太阳电池电路深空探测服役环境与关键技术分析

针对月球、火星、木星等不同的深空探测任务,本文通过在轨服役环境分析,说明了火星探测火星表面光谱计算方法、火星光谱太阳电池设计思路、火星表面除尘技术路线及木星探测低温低光强技术风险。结合工程技术经验,给出了特殊任务应用条件下单片太阳电池推算整板输出功率的计算方法,解决了我国尚无特殊条件的瞬态大太阳模拟器作为整板输出功率测试地面模拟光源的工程难题,为相关科研人员提供参考。     

视觉测振技术在柔性太阳翼模态试验中的应用

针对8 m×5 m的柔性太阳翼在倒立状态下进行模态试验,设计数字摄像视觉测振系统,基于图像特征跟踪法实现了从相机标定、图像采集、信息提取到三维振动数据获取的过程,通过工况模态辨识方法获取了柔性太阳翼模态频率及振型等动力学参数。并考虑空气和重力影响建立太阳翼有限元模型,通过与基于基恩士激光位移传感器的传统模态试验结果及仿真分析结果进行对比,验证了基于视觉测振工况模态试验方法的准确性,为柔性太阳翼在轨模态辨识奠定基础。     

TDICCD相机在轨成像参数自主调整方法

为了改善光学遥感卫星的成像质量,提升卫星操控的灵活性,基于遥感成像理论,提出了依据太阳高度角的卫星在轨成像参数自主调整方法。文中首先讨论了影响卫星遥感成像质量的因素,分析了入瞳辐亮度随太阳高度角的变化规律及在不同侧摆角时,一个轨道周期内相机积分时间的变化范围,并据此建立了太阳高度角、侧摆角与积分级数、增益的对应关系。然后分析了太阳高度角和侧摆角的最佳分挡策略,最终得到了可用于卫星在轨成像参数自主调整的二维查找表,以实现卫星在轨成像参数自主调整。利用该方法可提升图像的辐射质量,极大减少了地面上注的数据量。     

考虑根铰间隙的空间框架展开机构动力学分析

利用Kane法多体动力学基本理论并考虑根铰间隙影响因素,建立适用于空间柔性太阳电池阵的多框架展开机构多体系统动力学模型,对框架展开机构的展开方式和展开过程进行仿真分析,获得了机构组成部件在展开过程中的几何位置、速度、加速度等动力学特性,分析了框架展开机构各个关节点运动特性、铰链间隙与外部驱动力的相互作用规律。结果表明：合理控制框架展开机构各运动部件的驱动力矩是保证框架按照确定规律展开的必要条件;根铰间隙对太阳电池阵框架展开机构角加速度影响较为明显,进而影响到展开框架展开过程的稳定性,对转角和角速度几乎没有影响;在进行空间太阳电池阵框架展开机构设计时应严格控制铰链轴间隙,并通过动力学仿真校核间隙对太阳电池阵展开过程的影响;研究结果为空间柔性太阳电池阵多模块框架展开机构设计提供指导。     

空间太阳能电站统一调度设计及电能管理分析

针对多旋转关节空间太阳能电站(Space Solar Power Station, SSPS),提出一种环形拓扑的电力系统架构。基于功率分层准则对SSPS电力拓扑架构进行设计,提出U1~U7共7个层级、母线电压5000V、功率等级为MW的太阳能电站电力系统。针对分层架构中多太阳电池阵子阵并联(U6层),提出分层功率平衡统一控制策略,对MPPT控制、MPPT控制+稳定直流母线电压混合控制、MPPT算法+下垂稳定直流母线电压混合控制三种控制方法开展仿真分析。结果表明,提出的基于虚拟阻抗的下垂控制策略可以有效调节、分配功率,解决了空间发电站母线电压无法稳定的问题。     

由太阳和地磁参数构成的信鸽导航原理仿真

根据信鸽导航理论和相关试验结果的分析,确定太阳高和地磁场参数的组合可以形成信鸽导航的环境基础.通过分析信鸽对太阳高度角、地磁倾角参数的可能利用过程,结合信鸽飞行路径的特点,确认了信鸽方向判断原理和逐渐趋紧的过程,并在此基础上,通过计算机程序对信鸽导航过程和分型线路进行了模拟,结果较为符合信鸽的飞行特点,并对信鸽导航的初步原理进行了分析和解释.     

