基于声波有限元分析法的发动机进排气系统噪声的研究

汽车发动机进排气系统的噪声在发动机总噪声中占有重要分量，因此需要积极采取降噪措施。通过建立发动机进排气系统的理论模型，利用声波有限元分析法对发动机进排气系统的噪声特性作出预测，并将实际计算结果与实测值进行比较，结果表明声波有限元分析法能有效地预测不同结构的进排气系统的噪声特性。     

计算流体力学中有限元的强间断处理

本文首次提出了无波动，无自由参数的有限元离散方法，它是基于矢通量分裂后其物理传播特性，利用差分格式构造过程中对激波上下游不同性质的分析，对一维Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程进行了仔细分析，并将其推广到二维，轴对称的无粘，有粘方中，从计算实践看，这种方法简便、实用，对激波，分离，激波与边界层干扰的复杂流场有较好的分辨能力和计算稳定性，比以往的迎风有限元，加入Ｌａｐｄｉｕｓ人工粘性修正的有限元有更好的流场分辨能力，使     

Radiation driven winds of hot stars: Theory of O-star atmospheres as a spectroscopic tool

The status of the continuing effort to construct radiation driven wind models for O-Stars atmospheres is reviewed. Emphasis is given to several problems relating to the fomation of UV line spectra the use of accurate atomic data, the inclusion of EUV radiation by shock heated matter, the simulation of photospheric line blocking.A new tool for O-star diagnostics is presented. This is based on the use of wind models to calculate synthetic high resolution spectra covering the observable UV region. A comparison with observed spectra then gives physical constraints on the properties of stellar winds and stellar parameters, additionally abundances can be determined.The astrophysical potential of this method is demonstrated by an application to two Of-stars, the galactic O4f-star -Puppis and the LMC O3f-star Melnick 42. With regard to effective temperatures and gravities, the results from the application of classical methods to the analysis of photospheric lines are only partially verified. Explanations for the shortcomings of classical NLTE methods are discussed.     

Spectral analyses of Wolf-Rayet stars: Theory,results, conclusions

Stratified Non-LTE models for expanding atmospheres became available in the recent years. They are based on the idealizing assumptions of spherical symmetry, stationarity and radiative equilibrium. From a critical discussion we conclude that this standard model is basically adequate for describing real Wolf-Rayet atmospheres and hence can be applied for quantitative spectral analyses of their spectra.By means of these models, the fundamental parameters have been determined meanwhile for the majority of the known Galactic WR stars. Most of them populate a vertical strip in the Herzsprung-Russell diagram at effective temperatures of 35 kK, the luminosities ranging from 10^4.5 to 10^5.9 L . Only early-type WN stars with strong lines and WC stars are hotter. The chemical composition of WR atmospheres corresponds to nuclear-processed material (WN: hydrogen burning in the CNO cycle; WC: helium burning). Hydrogen is depleted but still detectable in the cooler part of the WN subclass.Different scenarios for the evolutionary formation of the Wolf-Rayet stars are discussed in the light of the empirical data provided from the spectral analyses. Post-red-supergiant evolution can principally explain the basic observational properties, except the rather low luminosities of a considerable fraction of WN stars. Among the alternative scenarios, close-binary evolution can theoretically produce the least-luminous WN stars. However, final conclusions about the evolutionary formation of the WR stars are not yet possible.     

用有限元模拟试验对双层金属圆盘恒温器的研究

 五十年代初,wittrick将板的大挠度理用于双层金属圆盘,得到了恒温器产生屈曲所必须的最小初始挠度及其灵敏度计算公式。 七十年代,Henry和Coffin,应用Wittrick的方法,对双层金属圆盘作了进一步的分析。文中对长期在热循环条件下工作的恒温器开关温度的漂移问题罗列了多方面可能的因素,其中包括几何上的变化（疲劳裂纹,层间分离等）,材料物理性质在变温度环境下的变化，以及循环荷载下的残余塑性效应等。     

一种通用的冲击分析模型及低速冲击响应计算

 提出了一种通用的冲击分析模型,该模型采用连续介质理论描述,用拖带坐标定义摩擦冲击约束,用虚功原理定义冲击控制方程,可以作为不可刺穿型冲击问题的有限元求解基础。在此模型基础上,针对低速冲击问题,给出了采用自适应罚函数增广 Lagrange迭代处理接触力的有限元求解方法,既保证计算精度,又有效抑制算法震荡,并用算例进行了验证。     

控制增稳系统与机械操纵系统的相容性分析

本文通过分析控制增稳系统前馈环节对飞机操纵特性的影响,讨论控制增稳系统(CAS)与机械操纵系统(MCS)的相容性问题.最后从飞行力学的角度上,提出系统设计时应注意的几个问题.     

基于细观力学的复合固体推进剂模量预估方法

应用分子动力学方法得到了复合固体推进剂颗粒在基体内随机分布的填充模型。针对推进剂所含颗粒大小不同,采用细观力学有限元法和Mori-Tanaka分析法相结合的方法计算了推进剂的模量,计算所得模量与不同颗粒体积分数推进剂的单向拉伸试验结果比较吻合。此外,该方法可以获得推进剂细观结构应力,从而为推进剂的细观损伤分析奠定基础。     

复合材料层合板的二次失稳和破坏研究

 本文采用考虑横向剪切效应的三角形拟协调罚函数单元,推导了带有初始挠度的复合材料层合板在后屈曲阶段的增量平衡方程和相应的切线刚度矩阵,以及非线性特征方程,并以数值计算研究了单元的精度和收敛性,二次分支点的存在性和边界条件、加载方式及铺层次序对二次失稳和破坏载荷的影响。     

轴对称构件疲劳寿命预测的损伤力学-附加载荷-有限元法

 提出了一种实用有效的弹塑性损伤应力 -应变本构方程与损伤演化方程。针对中高周疲劳问题,发展了轴对称疲劳寿命预测的损伤力学 -附加载荷 -有限元法计算格式。通过引入塑性附加载荷,考虑了构件应力集中区域塑性变形对构件疲劳寿命的影响。预估了30 Cr Mn Si Ni2A材料含沟槽轴对称试件的疲劳裂纹形成寿命,并分析了疲劳裂纹的扩展情况。疲劳寿命理论预测结果与实验结果吻合良好。