低雷诺数非细长三角翼绕流流动结构实验研究

通过水洞流动显示实验对低雷诺数非细长三角翼绕流流动结构进行了研究,特别是前缘剖面对50°三角翼绕流涡结构的影响及存在双涡结构时模型的最大后掠角.实验表明,双涡结构对染色液的注入位置很敏感,且这一双涡结构现象在64°三角翼绕流中仍可观测到;此外,前缘剖面形状严重影响涡破裂位置及涡核的空间分布.与迎风面倒角前缘相比,背风面倒角的三角翼易于产生双涡结构、可以推迟涡破裂并使涡核靠近模型上表面,进而有利于提高三角翼的气动特性.     

基于改进Sobel算子的边缘检测车牌定位方法

车牌定位是自动识别的关键步骤,而在整个车牌定位过程中,边缘检测是其中的一项重要环节和关键技术。文中在分析了目前常用的边缘检测方法后,给出了一种基于Sobel算子的改进边缘检测方法。实验结果证明具有较好的检测效果。     

基于联系数系统态势排序的目标威胁综合评估

对防空导弹将要拦截的目标进行威胁程度评估,通常是先分析影响目标威胁程度的因素,并赋予各因素权重,计算各因素在某时刻的状态值并规范化,再通过加权求和综合合成; 根据合成结果对多个目标的威胁程度作出排序,求出威胁程度最大的目标。文章阐明了采用以上的加权求和计算有时会失效,指出失效的主要原因来自加权求和模型自身,可改用基于联系数系统态势排序的目标威胁综合评估解决这一问题。     

超声速环型引射器启动特性试验研究

建立了超声速环型引射器空气引射试验台,对高工况下环型引射器启动特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,环型引射器启动压强明显高于运行压强;试验发现,引射马赫数越高,混合室收缩比越大,引射器启动压强越高。     

不同边界层厚度下高马赫数进气道自起动过程研究

为了探寻入口边界层厚度变化对高马赫数进气道自起动性能的影响,对简化的二元高马赫数进气道的加速自起动过程进行数值仿真研究,分析了边界层厚度对自起动过程中流场波系结构变化和自起动性能的影响机制,获得了不同边界层厚度下的进气道自起动性能及主分离包高度的变化规律。结果表明:随着边界层相对厚度从0.05增加至0.3,进气道的自起动马赫数一开始保持不变,然后快速增大;相同主流条件下,不起动流场跨越主分离包无量纲压升和主分离包高度随边界层相对厚度的增大均变小;边界层动量损失厚度和跨越主分离包无量纲压升对进气道起动性能影响重大。     

锯齿单元对起落架/舱体耦合噪声抑制试验

当前中国民用飞机高速发展，噪声排放问题受到广泛关注。在飞机起降阶段，飞行高度较低且处于机场附近，其噪声直接影响到机场地面周围环境。该阶段内起落架噪声占比较大，成为研究的重点。此外，起落架在收放过程中，除自身脱落涡产生的噪声外，当起落架舱门开启时，舱体空腔内产生自持性振荡噪声，与起落架噪声一起形成更为复杂的起落架+舱体耦合噪声，直接影响到整个着陆系统噪声水平，因此研究起落架与舱体耦合噪声产生机理和抑制措施显得尤为必要。以简化的起落架及其舱体为研究对象，提出一种低马赫数（0.2Ma/0.25Ma）条件下，利用前缘锯齿扰流单元对起落架/舱体耦合噪声进行抑制的方法，并在0.55 m×0.4 m航空声学风洞进行试验验证。首先，从起落架及其舱体耦合噪声产生原因进行分析，分别明确起落架和舱体在耦合噪声各个频段的贡献作用。随后，在舱体空腔前缘安装锯齿扰流单元，以改变自由来流状态，验证降噪措施；同时采用参数化研究方法，研究锯齿扰流单元不同偏角对降噪效果的影响。最后，将起落架模型安装于舱体空腔内，分析锯齿扰流单元对耦合噪声的抑制能力。研究结果表明，锯齿形扰流单元对舱体腔体噪声与起落架/舱体耦合噪声具有明显降低作用，在本试验条件下，30°安装角最佳。预期成果可以应用于起落架/舱体耦合降噪。     

