输出误差函数的交-交矩阵变换器数字PWM调制技术

针对矩阵变换器调制方式的特点，提出了基于输出电压误差函数分析的矩阵变换器离散调制技术，推导了基于时间离散和差分原理的电路方程。根据最小误差函数确定矩阵变换器开关模式，实现了系统闭环控制时开关状态的优化组合。利用α-β平面内的空间矢量描述开关组合状态，使得误差函数的计算工作量小、过程简单，易于实现。数字仿真和实验结果验证了时间离散调制技术的正确性和控制方法的可行性。     

航空维修人为差错理论分类和对比研究

通过对航空维修人为差错理论的梳理和比较，将航空界已形成的主要人为差错理论分成三类：个人学派、组织学派和系统学派．并对各理论的研究视角、特点、优点和局限性进行了归纳和对比。     

双轴连续旋转调制捷联惯导系统大失准角初始对准技术

由于可以补偿惯性器件在三个轴向上的输出误差，双轴旋转调制技术被广泛应用于捷联惯导系统(SINS)。选择了一种合理且实用的十六次序双轴转位方案，并对其调制原理和误差进行了分析。初始对准技术是捷联惯导系统的一项重要技术，其对准精度直接决定了后续导航的精度。在粗对准完成后，当姿态误差角较大时，后续的精对准误差模型呈非线性特性，故选择了滤波精度高、稳定性强的平方根容积Kalman滤波算法(SCKF)来解决这一问题。考虑到在实际对准过程中，量测噪声的统计特性易发生变化，将SCKF算法与Sage-Husa算法相结合，在传统Sage-Husa SCKF算法的基础上提出了一种改进的自适应滤波算法(ASCKF)。该算法采用QR分解来完成对噪声协方差的平方根矩阵估计，从而避免了传统Sage-Husa SCKF算法中所估噪声协方差矩阵不正定的问题。最后，通过仿真证实了ASCKF算法可被很好地应用于量测噪声统计特性发生变化的初始对准中。     

天气因素导致的航班延误问题研究

针对天气干扰下的分季节的航班过站衔接时间优化问题,在对各个航班的潜在延误风险等级评价的基础上,通过历史数据研究天气因素导致的航班延误概率分布,求得各航班波及延误的期望,以优化前后总的波及延误之差最大化为目标函数,分别建立分季节优化松约束模型和紧约束模型,对航班衔接过站时间进行优化.最后以国内某航空公司的航班数据为算例,进行验证并比较.研究结果表明,分季节的松约束模型和紧约束模型均比原计划减少了波及延误的时间,且松约束模型的优化效果更明显.     

基于频谱仪的脉冲调制信号功率校准技术研究

脉冲调制信号是雷达和数字通信系统中的一类重要信号。本文主要研究脉冲调制信号的功率测量方法,讨论并分析了脉冲调制信号的频谱特点,提出使用频谱分析仪实现脉冲调制信号的平均功率和峰值功率的测量,并采用正弦调幅法对频谱分析仪的测量结果进行验证。实验表明使用频谱仪测量脉冲调制信号功率简单易行且具有较高的测量精度。     

Sunspot activity and cosmic ray modulation at 1 a.u. for 1900–2013

The descent of sunspot cycle 23 to an unprecedented minimum of long duration in 2006–2009 led to a prolonged galactic cosmic ray (GCR) recovery to the highest level observed in the instrumental era for a variety of energetic charged particle species on Earth, over a wide range of rigidities. The remarkable GCR increase measured by several ground-based, balloon-borne, and detectors on a satellite is described and discussed. It is accompanied by a decrease in solar wind velocity and interplanetary magnetic field at 1 a.u., reaching the lowest values since measurements of the solar wind began in October 1963; the solar polar field strength (μT) measured at the Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) is also significantly reduced compared to prior cycles since the start of the program in 1976, the polar field in the northern hemisphere reversed in June 2012 and again in February 2014, that in the southern hemisphere reversed in July 2013. If updates of WSO data confirm the second reversal in northern solar hemisphere, it would pose a serious challenge to the Dynamo Theory. The long-term change in solar behavior may have begun in 1992, perhaps earlier. The physical underpinnings of these solar changes need to be understood and their effect on GCR modulation processes clarified. The study discusses the recent phenomena in the context of GCR modulation since 1900. These happenings affected our empirical predictions for the key parameters for the next two sunspot cycles (they may be progressively less active than sunspot cycle 24) but it enhanced support for our prediction that solar activity is descending into a Dalton-like grand minimum in the middle of the twentyfirst century, reducing the frequency of the coronal mass ejections; they determine the space weather affecting the quality of life on Earth, radiation dose for hardware and human activities in space as well as the frequency of large Forbush decreases at 1 a.u.     

Hierarchical space–time block codes signals classification using higher order cumulants

An efficient method for blind classification of space–time block codes(STBCs) based on fourth-order cumulants is proposed for a single receiver antenna.This paper presents a model of received STBCs signals in multiple input single output(MISO) communication systems and applies the characteristics of coding matrices to derive analytical expressions for the fourth-order cumulants to be used as the basis of an algorithm.The fourth-order cumulants at various delay vectors present non-null values that depend on the transmitted STBCs.Tests of nullity are accomplished by hypothesis testing.The proposed algorithm avoids the need for a priori information of modulation scheme,channel coefficients,and noise power.Consequently,it is well suited for non-cooperative scenarios.Simulations show that this method performs well even at low signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs).     

Evolution of airports from a network perspective——An analytical concept

Analyzing airports' role in global air transportation and monitoring their development over time provides an additional perspective on the dynamics of network evolution. In order to understand the different roles airports can play in the network an integrated and multi-dimensional approach is needed. Therefore, an approach to airport classification through hierarchi-cal clustering considering several parameters from network theory is presented in this paper. By applying a 29 year record of global flight data and calculating the conditional transition probabil-ities the results are displayed as an evolution graph similar to a discrete-time Markov chain. With this analytical concept the meaning of airports is analyzed from a network perspective and a new airport taxonomy is established. The presented methodology allows tracking the development of airports from certain categories into others over time. Results show that airports of equal classes run through similar stages of development with a limited number of alternatives, indicating clear evolutionary patterns. Apart from giving an overview of the results the paper illustrates the exact data-driven approach and suggests an evaluation scheme. The methodology can help the public and industry sector to make informed strategy decisions when it comes to air transportation infras-tructure.     

帆板控制系统设计

该帆板控制系统采用塑料薄膜电位器作为传感器检测角度信号,检测到的角度信号经信号处理电路送12位的串行接口A/D转换器ADS7818进行数字化转换,转化结果由Cortex-M3处理器LM3S615进行处理产生PWM控制信号,该控制信号经功率VMOS驱动电路实现轴流电扇的速度调节,从而实现帆板角度定位闭环控制。通过按键可以实现帆板角度的设定及运行控制,设置六位LED数码管显示实现角度及其它运行状态的显示。经过实际测试该系统完全达到了设计要求的各项指标要求。     

基于循环平稳性的噪声调频干扰高分辨测向方法

根据噪声调频信号循环平稳特性分析,提出了基于阵列接收信号循环均值-空域处理的波达方向(DOA)估计算法。仿真结果表明:该算法的角度估计性能明显高于比幅比相单脉冲测角法,且在高信噪比环境中,该法的估计性能更好、运算量较小。