航空器遭遇严重积冰天气分析

利用常规天气资料、NCEP/NCAR的1°×1°再分析资料对2012年3月19日发生在北疆沿天山地区强降水过程造成航空器严重积冰的天气进行了分析。结果表明:(1)500 h Pa西南急流和400 h Pa以上偏西急流的存在,配合中低空冷空气的补充,为积冰天气的形成提供了适宜的条件。(2)乌鲁木齐上空高湿层随时间逐渐下降,对应的温度、温度露点差向适宜积冰的区域变化,为强积冰天气提供了有利的温湿条件。(3)强积冰区存在一个弱的、持续性的垂直上升运动,垂直运动导致液态水聚集带形成,弱上升运动区对应发生强积冰合适的温湿高度层。(4)19日14时~20日02时,石河子到乌鲁木齐区域积冰指数是一个迅速增大的过程,强积冰区由石河子经呼图壁向乌鲁木齐蔓延,积冰高度随时间下降。     

基于密度权重的可靠性灵敏度分析方法

为了提高可靠性灵敏度求解数字模拟法的效率,提出了一种变量空间确定性低偏差均匀抽样与样本点处联合概率密度函数构造权重相结合的方法,来估计可靠性灵敏度。该方法通过均匀样本点处联合概率密度函数的权重保证了可靠性灵敏度的估计值收敛于真值,而由低偏差抽样代替原问题中的联合概率密度抽样则可以保证更低的误差阶以及在小失效概率条件下抽得的样本有更高的可能性落入失效域,从而保证了所提方法具有更高的收敛速度。另外,所提方法可以采用与独立变量相同的步骤来估计相关变量情况下的可靠性灵敏度,计算简便,适用范围广。算例充分证明了所提方法的优越性。     

压电阻抗技术用于铝板损伤检测的实验研究

为了实现对金属铝板的损伤检测,从而为航空装备提供高效、可靠的维修检测技术保障。介绍了压电阻抗技术用于结构损伤检测的基本原理,并以含裂纹铝合金圆片为对象开展了实验研究和深入探讨。研究结果表明,高频激励下,可以通过PZT电阻抗实部响应曲线谱的变化来识别结构损伤。同时引入了不同损伤下,PZT电阻抗实部相关系数偏差（1-R2）,以（1-R2）3来定义损伤指数,从而实现了损伤初步定量估计。     

样本重复使用失效响应曲线分析结构可靠度方法

用基于样本重复使用失效响应曲线逼近法,为充分利用迭代过程中的样本点,提出了样本重复使用的思想,并由此发展出一种结构可靠度的计算方法.利用可靠度指标作为收敛条件,从迭代收敛后的所有样本点中选取靠近失效界线处的样本点构造失效曲线响应函数,最后通过蒙特卡洛抽样的方法计算可靠度.多个算例表明:该响应函数避免了对传统意义上的功能函数响应面的模拟,降低了模型维数,又由于适当地 引入了带交叉项、具有曲线旋转功能的响应函数,因此能够很好地逼近失效曲线,有效地提高可靠度计算精度.      

复合材料胶接损伤的指数监测方法

为了监测复合材料胶接损伤,基于主动Lamb波和时频分析,提出了一种复合材料损伤监测的指数法。通过对Lamb波信号进行时频分析,提取波形包络。通过计算得到损伤散射信号,选取对损伤敏感的直达波波包,将此波包在结构出现损伤后的能量变化值与损伤前的能量之比作为损伤指示。该方法不用选择特定的Lamb波模式,解决了Lamb波在复合材料结构中存在的频散、多模式及模式转换给信号分析带来的困难。同时在复合材料胶接的损伤演化试验中,对该方法进行了应用验证研究。结果表明:该方法可以用于复合材料胶接损伤的定性和定量分析。     

A Prediction Method for△f0F2min of a Single Station From Interplanetary Parameters Based on Statistical Study

Using 86 CME-interplanetary shock events,the correlation between the peak values of （a） the solar wind parameters(B_z,E_y,P_dyn) and the geomagnetic indices（SYM-H,ASY-H,Kp）, （b） the coupling functions（Borovsky,Akasofu,Newell） and the geomagnetic indices,（c） the solar wind parameters/coupling functions/geomagnetic indices and the ionospheric parameter(Δf₀F_2min), are investigated.The statistical results show that in group（a）,B_{z min} and SYM-H_min have the best correlation,that in group（b）,the best correlation is between the peak values of Akasofu function (A_min) and SYM-H_min,and that in group（c）,the best correlation is between K_pmax andΔf₀F_2min. Based on the statistical results,a method for predicting f₀F₂ of a single station is attempted to be set up.The input is modified B_{z min} and the outputs are SYM-H_min andΔf₀F_2min.Then 25 CME-IPS events that caused geomagnetic storms in 1998 and 2009 are used to check the prediction method. The results show that our method can be used to predict SYM-H_min andΔf₀F_2min.     

A new spectral index to detect Poaceae grass abundance in Mongolian grasslands

The objectives of the present study were to develop a new index based on remotely-sensed data for detecting the abundance of grasses in the family Poaceae, which has a high palatability for livestock in Mongolia, and to map the distribution of these grasses in the semi-arid Mongolian steppes. We measured ground-based spectral reflectance of pure plant leaves – including Poaceae grasses – and soils, as well as in-situ in the Mongolian grasslands. The hyper-spectral data, taken by a spectroradiometer, were converted into four multi-spectral bands (i.e., blue, green, red, and NIR) to simulate satellite-based imagery data. In order to magnify the characteristics of the spectral signal of Poaceae, NGBDI (Normalized Green-Blue Difference Index), NGRDI (Normalized Green-Red Difference Index), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NNBDI (Normalized NIR-Blue Difference Index) were calculated from the four multi-spectral reflectance values. Poaceae Abundance Index (PAI) was derived by combining these four normalized difference indices. PAI was found out to be a good indicator to discriminate Poaceae grass from the other plant spectral data.     

Soybean cultivar selection for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs) – Hydroponic cultivation

Four soybean cultivars (‘Atlantic’, ‘Cresir’, ‘Pr91m10’ and ‘Regir’), selected through a theoretical procedure as suitable for cultivation in BLSS, were evaluated in terms of growth and production. Germination percentage and Mean Germination Time (MGT) were measured. Plants were cultivated in a growth chamber equipped with a recirculating hydroponic system (Nutrient Film Technique). Cultivation was performed under controlled environmental conditions (12 h photoperiod, light intensity 350 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, temperature regime 26/20 °C light/dark, relative humidity 65–75%). Fertigation was performed with a standard Hoagland solution, modified for soybean specific requirements, and EC and pH were kept at 2.0 dS m⁻¹ and 5.5 respectively.