Predicting lean blow-off of bluffbody stabilized flames based on Damköhler number

Lean Blow-Off(LBO) prediction is important to propulsion system design. In this paper,a hybrid method combining numerical simulation and Da(Damk?hler) model is proposed based on bluffbody stabilized flames. In the simulated reacting flow, Practical Reaction Zone(PRZ) is built based on OH radical concentration, and it is considered to be the critical zone that controls LBO.Da number is obtained based on the volume-averaged parameters of PRZ. The flow time scale(s_f)indicates the residence time of the fresh mixture flowing through the PRZ. It is obtained based on the characteristic length and volume-averaged axial velocity of the PRZ. The chemical time scale(s_c) indicates the shortest time needed to trigger the reaction of the mixture. It is obtained by commercial software CHEMKIN through monitoring the transient variation of the reactor temperature. The result shows that the average Da number under different LBO conditions is 1.135(the Da number under each LBO condition ranges from 0.673 to 1.351). This indicates that the flow time scale and chemical time scale are comparable. The combustion is in a critical state where LBO is easy to occur. With the increase of the fuel mass flow rate(the global fuel/air ratio increases from 0.004761 to 0.01095), s_f increases from 0.001268 s to 0.007249 s, and s_c decreases from 0.00124 s to0.00089 s. Accordingly, Da number increases from 1.023 to 8.145, which shows that the combustion becomes more stable. The above results show that the method proposed in the present study can properly predict the LBO limits of combustors, which provides important technical supports for combustor design and optimization.     

Experimental investigation of boundary layer transition over a delta wing at Mach number 6

An experimental study on the boundary layer transition over a delta wing was carried out at Mach number 6 in a quiet wind tunnel. The Nano-tracer-based Planar Laser Scattering (NPLS) and Temperature-Sensitive Paints (TSP) techniques were used to measure the fine flow field structure and the wall Stanton number of the delta wing. The influence of factors such as the angle of attack and the Reynolds number was studied. The following results were obtained. The boundary layer transition between the leading edge and the centerline was dominated by the crossflow instability. At the location of the initial appearance of the traveling crossflow waves, the Stanton number began to rise. The Stanton number reached a maximum when the crossflow waves were broken up to turbulence. Increasing the angle of attack increased the spanwise pressure gradient at the windward side of the delta wing, thereby increasing the crossflow instability and advancing the boundary layer transition front. However, increasing the angle of attack caused the transition front to move backward at the leeward side. In addition, the sensitivity of the boundary layer transition to the Reynolds number varied with the angle of attack and the region.     

碱金属引射下的高超声速尾流的数值模拟

高超声速化学非平衡尾流的分析与计算是空气动力学中的一个重要课题。本文采用二阶精度的中心差隐格式，求解了抛物化的Ｎ－Ｓ方程，得到了高空２０ＫＭ及６０ＫＭ非平衡尾流的数值解，研究了碱金属引射对尾流电子密度的影响。计算结果表明引射碱金属对尾流电子密度影响明显，尾流电子密度因此增加了１～３个量级。文中化学反应模型采用十组元模型，组元包括Ｏ２、Ｎ２、Ｏ、Ｎ、ＮＯ、ＮＯ＋、Ｏ－２、Ｎａ、Ｎ＋ａ以及ｅ－。     

FL-7风洞M数的模糊控制方法

FL 7风洞是以三台航空发动机为动力的跨音速风洞 ,通过调节发动机转速、柔壁及旁路活门开度来实现对M数的控制。影响M数的因素较多 ,很难建立精确的数学模型 ,为了提高M数控制速度和精度 ,在新改造的FL 7风洞测控系统中 ,采用了模糊控制、自学习等控制策略 ,取得了良好的效果。笔者对控制方法和控制规则作了介绍。