超声疲劳研究

超声疲劳试验方法省时、节能,适用于材料的长寿命疲劳和低速率裂纹扩展研究。近年来该试验技术和理论研究日益发展成熟。超声疲劳不仅属于疲劳学和断裂力学的基础研究,而且其成果已应用于航空、航天等工业领域。着重介绍超声疲劳研究的进展。     

Comparative anatomy of the day- and night-time radar echoes from the 130–170 km region of the low latitude ionosphere

Recent observations of daytime 150 km echoes made from Gadanki have revealed ‘descending layer type’ echoing pattern, which are remarkably different from their well known ‘necklace’ pattern. These descending layer type echoing pattern have close resemblance to those of the nighttime valley region echoes that are presumably linked with the intermediate layer formed by the meridional wind shear associated with the semidiurnal/terdiurnal tidal winds. The observed close resemblance between the two echoing patterns reminds the plausible role of the semidiurnal/terdiurnal tidal wind and metallic ions in the governing physical processes. We present a comparative anatomy of these two echoing phenomena by making a close examination of the radar observations from Gadanki. Importantly, we bring out the similarities and dissimilarities in their characteristics and discuss the results in the light of currently available theoretical frameworks in an effort to further our understanding on the origin of these echoing phenomena, which have been addressed so far in isolation.     

超声疲劳试样设计

介绍了超声疲劳试样的设计计算方法,给出了谐振状态下不同形式、尺寸试样中沿其谐振长度方向的位移、应力分布。结果表明:狗骨形试样中,中间等截面段尺寸对试样中应力的大小、分布影响很大。分析狗骨形试样应力放大系数表明,应力放大系数随着试样中间等截面段直径的减少会有显著增加,随着试样中间段长度的增加,应力放大系数也相应降低。     

多区聚焦技术在粉末高温合金微缺陷检测中的应用

针对大厚度粉末高温合金材料中微缺陷的检测难题,采用多区聚焦检测技术,对粉末高温合金微缺陷试样进行了检测灵敏度、信噪比和C扫描成像试验,并与普通单一探头聚焦检测结果进行比较.试验结果表明,多区聚焦技术检测灵敏度高,信噪比好,对于厚度75mm粉末高温合金材料中的微缺陷具有较好的检测效果.     

Developing a novel radial ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding device and evaluating its performance in machining PTMCs

Particle-reinforcing titanium matrix composites(PTMCs) exhibit the sharp raising applications in modern industries owing to its extraordinary physical and mechanical properties. However, the poor grindability and unstable grinding processes due to the existence of TiC particles and TiB short fibres inside PTMCs, leading to the sudden grinding burn and low material removal rate.In this work, a novel radial ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding(RUVAG) device with a special cross structure was dev...     

碳纤维复合材料层板冲击损伤的空气耦合兰姆波成像检测

非接触式超声兰姆波方法能够对大面积复合材料板材进行快速检测,在自动成像检测上有着突出的优势。针对碳纤维/树脂基复合材料(CFRP)层压板采用空气耦合超声探头激励出A0模态兰姆波。在含冲击损伤的层板试样的同一侧激发和接收兰姆波进行扫描检测,针对冲击损伤区域以互相正交的两个方向进行兰姆波扫查,获得了不同位置的检测信号。对比在有无缺陷处板材中兰姆波传播信号的特征,对采集信号进行频域分析,以无缺陷处信号值为基准,利用信号差异系数(SDC)作为特征值,将扫查信号数据采用特征值全加和全乘的数据融合方法进行了缺陷形貌重构成像。成像结果能够良好的体现出冲击损伤的位置和两个方向的尺寸大小。     

卫星在轨推进剂补加量测量方法精度研究

卫星在轨推进剂补加量的精确测量技术是在轨补加任务的关键技术之一。本文结合型号攻关结果，提出2种在轨推进剂补加量测量方法数学模型，分别是压力-体积-温度(PVT)法和超声波流量计法。首先，PVT法是一种通过补加前后受体卫星贮箱剩余量反算补加量的间接测量方法，而超声波流量计法是利用超声波顺逆流相位差进行测量的直接测量方法;其次，在推进剂补加量测量模型的基础上，进一步通过取变分的手段提出2种模型的精度分析解析模型，解析的精度分析模型不仅可用于定性分析影响测量精度的因素，还可量化评价各个因素对测量精度的影响;最后，利用现有在研单机的精度水平及精度分析解析模型分析了2种方法的测量精度，验证了方法的有效性。