Observations of the local interstellar medium with the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer

Because of the strong absorption of extreme ultraviolet radiation by hydrogen and helium, almost every observation with the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) satellite is affected by the diffuse clouds of neutral gas in the local interstellar medium (LISM). This paper reviews some of the highlights of the EUVE results on the distribution and physical state of the LISM and the implications of these results with respect to the interface of the LISM and the heliosphere. The distribution of sources found with the EUVE all-sky surveys shows an enhancement in absorption toward the galactic center. Individual spectra toward nearby continuum sources provide evidence of a greater ionization of helium than hydrogen in the Local Cloud with an mean ratio of H I/He I of 14.7. The spectral distribution of the EUV stellar radiation field has been measured, which provides a lower limit to local H II and He II densities, but this radiation field alone cannot explain the local helium ionization. A combination of EUVE measurements of H I, He I, and He II columns plus the measurement of the local He I density with interplanetary probes can place constraints on the local values of the H I density outside the heliosphere to lie between 0.15 and 0.34 cm^–3 while the H II density ranges between 0.0 and 0.14 cm^–3. The thermal pressure (P/k = nT) of the Local Cloud is derived to be between 1700 and 2300 cm^–3 K, a factor of 2 to 3 above previous estimates.     

Detailed magnetic structure and stochastic threshold

Non-linear evolution of reconnection is too slow to explain-by itself-fast phenomena such as internal disruptions in tokamaks or flares in the solar atmosphere. It has been proposed that the change in topology could lead to field line stochastization, and hence to highly increased transport. An important objection to this idea is that the increase of transport coefficients should smoothly follow the amplitude of the perturbation, while the observations show a catastrophic transition. We have shown 1) that the shape of the structures (and not only their size or amplitude) evolve during non-linear evolution 2) that the stochastic threshold can be strongly influenced by the detailed shape. Therefore, sharp transitions can appear during the evolution, due to the combination of these two effects. We will first consider an idealized situation, namely the two-waves problem in slab geometry, for which we will study the effect of the separatrix shape on the stochastic threshold. In the second part, we will present an application to the internal disruption in tokamaks, with anm=1 perturbation in a toroidal magnetic configuration. In the last part, we will discuss possible applications of the studies on shape effects to the behaviour of trapped particles in structures of the solar atmosphere.     

Dissipative Solitary Kinetic Alfvén Waves and Electron Acceleration in the Solar Corona

Nonthermal electrons play a major role during solar flares since not only they contain a large amount of the released energy but also they provide important information of the flaring physics through their nonthermal radiation in radio and hard X-ray bands. In a recent work Wu (Phys. Plasmas 10 (2003) 1364) proposed that dissipative solitary kinetic Alfvén wave (DSKAW) with a local shock-like structure could provide an efficient acceleration mechanism for energetic electrons in a low-β plasma. In the present paper dynamical characteristics of the DSKAW acceleration mechanism in solar coronal plasmas are studied and its application to the acceleration of flaring electrons is discussed.     

Working group 3: Coronal streamers

The working group on coronal streamers convened on the first day of the 2nd SOHO Workshop, which took place in Marciana Marina, Isola d'Elba, 27 September –1 October 1993. Recent progress in streamer observational techniques and theoretical modeling was reported. The contribution of streamers to the mass and energy supply for the solar wind was discussed. Moreover, the importance of thin electric current sheets for determining both the gross dynamical properties of streamers and the fine-scale filamentary structure within streamers, was strongly emphasized. Potential advances to our understanding of these areas of coronal physics that could be made by the contingent of instruments aboard SOHO were pointed out.