气膜孔内局部堵塞对气膜冷却特性的影响

在吹风比为0.3~1.5,堵塞比为0.1~0.5范围内,对平板上单排倾斜气膜孔内局部堵塞所引起的冷气射流流动和冷却特性变化进行了数值研究,分析了堵塞比、堵塞位置和吹风比对绝热气膜冷却效率的影响.在研究参数范围内的研究结果表明:气膜孔出口端前缘的局部堵塞有利于抑制肾形涡,对气膜孔下游的绝热气膜冷却效率有改善作用,并且随着堵塞比和吹风比的增加,对冷却效果的改善越为明显.而在气膜孔出口端尾缘或侧边的堵塞则在较大的堵塞比下削弱气膜冷却效果.相对于气膜孔出气端的局部堵塞,在气膜孔进气端和中部的堵塞对绝热气膜冷却效率的影响要微弱得多.     

民用飞机客户服务系统数据模型设计研究

对民用飞机客户服务的业务范围进行了详细的剖析,构建客户服务系统概念架构模型,结合数据逻辑主题域进行归纳与总结,建立大型客机客户服务的企业数据架构。同时．研究了数据模型设计的通用流程,并选取了飞行训练层面的数据模型进行示例解释。     

肋角度对气膜冷却特性的影响

在光滑二次流通道的基础上,分析对比了两种带肋通道(135°肋和45°肋)对气膜冷却特性的影响.采用瞬态液晶测试技术获得了气膜孔下游表面传热系数比与气膜冷却效率分布.使用Fluent软件RANS数值方法对相应结构进行了数值模拟,并使用了realizable k-ε湍流模型.光滑二次流通道模型中,气膜孔内流线呈螺旋状分布,导致较大的孔内速度分离与流动损失.冷气射流分成两部分,其中一股形成一对偏斜的对转涡.135°肋结构中,二次流通道上部分的旋转涡为顺时针方向,使得气流易于流入气膜孔,气膜孔内流线呈直线分布.45°肋结构中,二次流通道上部分旋转涡为逆时针方向,增强了气膜孔内旋转涡.45°肋结构中冷气流入气膜孔之后的流动结构与光滑二次流通道结构相似.135°肋结构气膜冷却效率最大而表面传热系数比最低.     

S形蒙皮零件成形工艺

通过运用S3F软件对S形蒙皮拉形过程进行模拟仿真分析,评估S蒙皮拉形工艺性;预测拉形过程中将产生的缺陷;制定合理工艺方案;优化零件设计和模具结构;实现了该蒙皮零件在数控蒙皮拉伸机上的拉形。     

空间站维修性系统设计与验证方法研究

空间站在轨运行时间长,因此需采用维修性设计和在轨维修的方法实现长寿命高可靠在轨运行。根据维修性设计理论,结合工程实际,提出了基于产品特性分析的维修需求分析方法和维修支持下的可靠度计算方法。明确了系统维修性设计应包括布局、供电、信息、故障检测、维修工作模式等设计内容。并根据维修难度,提出了四级维修策略。最后根据在轨维修特点,提出了地面试验验证和仿真验证的方法。为空间站系统维修性设计提供了一个技术途径。     

弹塑性梯度材料热机耦合分析的有限元方法

陶瓷/金属功能梯度材料(FGMs)的组份及性能梯度分布,在航空航天高温热结构中有重要应用。材料性能在空间上的连续变化给这类结构强度设计的有限元分析造成了一定困难,针对上述问题,提出一种热弹塑性梯度有限元方法。该方法通过编写有限元软件ABAQUS的材料用户子程序(UMAT)来实现,在UMAT中将FGMs的弹塑性本构模型参数定义为空间坐标的函数;用热弹塑性梯度有限元方法对陶瓷-FGMs-金属典型的三明治板结构进行热机械分析。结果表明:FGMs组分布函数对其热应力分布有很大的影响,特别是在三明治结构的界面上,影响更为突出,这和现有文献的实验结果相符。     

Probing the first stars and black holes in the early Universe with the Dark Ages Radio Explorer (DARE)

A concept for a new space-based cosmology mission called the Dark Ages Radio Explorer (DARE) is presented in this paper. DARE’s science objectives include: (1) When did the first stars form? (2) When did the first accreting black holes form? (3) When did Reionization begin? (4) What surprises does the end of the Dark Ages hold (e.g., Dark Matter decay)? DARE will use the highly-redshifted hyperfine 21-cm transition from neutral hydrogen to track the formation of the first luminous objects by their impact on the intergalactic medium during the end of the Dark Ages and during Cosmic Dawn (redshifts z = 11–35). It will measure the sky-averaged spin temperature of neutral hydrogen at the unexplored epoch 80–420 million years after the Big Bang, providing the first evidence of the earliest stars and galaxies to illuminate the cosmos and testing our models of galaxy formation. DARE’s approach is to measure the expected spectral features in the sky-averaged, redshifted 21-cm signal over a radio bandpass of 40–120 MHz. DARE orbits the Moon for a mission lifetime of 3 years and takes data above the lunar farside, the only location in the inner solar system proven to be free of human-generated radio frequency interference and any significant ionosphere. The science instrument is composed of a low frequency radiometer, including electrically-short, tapered, bi-conical dipole antennas, a receiver, and a digital spectrometer. The smooth frequency response of the antennas and the differential spectral calibration approach using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique will be applied to detect the weak cosmic 21-cm signal in the presence of the intense solar system and Galactic foreground emissions.     

Tear Resistance of Orthogonal Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU Film

This work seeks to investigate the notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of orthogonal Kevlar-plain woven fabric (PWF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) film applied to high altitude balloon. Four types of specimens are implemented to measure notched strength and fracture toughness by conducting static tension and tear tests on an MTS system respectively. The damage and failure mechanisms are discussed and the results for notched strength and tear resistance are evaluated and compared with each other. From the experiments, it is found that the notch sensitivity of the film increases with the increase in the size of the hole, but the notch sensitivity and the stress concentration of the notch are insignificant and there is a decrease of only about 4%-10% in tensile strength for the notched specimens with different hole sizes in diameter compared with the unnotched specimen. In contrast, the tear resistance containing a central slit with only 1 mm length is about half of tensile strength of the unnotched film, which implies that the tear resistance exists an significant notch sensitivity. The results of this study provide an insight into notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of the Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU film and constitute a fundamental basis for the design of high altitude balloon.     

航天器软件风险集成管理方法

为确保航天器软件产品功能、性能符合任务需求,安全、可靠地完成飞行任务,需要对其进行风险管理。文章首先介绍了软件风险管理理论研究现状;然后结合航天器软件强实时性、高可靠性和安全性、维护困难等问题,提出了基于系统集成思想的软件风险控制方法;最后以某航天器为例介绍了该套方法的应用成果。研究结果可为识别航天器软件风险,提高软件产品质量提供参考。     

纳米Sn-Zn-Fe复合氧化物气敏材料的研制

本文采用纳米材料制备技术（共沉淀法），制备了十二种Ｓｎ－Ｚｎ－Ｆｅ复合氧化物气敏材料，将其制成元件后，进一步测试了气敏性能。结果发现其敏感度比用ＳｎＯ２、ＺｎＯ和Ｆｅ３Ｏ４机械混合制得的烧结元件大为提高，且有较好的选择性。