An active debris removal parametric study for LEO environment remediation

Recent analyses on the instability of the orbital debris population in the low Earth orbit (LEO) region and the collision between Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251 have reignited interest in using active debris removal (ADR) to remediate the environment. There are, however, monumental technical, resource, operational, legal, and political challenges in making economically viable ADR a reality. Before a consensus on the need for ADR can be reached, a careful analysis of its effectiveness must be conducted. The goal is to demonstrate the need and feasibility of using ADR to better preserve the future environment and to explore different operational options to maximize the benefit-to-cost ratio. This paper describes a new sensitivity study on using ADR to stabilize the future LEO debris environment. The NASA long-term orbital debris evolutionary model, LEGEND, is used to quantify the effects of several key parameters, including target selection criteria/constraints and the starting epoch of ADR implementation. Additional analyses on potential ADR targets among the existing satellites and the benefits of collision avoidance maneuvers are also included.     

载人航天器大气环境控制系统性能集成分析

考虑到载人航天器大气环境控制系统设计参数和控制参数众多,文章建立了一种载人航天器大气环境控制系统性能集成仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、航天员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块和二氧化碳净化模块。利用该模型对载人航天器常规工作模式下大气环境控制系统性能进行了计算分析,得到了在不同热负荷水平下载人航天器密封舱空气各个参数随在轨时间的变化趋势,结果表明:氧分压控制、二氧化碳净化和人区温湿度控制之间存在着密切的相互影响关系,不可孤立地进行分析。此外,文章还分析确定了非常规工作模式下热负荷水平允许上限,为载人航天器工作模式的确定提供了依据。研究结果有助于载人航天器大气环境控制系统的设计和流程改进。     

磁流变抛光KDP去除机理实验研究

针对KDP晶体质地软、脆性高、易潮解等不利于加工的材料特性,提出了基于潮解原理的无磨料非水基磁流变抛光新工艺,获得了表面粗糙度PV=13.7nm,Rms=1.1nm的超光滑表面。通过分析得出新型磁流变抛光通过溶解作用完成材料去除;实验证明新型液体抛光过程中,溶解作用占主导地位,机械去除作用很小,可忽略不计;去除效率随抛光区域剪切应力增大而增大,而正压力分布对去除效率没有影响。     

多舱段载人航天器空气环境控制系统性能分析

建立了一种多舱段载人航天器空气环境控制系统性能集成仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、乘员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块和CO2净化模块,并对两舱段载人航天器空气环境控制系统性能进行了计算分析。结果表明,舱间通风传热能力较差,造成组合体温湿度水平超出指标范围,而舱间通风传质能力较强,可实现氧分压水平和CO2分压水平的集中控制。提出了一种控制系统改进方案,在非主控舱段增设控温系统改善组合体空气温度水平,仿真结果表明,控制系统改进后组合体各空气环境参数均满足设计要求。该工作有助于加快载人航天器空气环境控制系统的设计和改进流程。     

ICAN: A novel laser architecture for space debris removal

The development of a fiber based laser architecture will enable novel applications in environments which have hitherto been impossible due to size, efficiency and power of traditional systems. Such a new architecture has been developed by the International Coherent Amplification Network (ICAN) project. Here we present an analysis of utilizing an ICAN laser for the purpose of tracking and de-orbiting hyper-velocity space debris. With an increasing number of new debris from collisions of active, derelict and new payloads in orbit, there is a growing danger of runaway debris impacts. Due to its compactness and efficiency, it is shown that space-based operation would be possible. For different design parameters such as fiber array size, it is shown that the kHz repetition rate and kW average power of ICAN would be sufficient to de-orbit small 1–10 cm debris within a single instance via laser ablation.     

微细旋转超声加工材料去除机理及试验

文摘分析旋转超声加工材料去除机理,建立材料去除效率模型,探讨工艺参数对加工效率的影响规律;对压电陶瓷、有机玻璃、玻璃钢、紫铜等多种材料,进行单一超声和旋转超声加工材料去除效率对比试验,研究旋转超声加工方式对加工过程稳定性及加工效率的影响。结果表明:旋转超声加工可在保持原超声加工精度基础上,显著提高材料加工效率,且对较难超声加工材料(如有机玻璃),旋转超声提高其加工效率的效果更为显著。     

Investigating the soil removal characteristics of flexible tube coring method for lunar exploration

Compared with other technical solutions, sampling the planetary soil and returning it back to Earth may be the most direct method to seek the evidence of extraterrestrial life. To keep sample’s stratification for further analyzing, a novel sampling method called flexible tube coring has been adopted for China future lunar explorations. Given the uncertain physical properties of lunar regolith, proper drilling parameters should be adjusted immediately in piercing process. Otherwise, only a small amount of core could be sampled and overload drilling faults could occur correspondingly. Due to the fact that the removed soil is inevitably connected with the cored soil, soil removal characteristics may have a great influence on both drilling loads and coring results. To comprehend the soil removal characteristics, a non-contact measurement was proposed and verified to acquire the coring and removal results accurately. Herein, further more experiments in one homogenous lunar regolith simulant were conducted, revealing that there exists a sudden core failure during the sampling process and the final coring results are determined by the penetration per revolution index. Due to the core failure, both drilling loads and soil’s removal states are also affected thereby.     

一种提高伪码跟踪精度的主峰锁定法

考虑BOC调制信号主峰锁定的不确定性以及采用DLL环的不足与缺陷,提出了一种提高 伪码跟踪精度的主峰锁定法。通过多峰去除处理达到了去除副载波的目的,从而去 除副峰引发的模糊性,恢复单峰值特性;通过变采样率处理,结合NVELP伪码跟 踪处理对提炼的主峰进行相位锁定。从有效性、信噪比容限角度进行仿真与评估 ,得出结论：主峰锁定法不但可以达到对BOC调制信号主峰提取及相位锁定的目的,而且可 以正确输出导航电文信息。
     

铣削过程中误差预测与补偿技术研究进展

 研究铣削过程的机理,对于实现加工过程的精密化与高效化至关重要。介绍了国内外铣削仿真模拟的研究进展,阐述了数值计算方法以及有限元技术在铣削误差控制中的具体应用。对切削力建模方法、表面误差预测方法、材料去除建模方法以及误差补偿等关键技术进行了重点介绍,并对各关键技术所包括的核心思想、算法及仿真流程进行了详细讨论。最后对铣削过程误差控制技术的发展方向做出了展望。