基于Transformer层次预测的多星应急观测任务规划方法

应急观测任务规划是一个强时效性的复杂组合优化问题,必须在规定的时限内完成相应的计算。采用机器学习的方法对规划问题进行初始规划方案预测,可以有效地简化计算复杂度。为此,提出一种基于Transformer层次预测的多星应急观测任务规划方法,将多星任务规划的求解过程分解为3个步骤：首先,利用基于Transformer的任务可调度性预测模型预测待规划任务是否执行,得到预执行任务集合;然后,基于Transformer的任务分配模型对预执行任务集合分配卫星,得到初始规划方案;最后,利用基于随机爬山的约束修正算法对初始规划方案进行优化调整,得到可行规划方案。为验证所提方法的有效性,通过大量仿真实验与CPLEX优化器、标准遗传算法、长短期记忆网络等方法模型进行比较,实验结果表明所提方法计算耗时短,规划收益高,适用于多星观测任务快速规划。     

美国加速任务试车技术在军用航空发动机上的应用

加速任务试车(AMT)是目前国外研究军用航空发动机耐久性的标准试验,是发动机寿命管理的重要方法。本文以美国F404-GE-402发动机、F110-GE-100发动机为例,介绍了AMT技术在发动机设计验证、部件改进、寿命管理、维修计划等方面的具体做法,对有效提高我国发动机型号研制的风险管理与控制能力和实现发动机的高可靠性具有重要的研究与借鉴价值。     

技术成熟度评价方法及其在交会对接任务中的应用

介绍了技术成熟度等级和评价的概念,简述了技术成熟度评价在国外航天工程中的应用情况,提出了航天工程技术成熟度评价标准,包括开展技术成熟度评价的目的、技术成熟度的详细定义及其内涵,并以技术成熟度等级五级为例,给出了具有可操作性的评价细则以及实施要点,通过交会对接任务中运载火箭评价应用实例对技术成熟度评价的应用进行了说明。     

Preparation of the Biochip experiment on the EXPOSE-R2 mission outside the International Space Station

Biochips might be suited for planetary exploration. Indeed, they present great potential for the search for biomarkers – molecules that are the sign of past or present life in space – thanks to their size (miniaturized devices) and sensitivity. Their detection principle is based on the recognition of a target molecule by affinity receptors fixed on a solid surface. Consequently, one of the main concerns when developing such a system is the behavior of the biological receptors in a space environment. In this paper, we describe the preparation of an experiment planned to be part of the EXPOSE-R2 mission, which will be conducted on the EXPOSE-R facility, outside the International Space Station (ISS), in order to study the resistance of biochip models to space constraints (especially cosmic radiation and thermal cycling). This experiment overcomes the limits of ground tests which do not reproduce exactly the space parameters. Indeed, contrary to ground experiments where constraints are applied individually and in a limited time, the biochip models on the ISS will be exposed to cumulated constraints during several months. Finally, this ISS experiment is a necessary step towards planetary exploration as it will help assessing whether a biochip can be used for future exploration missions.     

月亮女神探月计划及对我国月球与深空探测的思考

日本月亮女神月球探测器在顺利完成各项探测任务后,于北京时间2009年6月11日受控落月.该探月计划在一箭三星组网探测月球背面重力场、有效载荷创新设计、科研活动组织、成果产出、公众参与和科普宣传等方面有许多亮点,对我国探月工程有重要参考价值.文章综合回顾、分析和评述了月亮女神探月计划的任务、探测器、轨道与飞控、重要事件等...     

面向空域/时域/功能混合模式的目标分组方法

提出了面向空域/时域/功能混合模式的目标分组方法,其结果为任务规划提供了包含空域、时域、功能的目标群体特征.该方法采用标准化方法对属性数据分类和扩展,按照不同类型属性数据分别建立属性差异度,提高了目标分组特征属性的可扩展性,解决了传统属性差异度难以适用于时域及功能属性的问题;在此基础上,综合考虑协同任务对目标分组各项属性的定性/定量要求、阈值约束及重要程度要求,构造了目标综合差异度,解决了某些属性不能直接加权的问题.仿真结果表明该方法能够快速有效地实现满足任务复杂要求的目标分组.     

Comparative assessment of human–Mars-mission technologies and architectures

We compare a variety of mission scenarios to assess the strengths and weaknesses of options for Mars exploration. The mission design space is modeled along two dimensions: trajectory architectures and propulsion system technologies. We examine direct, semi-direct, stop-over, semi-cycler, and cycler architectures, and we include electric propulsion, nuclear thermal rockets, methane and oxygen production on Mars, Mars water excavation, aerocapture, and reusable propulsion systems in our technology assessment. The mission sensitivity to crew size, vehicle masses, and crew travel time is also examined. Many different combinations of technologies and architectures are applied to the same Mars mission to determine which combinations provide the greatest potential reduction in the injected mass to LEO. We approximate the technology readiness level of a mission to rank development risk, but omit development cost and time calculations in our assessment. It is found that Earth–Mars semi-cyclers and cyclers require the least injected mass to LEO of any architecture and that the discovery of accessible water on Mars has the most dramatic effect on the evolution of Mars exploration.     

航天器在轨寿命预测与可靠性评价

文章重点分析了航天器在轨寿命和可靠性的影响因素,提出了航天器在轨寿命预测和可靠性评价的基本研究思路并分析了研究的内容,提出了航天器基础在轨寿命的概念。     

编队飞行干涉SAR卫星系统任务分析与设计

介绍了编队飞行卫星干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）测高的基本原理,在此基础上提出了编队飞行InSAR卫星系统顶层任务分析的基本要素和流程,分解出了测高误差分配、基线设计与测量、轨道构型设计、星间同步等关键技术,对各关键技术的相互关系及其基本解决途径进行了研究,并分析比较了不同InSAR载荷工作模式的性能及其与卫星系统的相互约束关系,可以为型号系统设计提供参考。