直接侧向力/气动力复合控制系统的特征参数

为考察在大气层内拦截弹上应用直接侧向力与气动力复合控制同应用纯气动力控制的本质区别,依据连续系统跟踪性能极限的研究成果,提出以复合控制对象的非最小相位零点作为描述复合控制系统性能的特征参数。气动力回路控制对象含有一个离虚轴较近的非最小相位零点;而通过合理设计气动力控制器,直接侧向力控制对象只包含一个离虚轴较远的非最小相位零点,复合控制系统的跟踪性能可望比纯气动力的更好。设计实例对此进行了分析,揭示了非最小相位零点在控制器设计中的重要作用。     

卫星电子组件高加速寿命试验技术

高加速寿命试验（HALT）是一种高效的可靠性试验。通过高加速应力作用,激发产品潜在缺陷变为故障并进行改进,以达到其在使用中几乎不会出现故障的目的。文章阐述了试验的基本原理、试验剖面和失效分析等等,根据航天产品的特点,给出了应力极限确定步骤和温度控制方法,并将该方法在卫星典型电子组件上进行了应用研究。     

使用动量交换装置的滑模姿态控制

研究一种基于修正罗德里戈参数的考虑执行机构特性的飞行器滑模控制律.建立结合双框架控制力矩陀螺的飞行器姿态动力学模型和基于修正罗德里戈参数的姿态运动学模型;分析模型不确定性以判断其对滑模控制方法的适用性,提出滑动面进而设计相应的滑模控制器,接着结合线性系统理论和李雅普诺夫稳定原理对控制器的参数确定进行了分析;使用蒙特卡罗法数值仿真验证此控制律的效果.结果证明上述控制器可有效完成姿控任务,且控制精确,鲁棒性良好.     

基于试车数据统计的振动限制值确定方法

统计了某型液体火箭发动机涡轮泵27次地面试车振动数据和某型涡扇发动机28次台架试车振动数据,发现一次试车时间序列的振动特征参数随时间的波动反映了随机误差的变化,符合正态分布;不同台份发动机试车振动参数幅值的波动是发动机健康状态和试验误差共同作用的结果,不遵循正态分布规律,F分布是其分布的重要形式。在此基础上,研究了基于"概率相等法"和"3σ方法"原理的两种发动机振动限制值的确定方法。通过两种方法计算结果的相互验证,以及计算结果和工程实践的对比,说明确定振动限制值方法的正确性和实用性。     

Exploring for natural gas using reflectance spectra of surface soils

Reflectance spectra in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths provide a rapid and inexpensive means for determining the mineralogy of samples and obtaining information on chemical composition. Hydrocarbon microseepage theory establishes a cause-and-effect relation between oil and gas reservoirs and some special surface anomalies, which mainly include surface hydrocarbon microseepage and related alterations. Therefore, we can explore for oil, gas by determining reflectance spectra of surface anomalies. This idea has been applied to the R&D project of exploring for natural gas in Qinghai province of China using NASA EO-1 satellite with the Hyperion sensor (June 2005 to June 2006). In this project, in order to improve the accuracy of exploration targets of natural gas mapped in the field studied, an integrated practical system of exploration of oil and gas was built by the analysis of not only hyperspectral remote sensing data but also data provided from field work. In this paper, our efforts were focused on the analysis of the 799 reflectance spectra provided from the field work. In order to properly define the typical form of hydrocarbon microseepage with spectroscopy and fulfill the data analysis, it was necessary to build a spectral model. In this spectral model the most important features of hydrocarbon microseepage in the surface of our study area, i.e., diagnostic spectral macroscopic features and diagnostic spectral absorption features, were proposed and extracted, respectively. The distribution of coexisting anomalies, which results from both alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, is estimated by the diagnostic macroscopic features mainly using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classifier. On the other hand, the diagnostic absorption features of two main absorption bands presented abundant local information, based on deep analysis of which, we are able to map the anomalies of alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, respectively. Additionally, a general framework of analysis and key classification algorithms applied to the Hyperion data have been introduced briefly. In our work, three exploration targets of natural gas were identified from the study area which covers 2100 km². In the three exploration targets, three wildcats have been drilled by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) since July 2006, and all the three wells have been proven some industrial reserves.     

