跨声速压气机多圆柱孔式处理机匣设计与扩稳机理研究

基于对跨声速轴流压气机内部失稳触发机制的认识,设计了一种新型多圆柱孔式处理机匣结构。对带该处理机匣的跨声速轴流压气机转子Rotor-37的内部流动进行了全三维非定常数值模拟,结果表明该新型多圆柱孔式处理机匣结构可使压气机的综合裕度提高6.5%,而最高效率点效率仅降低0.19%。对多圆柱孔式处理机匣的扩稳机理进行了详细分析,结果表明处理机匣能有效消除低速流体团引起的通道阻塞现象,并将低速阻塞流体团抽吸进入处理机匣容腔,然后从前端喷口预旋喷出以抑制叶顶区域的流动分离,从而有效提高跨声速轴流压气机的失速裕度。     

WTO规则与增值税改革

加入世界贸易组织后 ,结合其规则来调整我国的增值税政策显得十分急迫。作者分析了现行增值税的缺陷 ,并提出了调整增值税的具体措施。     

超高强铝合金LC9的超塑性研究

工业牌号超高强铝合金LC9经过两种不同方式的预处理后,在一定的温度和应变速率范围内呈现出良好的超塑性。材料经过形变热处理(TMT)后,在最佳超塑性条件下拉伸(T_(TMT)=515℃,ε_(TMT)=1.66×10~(-3)s~(-1)),获得很高的延伸率δ_(TMT)=1300％,低的流变应力σ_(TMT)=1.7MPa和高的应变速率敏感性指数m_(TMT)=0.66。经过简单锻造预处理后,在最佳超塑条件下(T_f=405℃、ε_f=1.66×10~(-3)s~(-1)),材料仍能获得δ_(f)=380％、σ_(f)=16MPa、m_(f)=0.3。TMT预处理中,η相粒子分布状态对获取微细组织起着决定性作用,η相的回溶降低了材料的空洞敏感性,抑制试样早期断裂。经过两种方式预处理的试样超塑性断裂形式分别为空洞型失稳断裂和颈缩型稳定断裂。     

中国空间大功率微波部件微放电抑制表面处理技术最新进展

材料表面的二次电子发射会触发和维持空间高功率射频器件的共振雪崩放电现象,这种现象又被称为微放电效应。微放电效应是限制空间大功率微波部件应用的关键问题之一。从微放电作用的机理出发,首先介绍了两种微放电类型（单表面与双表面）的基本物理机理;然后总结了当前主流的微放电抑制方法并给出各自应用于空间大功率微波部件时的限制。针对空间大功率微波部件微放电抑制的特殊问题,综述了国内近5年来在表面处理法抑制微放电领域的研究成果并预测了微放电抑制技术的发展趋势。     

粉末GH4169 合金中的原始颗粒边界问题

探讨了粉末GH4169高温合金中的原始颗粒边界的形成机理、其对合金组织性能的影响以及消除措施等。结果表明:粉末GH4169合金中原始颗粒边界组织主要由MC碳化物构成,而在粉末成型前进行预热处理可以有效抑制原始颗粒边界组织的生成,提高合金综合性能。     

热处理温度对硬铬镀层性能的影响

研究了热处理温度对硬铬镀层性能的影响.发现经过200～300℃1*#h热处理,镀层硬度明显提高,耐磨性得到改善,但硬度和耐磨性的最优点对应不同的热处理温度.对镀层XPS分析表明,热处理过的镀层中有有机碳化物析出.对镀层的EDAX分析表明,热处理使镀层表面氧含量增高,但对镀层微裂纹数量和宽度没有明显影响.对镀层的XRD实验结果表明,热处理后镀层的晶体结构未发生改变.     

Flow Stability Model for Fan/Compressors with Annular Duct and Novel Casing Treatment

A three-dimensional compressible flow stability model is presented in this paper, which focuses on stall inception of multi-stage axial flow compressors with a finite large radius annular duct configuration for the first time. It is shown that under some assumptions, the stability equation can be obtained yielding from a group of homogeneous equations. The stability can be judged by the non-dimensional imaginary part of the resultant complex frequency eigenvalue. Further more, based on the analysis of the unsteady phenomenon caused by casing treatment, the function of casing treatment has been modeled by a wall impedance condition which is included in the stability model through the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions of the system. Finally, some experimental investigation and two numerical evaluation cases are conducted to validate this model and emphasis is placed on numerically studying the sensitivity of the setup of different boundary conditions on the stall inception of axial flow fan/compressors. A novel casing treatment which consists of a backchamber and a perforated plate is suggested, and it is noted that the open area ratio of the casing treatment is less than 10%, and is far smaller than conventional casing treatment with open area ratio of over 50%, which could result in stall margin improvement without obvious efficiency loss of fan/compressors.     

Twaron纤维的新型化学活化方法

以傅瑞德-克拉夫茨(Friedel-Crafts)反应为基础,活化处理Twaron纤维的惰性表面。对经过活化处理的Twaron纤维进行了单丝拔出(SFP)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外图谱(FTIR)、表面电子能谱(XPS),以及表面自由能等测试。测试结果显示,经过活化处理后,Twaron纤维表面因环氧基团的接枝而使表面自由能显著增加;纤维表面的结晶结构未发生显著改变,纤维的本体强度未降低;相对应的环氧树脂基复合材料的单丝拔出强度提高了约50%。     

Effect of Semi-solid Isothermal Heat Treatment on Microstructure of VW63Z Alloy

The effects of isothermal heat treatment on the semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z (Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.4Zr, wt.%) alloy are studied. It shows that the microstructure of VW63Z alloy could transform from equiaxed crystal to semi-solid spherical crystal after isothermal heat treatment above 620 ºC. With the heating temperature elevating from 620 ºC to 635 ºC and the holding time prolonging from 10 min to 35 min, the liquid fraction increases gradually. The semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z alloy can be divided into three stages, i.e., particle coarsening and spheroidization;particle necking, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening;and dynamic equilibrium. The semi-solid process window of VW63Z alloy ranges from 620 ºC to 635 ºC, where the best process parameters are holding at 635 ºC for 20 min?30 min. The solid fraction, the average particle size, and the shape factor are 41.1%?53.8%, 81.5 μm?83.2 μm, and 0.70?0.75, respectively. The maximum relative deviations of the solid fraction, the particle size, and the shape factor at different heights of the same billet are 44.6%, 17.4%, and 16.6%, respectively, which means that it should pay attention to the uniformity of edge and core of VW63Z alloy during isothermal heat treatment. The driving force of microstructure is supposed to be the reduction of solid-liquid interface free energy.     

软磁合金BYR1热处理工艺及磁性能研究

为了满足液体火箭发动机新型电磁阀更强环境适应能力和工作可靠性的要求,通过优化软磁合金BYR1的热处理制度来确保电磁阀工作的稳定性和可靠性.采用三因素三水平的正交试验对软磁合金的热处理制度进行优化,并对不同热处理制度下合金的磁性能和金相组织进行对比分析.结果表明:软磁合金BYR1的饱和磁感应强度值较稳定,基本不随退火温度和保温时间的变化而改变;而矫顽力对退火温度和保温时间较敏感,随着退火温度和保温时间的增加,矫顽力值有明显下降.合金组织的孪晶、晶粒度及析出相均对合金磁性能有一定的影响,孪晶数量越少、晶粒尺寸越大、晶内析出相越少,合金的磁性能越好.根据磁性能的试验结果得到了较优的热处理制度:1 200℃×360 min,至600℃后的冷却速度为150℃/h.