的各项数值,并对比其在5个转子进口的分布规律及其与攻角变化之间的关联.通过改变进口的流动平衡,叶尖前掠使轴向速度增大、周向速度减小,进而使得攻角减小;后掠则在叶尖起到了相反的效应.采用这种准三维方法研究了叶片掠对叶片进口流场的影响.      

液体火箭发动机故障的数值型关联规则挖掘

数值型关联规则的算法大多是将多值属性关联规则挖掘问题转化为布尔型关联规则挖掘问题,而连续属性的离散化是数值型关联规则的核心问题。本文基于数值型关联规则的理论,用一种数理统计的方法进行连续属性的离散化。将该方法应用于某大型液体火箭发动机稳态段的热试车数据,然后利用FP-Growth算法对其进行测试,挖掘出了故障数据,进而验证了其可行性。     

Tide variation monitoring based improved GNSS-MR by empirical mode decomposition

Global Navigation Satellite System multipath reflectometry (GNSS-MR) technology has great potential for monitoring tide level changes. GNSS-MR techniques usually extract signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) residual sequences using quadratic polynomials; however, such algorithms are affected considerably by satellite elevation angles. To improve the stability and accuracy of an SNR residual sequence, this study proposed an SNR signal decomposition method based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD). First, the SNR signal is decomposed by EMD, following which the SNR residual sequence is obtained by combining the corresponding intrinsic mode function with the frequency range of the coherent signal. Second, the Lomb–Scargle spectrum is analyzed to obtain the frequency of the SNR residual sequence. Finally, the SNR frequency is converted into the tide height. To verify the validity of the SNR residual sequence obtained by EMD, the algorithm performance was assessed using multigroup satellite elevation angle intervals with measured data from two station, SC02 in the United States and RSBY in Australia. Experimental results demonstrated that the accuracy of the improved algorithm was improved in the low-elevation range. The improved algorithm demonstrated high monitoring accuracy, and the effective number was not less than 80% of the total in SC02, which means it could effectively describe the trend of the tide with accuracy of approximately 10 cm, meanwhile, the RMS error of RSBY could be reduced by 30 cm, to the maximum extent. The EMD method effectively expands the range of available GNSS-MR elevations, avoids the loss of effective information, enhances considerably the utilization rate of GNSS data, and improves the accuracy of GNSS-MR tide level monitoring.     

Effects of sector structure of the interplanetary magnetic field on the upper mesosphere–lower thermosphere dynamics

In this paper we study the influence of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) polarity changes caused by the Earth passing through the IMF sector boundary on the dynamic processes taking place in neutral atmosphere within the altitude interval of the upper mesosphere–lower thermosphere (83–101 km). The analysis has revealed the influence of the IMF sector structure on dynamics of the upper mesosphere–lower thermosphere. There has been a significant seasonal variation of the wind reaction to the IMF polarity changes observed. The influence of the IMF polarity changes on neutral atmosphere dynamics within the altitude range of 83–101 km is most pronounced in the zonal component of neural wind when the IMF polarity changes from negative to positive in all the seasons except for spring and when IMF polarity changes from positive to negative – in spring only.     

试析概念隐喻理论与动物反谚语的认知阐释

概念隐喻不仅是一种语言现象,从根本上讲,是一种认知现象。本文首先介绍了Lakoff&Johnson的概念隐喻理论,然后介绍了动物反谚语的形成规律。最后,通过对其中一条反谚语"All sb`s swans are geese"的认知分析,得出以下结论:读者对反谚语的解读取决于文本信息、读者自身的知识结构以及相关的社会阅历和日常生活知识等诸因素。     

Dependence of the 27-day variation of cosmic rays on the global magnetic field of the Sun

We show that the higher range of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry of the solar wind speed in the positive polarity period (A > 0) than in the negative polarity period (A < 0) is one of the important reasons of the larger amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity in the period of 1995–1997 (A > 0) than in 1985–1987 (A < 0). Subsequently, different ranges of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry of the solar wind speed jointly with equally important corresponding drift effect are general causes of the polarity dependence of the amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity. At the same time, we show that the polarity dependence is feeble for the last unusual minimum epoch of solar activity 2007–2009 (A < 0); the amplitude of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity shows only a tendency of the polarity dependence. We present a three dimensional (3-D) model of the 27-day variation of GCR based on the Parker’s transport equation. In the 3-D model is implemented a longitudinal variation of the solar wind speed reproducing in situ measurements and corresponding divergence-free interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) derived from the Maxwell’s equations. We show that results of the proposed 3-D modeling of the 27-day variation of GCR intensity for different polarities of the solar magnetic cycle are in good agreement with the neutron monitors experimental data. To reach a compatibility of the theoretical modeling with observations for the last minimum epoch of solar activity 2007–2009 (A < 0) a parallel diffusion coefficient was increased by ∼40%.     

基于功率保持的辅助动力装置引气性能计算模型

以带负载压气机辅助动力装置(APU)为对象,分析了其结构特点与工作原理,针对目前工程上常用的APU引气性能计算模型的不足,建立了基于APU与空气涡轮匹配的总体性能数学模型和负载压气机变几何部件特性插值模型。在此基础上,研究了APU功率调节规律,获得了轴功率负载、APU涡轮前温度、排气温度与负载压气机进口导叶角度之间的匹配关系,进而实现了APU全包线内和全工况下的引气性能计算。利用GTCP131-9A试验数据对模型进行了验证,结果表明:引气流量计算误差小于3%,引气压力计算误差小于4%;功率保持下的APU涡轮前温度限制值仅与轴功率负载大小有关,与进气温度无关。研究结论对于带负载压气机APU总体性能计算和调节规律设计提供了参考。