Effect of vertical plasma transport on ionospheric F2-region parameters at equatorial latitude

The variability of the F2-layer even during magnetically quiet times are fairly complex owing to the effects of plasma transport. The vertical E × B drift velocities (estimated from simplified electron density continuity equation) were used to investigate the seasonal effects of the vertical ion drifts on the bottomside daytime ionospheric parameters over an equatorial latitude in West Africa, Ibadan, Nigeria (Geographic: 7.4°N, 3.9°E, dip angle: 6°S) using 1 year of ionsonde data during International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1958, that correspond to a period of high solar activity for quiet conditions. The variation patterns between the changes of the vertical ion drifts and the ionospheric F2-layer parameters, especially; f_oF₂ and h_mF₂ are seen remarkable. On the other hand, we observed strong anti-correlation between vertical drift velocities and h′F in all the seasons. We found no clear trend between N_mF₂ and h_mF₂ variations. The yearly average value of upward daytime drift at 300 km altitude was a little less than the generally reported magnitude of 20 ms⁻¹ for equatorial F-region in published literature, and the largest upward velocity was roughly 32 ms⁻¹. Our results indicate that vertical plasma drifts; ionospheric F2-layer peak height, and the critical frequency of F2-layer appear to be somewhat interconnected.     

基于特征参数趋势进化的故障诊断和预测方法

 采用时间序列方法对可以表征系统故障状态的特征参数的趋势进化进行预测,同时考虑特征参数的概率分布特性,给出了对系统进行故障诊断和预测的方法。在已获得特征参数监测数据的基础上,分别对具有广义强度/故障阈值确定分布或故障模式特征参数空间分布两种形式的故障判据,提出了利用二次指数平滑预测模型对系统未来某时刻的故障状态进行预测的方法。给出包括故障概率和故障指数在内的故障诊断和预测结果形式,可进一步为系统的维修决策等提供参考。     

重力辅助环路热管稳态运行特性的实验研究

 随着环路热管应用领域不断扩展,其可能在各种姿态下运行,包括重力辅助姿态。对环路热管在重力辅助姿态下的稳态运行规律和特性进行了实验研究,并同平放及反重力条件下的运行特性进行了比较。通过实验可得出,在重力辅助姿态下,环路热管存在两种驱动模式,即重力单独驱动模式和毛细力与重力共同驱动模式。当热载荷较小时,环路热管工作在重力单独驱动模式,蒸汽管线内为气液两相工质,回流液体对储液器的冷却作用加强,运行温度明显低于平放及反重力条件下之值,热导显著增大;当热载荷大于某一临界值,环路热管工作在毛细力与重力共同驱动模式,蒸汽管线内为单相蒸汽,运行温度同平放及反重力条件下之值基本一致。最后,从环路热管系统压力平衡和储液器能量平衡的角度对上述实验现象进行了解释和分析。     

基于模糊粗集的航空发动机特征参数提取算法

提取发动机性能状态的特征参数,是提高发动机故障识别正确率和可靠性的必要条件.针对实际航空发动机故障参数所具有的模糊和连续性特点,提出了一种基于模糊粗糙集的特征参数提取算法,并应用到某型航空发动机故障识别.研究结果表明:属性约简的核则为导致发动机故障的特征参数,以此特征参数进行故障诊断,可保证较高的诊断精度;同时,该算法的抗干扰性提高了整个系统故障识别的正确率.该算法可用于航空发动机故障分类、故障诊断以及状态监控.      

一种仿蜜蜂类昆虫扑翼悬停控制的仿真估算研究

基于准稳态气动力模型,推导了仿蜜蜂类昆虫扑翼气动力和力矩估算公式,建立了扑翼运动函数.将仿蜜蜂类昆虫扑翼视为空间运动刚体,在其动力学方程基础上,采用分层控制策略研究悬停控制问题.外层为位置控制,X和Y位置应用PD控制算法,Z位置应用切换控制方法;内层姿态控制采用切换控制方法,并选择了一套机翼运动参数用于切换控制.最后进行了仿蜜蜂类昆虫扑翼悬停控制仿真试验,试验结果表明所设计的控制策略是有效的,一旦昆虫扑翼受到干扰偏离平衡位置后,通过自动调节能够回到平衡位置附近.