导轨移动式冗余度操作臂的运动学分析

简介了导轨移动式冗余度操作臂系统的设计与实现.利用指数积(POE)方法进行了系统建模,对该操作臂系统进行正、逆运动学分析,同时对系统避奇异的理论方法进行研究,给出了方法的计算机仿真结果.在系统运动学分析中,充分利用了系统结构的几何特点,体现了系统简化分析和实际性能优化并重的思路.该运动学的分析方法具有一定的普遍性,对其它机器人系统的分析有一定的借鉴意义.      

Design of Electrical/Mechanical Hybrid 4-Redundancy Brushless DC Torque Motor

This article presents a novel electrical/mechanical hybrid 4-redundancy brushless DC torque motor (BLDCM), which has found applications in direct drive actuators (DDA) of aerial vehicles. This motor is characteristic of electrical/mechanical hybrid 4-redundancy by securing two stators along with two rotors on the same shaft. Each stator contains two sets of windings embedded in separated slots. Furthermore, compared to the scheme of two electrical dual-redundancy BLDCMs linked by a mechanical transmission, the proposed motor has lower volume and lighter weight, eliminates the nonlinearity caused by the gap of the mechanical transmission, moderates the requirement for the torque balance between redundancies and reduces the cogging torque by shifting the magnets. Both magnetic circuit calculation and the finite element analysis (FEA) of the electromagnetic field are conducted to optimize the design process. A prototype motor has been produced and tested. The results indicate that its performances comply with the requirements presented by designers. Moreover, the position frequency response of the prototype in the DDA's unloaded situation has also demonstrated the fulfillment of desired dynamic characteristics.     

仪表着陆系统设备混合监控网络构建

针对传统仪表着陆系统设备"点-点"遥控监控方式易中断,影响运行安全这一问题,提出了一种基于光纤与线缆的"多点-环网"混合监控方案。光纤与线缆互为补充,互为备份,并且当某路监控链路故障时,可自动选择其它监控路径,有效提高仪表着陆系统设备监控效率,增加监控冗余度,为我国民用机场导航监控提供一种新思路。该方案已经成功在重庆江北机场运行。     

基于综合指标的最优冗余陀螺配置确定方法

陀螺是航天器控制系统中的关键姿态敏感器,其主要采取冗余措施进行配置。针对航天器控制系统设计中如何进行陀螺冗余配置的问题,提出了一种确定最优冗余陀螺配置的方法,该方法综合考虑了系统的可靠性、精度、成本代价等综合指标。首先,以工程中普遍采用的陀螺斜置式为对象,系统性给出了陀螺斜置式的安装结构,并以测量误差最小为目标确定出确定安装数目下的最优陀螺冗余安装结构。其次,结合实际工程经验对陀螺冗余配置的综合性能指标进行详细系统的分析。然后,利用优化评价方法以综合指标为基础对不同安装数目下的陀螺冗余安装结构进行综合评价,确定出陀螺冗余配置的最优安装数目,即最优冗余陀螺配置。最后,利用该方法对实际工程中的斜置式陀螺冗余配置进行分析和计算。结果表明,当陀螺的安装数目为7时为最优冗余配置,该结论对实际工程具有理论指导作用。     

基于马尔可夫链的空间站推进1553B通信系统可靠性分析

推进功能的正常实现为空间站长期在轨运行提供重要保障。1553B通信系统作为推进功能的重要组成部分,承担着推进系统与外界进行数据交互的任务,其可靠性设计至关重要。为提高1553B通信系统可靠性,分别对包含数据隔离芯片在内的远程终端及其处理器进行双余度冗余设计。本文通过建立故障树对1553B通信系统可靠性进行分析,并引入平均无故障时间、可靠度等定量指标,基于马尔科夫链建立可靠性模型进行定量计算。结果表明,1553B通信系统平均无故障时间增加1.947倍,可靠度增长3.89%,故障概率则下降超98%,由此验证了双余度冗余设计能够有效地提升1553B通信系统的可靠性。     

机器人问题求解中的评价函数及矛盾和冗余的消除

本文提出了一种求解复杂的机器人问题的算法,该算法采用子问题求解与分层策略相结合,在动作规划过程中,建立了初始状态下的前指针和目标状态下的后指针,并形成一个决定动作排序优先级的评价函数,按不同的空间和时间段的差异,将全局的动作序列划分为若干子区域。本算法证明只需在子区域范围内消除冗余和矛盾,即可大大地提高系统的效率,在子区域范围内出现矛盾时,用优先级高的动作取代优先级低的动作,变矛盾为冗余,最后保留排在最前面的动作,而删除后面相同的动作,即消除了冗余。     

SpaceWire CODEC的容错设计和实现

对SpaceWire CODEC进行容错设计是提高其可靠性的重要途径.分析SpaceWire协议的容错性能,介绍SpaceWire CODEC的容错设计方法,通过故障汇入和仿真验证了容错设计的有效性.     

Application of Analytic Redundancy-based Fault Diagnosis of Sensors to Onboard Maintenance System

Analytic redundancy-based fault diagnosis technique (ARFDT) is applied to onboard maintenance system (OMS). The principle of the proposed ARFDT scheme is to design a redundancy configuration using ARFDT to enhance the functions of redundancy management and built in test equipment (BITE) monitor. Redundancy configuration for dual-redundancy and analytic redundancy is proposed, in which, the fault diagnosis includes detection and isolation. In order to keep the balance between rapid diagnosis and binary hypothesis, a filter together with an elapsed time limit is designed for sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) in the process of isolation. Diagnosis results would be submitted to central maintenance computer (CMC) together with BITE information. Moreover, by adopting reconstruction, the designed method not only provides analytic redundancy to help redundancy management, but also compensates the output when both of the sensors of the same type are faulty. Our scheme is applied to an aircraft’s sensors in a simulation experiment, and the results show that the proposed filter SPRT (FSPRT) saves at least 50% of isolation time than Wald SPRT (WSPRT). Also, effectiveness, practicability and rapidity of the proposed scheme can be successfully achieved in OMS.     

余度捷联惯导系统连续自动标定技术

以余度捷联惯导系统为研究对象,提出了一种新的连续自动标定技术.从惯导系统误差模型出发,推导了这种连续自动标定技术的原理方程,指出在特殊旋转路径下由系统导航解算输出的速度误差将包含惯性器件误差的相关信息.依据惯性器件误差逐级分离的观点,设计了标定旋转路径.在设计的转台连续旋转轨迹下,利用卡尔曼滤波器可以获得全部常值误差项的精确估计.通过构建余度捷联系统标定仿真平台验证了这种技术的有效性.仿真结果表明,与传统的多位置翻滚标定方法相比,该技术标定精度高,操作简单易行,具有较好的工程应用价值.     

双摄像机光笔式三维坐标测量系统研究

基于双目立体视觉传感器三维测量模型和空间坐标变换原理,采用最小二乘冗余算法,讨论了双摄像机测量空间三维点坐标的基本原理,建立了视觉测量系统的非线性测量方程。通过实验验证了双摄像机光笔式三维坐标视觉测量系统建立的可行性。