Modelling Dynamic Spatial Systems in the Situation Calculus

Abstract

We propose and systematically formalise a dynamical spatial systems approach for the modelling of changing spatial environments. The formalisation adheres to the semantics of the situation calculus and includes a systematic account of key aspects that are necessary to realize a domain-independent qualitative spatial theory that may be utilised across diverse application domains. The spatial theory is primarily derivable from the all-pervasive generic notion of “qualitative spatial calculi” that are representative of differing aspects of space. In addition, the theory also includes aspects, both ontological and phenomenal in nature, that are considered inherent in dynamic spatial systems. Foundational to the formalisation is a causal theory that adheres to the representational and computational semantics of the situation calculus. This foundational theory provides the necessary (general) mechanism required to represent and reason about changing spatial environments and also includes an account of the key fundamental epistemological issues concerning the frame and the ramification problems that arise whilst modelling change within such domains. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that based on the structure and semantics of the proposed framework, fundamental reasoning tasks such as projection and explanation directly follow. Within the specialised spatial reasoning domain, these translate to spatial planning/re-configuration, causal explanation and spatial simulation. Our approach is based on the hypothesis that alternate formalisations of existing qualitative spatial calculi using high-level tools such as the situation calculus are essential for their utilisation in diverse application domains such as intelligent systems, cognitive robotics and event-based GIS.     

SketchMapia: Qualitative Representations for the Alignment of Sketch and Metric Maps

More and more private citizens collect and publish environmental data via web-based geographic information systems. These systems face two challenges: The user interface must be intuitive and the processing of geographic information must account for cognitive impact. We propose to use sketch maps as the medium for interaction, because they reflect a person's spatial knowledge. Information from sketch maps is distorted, schematized, incomplete, and generalized and metric maps are not. This article employs qualitative representations for the alignment of sketch and metric maps. We suggest a set of cognitively oriented aspects in sketch maps stably computed by people and evaluate qualitative representations to formalize these aspects. This allows us to align and integrate geographic information from sketch maps.     

T尾不同支持刚度的颤振分析研究

建立了T尾有限元模型,以及T尾带后机身等不同支持情况的动力学模型,并分别分析了它们的固有频率特性。为了简化计算规模,只进行一般地定性研究,忽略了T尾平尾有攻角、安装角或上反角引起的附加的广义气动力的影响,用偶极子网格法计算了临界颤振速度,并分析了不同的颤振特性。最后,得出后机身的不同支持刚度对T尾的临界颤振速度影响的趋势曲线。本次计算结果为以后的T尾的颤振分析打下了基础,为后机身的刚度分配提供了宝贵的数据支持。     

区域导航星座分析设计研究

导航星座设计涉及诸多参数的优化组合,星座设计目标就是寻找一组参数组合,使其构成的星座在指定覆盖区域既能获得最优星座性能,又节省系统建设成本和星座长期维持费用.在详细论述导航星座性能指标及其可用性算法,以及导航星座参数设计因素的基础上,进一步提出了半分析式区域导航星座设计方法,并综合分析得到4种区域导航星座设计方案.最后,通过对比研究星座性能指标及定位精度仿真结果,初步说明区域导航星座设计方法和设计方案的可行性和合理性.      

基于改进层次分析法的机场道面综合评价

以机场道面的损坏状况、平整性能、抗滑能力和承载能力四个方面作为机场道面的使用性能评价指标,较为系统地建立了机场道面使用性能的评价体系：提出了基于改进层次分析方法和模糊理论的机场道面综合评价模型,对机场道面的使用性能从整体上进行综合评判,结合实例验证了模型的准确性和可行性。     

基于FFMECA的任务可靠性综合评价方法

任务可靠性的评价是武器装备研制生产过程中的重要工作内容,任务阶段的FMECA评价多从定性的角度进行,未考虑故障模式影响程度的定量指标。基于模糊数学思想,结合FMECA分析中的故障模式影响概率,形成FFMECA分析方法;并在此基础上,将那些影响任务完成的故障模式以定量的形式进行区分,进行考虑故障模式影响概率的任务可靠性评价,并以可撒布地雷为例开展了任务阶段的定量与定性分析。结果表明:本文方法紧密结合可靠性前期工作,对武器装备可靠性评价流程进行了规划,对可靠性评价方法的工程应用具有一定的指导意义。