大气环境监测卫星紫外高光谱大气成分探测仪技术发展及应用

大气环境监测卫星是我国民用空间基础设施中长期发展规划中的科研卫星。本文介绍了搭载于该卫星的新一代紫外高光谱大气成分探测仪，通过发展紫外高光谱大幅宽高分辨超光谱成像技术，使紫外谱段高光谱大气观测空间分辨率提升一倍，大幅提升气态污染物监测能力，取得良好的应用效果。     

小波与BP神经网络联合反演GNSS IR高精度水库水位变化

GNSS-IR技术作为一种近地表遥感的新兴手段，在水库水位监测方面凭借其成本低、精度高等优势成为了研究热点。为了提高GNSS-IR技术反演水库水位变化的精度，提出了利用GPS、BDS双系统观测量基于小波分解与BP神经网络联合的方法反演水库水位变化。选取位于南水北调山东境内双王城水库GNSS变形观测站2017年10月1日—12月26日共87天的信噪比(SNR）数据为研究对象，分别利用小波分解和二阶多项式拟合两种方法消除其趋势项并生成SNR残差序列，然后进行Lomb-Scargle谱分析得到水库水位高度变化值，并与实测水位结果相比较。结果表明：各频段SNR利用小波分解和二阶多项式反演水位变化的平均均方根误差分别为0.1062m和 0.2245m，说明小波分解去趋势项的方法更优。最后，在小波分解去趋势项的基础上，利用阈值筛选出融合所用的频段(S1C、S2L、S5Q和S7I），分别采用均值算法、中值算法、随机森林算法和BP神经网络算法对GPS、BDS多频多模信号进行水库水位的融合反演。结果表明，对于水面较为平静的环境，以上算法均能实现厘米级的反演精度，其中BP神经网络算法用于水位反演的效果更优。     

基于惯性辅助的北斗接收机完好性监测方法研究

针对传统卫星导航接收机在卫星数小于5颗及卫星星座构型不佳的情况下无法实现卫星故障识别与隔离的问题,结合卫星导航接收机在弹上的实际应用情况,利用惯导的辅助数据设计了一种基于多级Kalman滤波的北斗接收机完好性监测方案,给出了卫星导航接收机的RAIM滤波器结构与故障检测和隔离方法,并对其可用性进行了推导。该方案经过仿真分析及实验测试,结果表明在4颗可见星的条件下,可有效检测并隔离单星阶跃、慢速漂移、慢速随机等北斗卫星伪距和伪距率故障,从而使北斗接收机能够提供连续、精确的导航定位功能。     

CFRP切削过程中的监测控制研究进展

CFRP加工过程的实时监测和控制是提升零件最终加工质量的重要手段.本文从加工过程物理仿真、数学模型及智能模型三方面总结了 CFRP切削加工预测方法研究现状.同时,基于切削过程状态信息获取、特征信息提取以及监测模型构建等方面概述了刀具磨损和加工质量在线监测方法研究进展.在此基础上,探讨了关于在CFRP切削过程中切削力和振...     

基于数据分发服务动态发现的通信监控设计

数据分发服务（DDS）在复杂航电系统中的应用越来越广泛，其以数据为中心的发布/订阅机制，解决了复杂系统异构、分布式、动态扩展、互操作和可移植的问题，同时也带来了系统描述和通信监控的困难。基于DDS实体动态发现的原理，提出了一种能够动态构建应用主题类型化接口，实现对网络中DDS实体间通信进行监控的通用设计方法。该方法能够满足基于DDS网络的通信监控需求，提高复杂系统快速集成和联调排故的效率。     

POBI interpolation algorithm for CYGNSS near real time flood detection research: A case study of extreme precipitation events in Henan,China in 2021

In late 2016, NASA launched the first constellation of the global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) small satellites called the Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS). The stable data quality and continuous free availability of CYGNSS scientific data provided a new method for flood monitoring. However, owing to the pseudorandom distribution of CYGNSS data, researchers must always choose between high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution during the performance of flood monitoring based on CYGNSS data. For floods caused by extreme precipitation with sudden and short durations, the current flood mapping based on CYGNSS data cannot be updated in near real time. However, the near real time update of the flood distribution range is meaningful for postdisaster emergency response and rapid rescue. This study aimed to address this problem using a newly proposed spatial interpolation method based on previously observed behaviour (POBI). First, a method for calculating the surface reflectivity of the CYGNSS was introduced, followed by the principle of the POBI spatial interpolation method. The applicability of the POBI method in Henan Province, China, was then analysed, and by using the flood in Henan Province, China, in July 2021 as an example, the feasibility of CYGNSS near real time flood mapping based on the POBI method was evaluated. Based on the results, near real time and 3 km flood distribution monitoring results can be obtained using the proposed new method. The results were evaluated using MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) images and compared with the observations of SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) and GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) in the same period. The results show that the flooded areas obtained by CYGNSS correspond to the inundated areas in MODIS images and are also in high agreement with the SMAP. In addition, CYGNSS allows for finer mapping and quantification of inundation areas and flood duration. Moreover, we also discussed the potential of CYGNSS to detect floods in shorter periods of time (a few hours) and did a preliminary evaluation using precipitation data from meteorological stations. The results are also highly consistent.     

面向有效载荷的准实时在轨健康评估系统

卫星遥测数据通常有2种手段获得，一种是卫星经过地面测控站下传的实时遥测和延时遥测;另一种手段是通过数传分系统下传的全球遥测。全球遥测作为监视卫星载荷健康状态的主要手段，存在数据量大、文件数量较多、人工处理和判读工作量大等问题。针对该情况，提出准实时在轨健康监视系统的设计方案。该系统具备遥测源码定时获取、有效载荷遥测数据提取和解析、遥测数据存储、遥测数据自动判读和特征统计、超限报警、曲线显示和数据输出等功能，可对卫星有效载荷的健康状态进行准实时、自动化的监视和评估。     

航空发动机主轴轴承状态监测研究现状与发展趋势

航空发动机主轴轴承承受着高温、高速、重载、贫油、断油等极端工况,其疲劳、磨损等失效问题严重影响发动机的可靠性.因此,对航空发动机主轴轴承的使用状态进行有效精确监测极为重要.对航空发动机主轴轴承工况特点、主要失效模式和失效机制进行了梳理;针对主轴轴承的状态监测方法和技术,总结并对比分析了现有主轴轴承振动、滑油状态、声音、...