基于四元数的单目视觉物体位姿测量方法

对基于点特征的单目视觉定位算法进行了研究,设计了一种5点平面靶标,在五个特征点的基础上提出了一种基于四元数的单摄像机位姿测量方法。建立了四元数空间变换矩阵,然后再根据特征点在世界坐标系下的坐标值以及特征点在CCD成像面上的坐标值,在空间投射的基础上利用最小二乘法求解出靶标的四元数空间变换矩阵,从而求得靶标的空间位姿。通过实验对该单目视觉定位方法进行验证,实验结果表明：测量模型平移定位精度达到了,旋转定位精度达到了。     

可折叠弹翼支架中双弹翼同步问题的分析与研究

根据巡航导弹可折叠弹翼支架中传动链的结构特点,通过分析产生双弹翼展开不完全同步的客观因素,指出现有结构的不足之处,提出能够保证双弹翼同步展开到位的全新改进方案。详细介绍新设计方案的工作原理和实施新方案应注意的具体措施,并提出在新产品的方案设计阶段,从技术经济学的观点出发,实现结构设计与现有工艺水平互动的设计方法。     

考虑依赖性的多部件系统状态维修优化仿真建模

针对多部件系统状态维修决策建模存在的不足以及现有模型难以推广到实际应用的问题,提出考虑经济、结构和随机3种依赖性的多部件系统仿真建模和优化方法.首先,利用Gamma退化过程对部件退化进行描述,并给出模型参数估计方法.然后,结合多部件系统的维修作业流程、组成关系和故障历史等信息,分别提出经济依赖性强度矩阵、结构依赖性可达矩阵和随机依赖性概率矩阵对3种依赖性进行建模.最后,同时考虑部件级和系统级决策,构建多部件系统期望周期费用仿真模型,并针对该仿真模型特点,提出了用单纯形算法(NMA)改进的遗传算法(GA)优化求解的过程.某电传系统实例仿真结果表明:多部件系统的3类依赖关系对维修决策的影响不可忽略,考虑依赖性和成组维修的存在能够节省平均维修费用,且使得维修决策优化更加符合实际,验证了所建模型和优化方法的有效性.     

A novel approach of testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems based on failure evolution mechanism

Prognostics and health management (PHM) significantly improves system availability and reliability, and reduces the cost of system operations. Design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is an important way to improve PHM capability. Testability modeling and analysis are the foundation of DFT. This paper proposes a novel approach of testability modeling and analysis based on failure evolution mechanisms. At the component level, the fault progression-related information of each unit under test (UUT) in a system is obtained by means of failure modes, evolution mechanisms, effects and criticality analysis (FMEMECA), and then the failure-symptom dependency can be generated. At the system level, the dynamic attributes of UUTs are assigned by using the bond graph methodology, and then the symptom-test dependency can be obtained by means of the functional flow method. Based on the failure-symptom and symptom-test dependencies, testability analysis for PHM systems can be realized. A shunt motor is used to verify the application of the approach proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this approach is able to be applied to testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems very well, and the analysis results can provide a guide for engineers to design for testability in order to improve PHM performance.     

一种考虑复杂载荷和晶体取向相关性的镍基定向凝固合金疲劳寿命模型

针对镍基定向凝固高温合金疲劳寿命的晶体取向相关性,及定向凝固合金涡轮叶片使用过程中的复杂载荷问题,基于循环损伤累积(CDA)方法,引入方向函数修正,并综合考虑应力应变水平、应变比、保载时间及保载形式,建立了ω修正的CDA寿命预测方法。采用定向凝固高温合金DZ125的试验结果进行验证,预测结果与试验数据相比基本落在3倍分散带以内,显示出本文方法较好的适应性。     

Research on uncertainty in measurement assisted alignment in aircraft assembly

Operations in assembling and joining large size aircraft components are changed to novel digital and flexible ways by digital measurement assisted alignment.Positions and orientations（P＆O）of aligned components are critical characters which assure geometrical positions and relationships of those components.Therefore,evaluating the P＆O of a component is considered necessary and critical for ensuring accuracy in aircraft assembly.Uncertainty of position and orientation（U-P＆O）,as a part of the evaluating result of P＆O,needs to be given for ensuring the integrity and credibility of the result;furthermore,U-P＆O is necessary for error tracing and quality evaluating of measurement assisted aircraft assembly.However,current research mainly focuses on the process integration of measurement with assembly,and usually ignores the uncertainty of measured result and its influence on quality evaluation.This paper focuses on the expression,analysis,and application of U-P＆O in measurement assisted alignment.The geometrical and algebraical connotations of U-P＆O are presented.Then,an analytical algorithm for evaluating the multi-dimensional U-P＆O is given,and the effect factors and characteristics of U-P＆O are discussed.Finally,U-P＆O is used to evaluate alignment in aircraft assembly for quality evaluating and improving.Cases are introduced with the methodology.     

无人机发展刍议

本文探讨影响无人机发展的主要因素,市场需求和技术推动,提出可借鉴的无人机发展经验。     

一种机载遥感成像用分布式POS传递对准方法

针对机载遥感成像用分布式位置姿态测量系统(POS,Position and Orientation System)精确初始对准的问题,结合遥感成像的实际作业情况,在分析影响传递对准精度和速度的误差源的基础上,提出一种利用载机爬升段进行分布式POS传递对准的方法,并与多种机动方式进行对比.半物理仿真结果表明:利用遥感载荷作业现有条件能够获得数学平台失准角和安装误差角的准确快速估计.研究结果可为机载分布式POS传递对准方案的选择和设计提供理论参考.     

面向民用飞机排故的增强型符号有向图

针对民用飞机故障的动态特性及维修体制,在符号有向图（SDG）模型中引入动态元素,并融合系统结构模型,提出一种结构和参数能随工况变化而调整的增强型有向图（ESDG）模型。进而提出基于故障依赖矩阵的相容根树搜索算法与分层诊断策略,能解决实际排故中常常因部分状态未测量而造成诊断信息缺失的问题。该方法能满足分级维修中不同诊断精度的要求。多个工况的综合诊断进一步提高了推理分辨率。最后以某民机发动机引气系统为实例说明了该方法的有效性。     

准惯性定向探测卫星GPS接收天线安装角度研究

研究了准惯性定向探测卫星GPS接收天线的安装角度问题. 根据卫星任务需求分析其姿态需求, 再由姿态需求对GPS接收天线的安装方式进行理论分析和仿真计算, 通过GDOP值优选了安装角度方案. 仿真结果表明, GPS接收天线的轴向在本体±y轴即轨道面法向或负法向方向附近.