基于节段模型试验的悬索桥涡振性能优化研究

针对扁平钢箱梁这一常用的主梁断面形式,为研究其涡激振动性能,并提出有效的涡振抑制措施,以某大跨度钢箱梁悬索桥为工程背景,采用缩尺比为1/50的节段模型进行风洞试验。基于均匀来流风洞试验条件,重点分析研究了风迎角、结构阻尼比和导流板等因素对主梁涡振性能的影响,提出了优化主梁涡振的有效气动措施。研究表明,风迎角的变化会使涡振锁定风速和振幅均产生变化;阻尼比的提高对主梁扭转涡振的抑制比较明显,对竖向涡振的抑制不明显;在主梁风嘴短而钝的情况下,在检修轨道位置安装导流板对主梁涡振的抑制效果不明显,而紧贴风嘴的宽导流板能有效地抑制主梁涡振,且结构形式简单,便于工程应用。     

瞬态热容法在平板冲击换热特性研究中的适用性

分别采用试验和数值计算的方法,对瞬态热容法在自由射流冲击平板表面换热特性的适用性进行了研究。试验研究和数值研究均表明,Bi和Fo均对瞬态热容法Nu′测量精度有较大影响。在所选取的工况范围内,随Fo和Bi增大,Nu′和经典试验值[7]的偏差均不断增大。并且,在距离冲击点1倍孔径处,Bi=0.001,Fo=10时,用瞬态热容法得到的冲击表面Nu′分布的相对误差约为2%。Bi在0.0005~0.005之间,Fo在10~20之间,相对误差小于6%。     

一种凸多边形区域的无人机覆盖航迹规划算法

 覆盖航迹规划技术对于提高无人机的侦察能力和目标搜索能力具有重要的意义。首先从能量、路程、时间角度,理论上证明了转弯过程比直线平飞过程的效率低。其次给出了凸多边形跨度和宽度的定义,并把凸多边形区域的覆盖航迹规划问题转化为求凸多边形宽度的问题。最后证明了凸多边形区域的宽度只可能出现于“点边式”跨度之中,并给出了一种高效的“点边式”宽度算法。无人机只需要沿着宽度出现时的支撑平线方向飞行,即可以取得最少的转弯次数。通过仿真分析,证明了所提出的算法能够有效解决无人机在凸多边形区域中的覆盖航迹规划问题。     

激波/平板湍流边界层干扰的数值模拟

采用理性GAO-YONG可压缩湍流模型,模拟了激波/平板湍流边界层干扰现象,结果表明:计算所得到的壁面压力分布、摩阻系数分布和速度型分布均与实验值吻合很好,并且比较准确地预报出了入射斜激波与平板湍流边界层干扰所引起的边界层分离点和再附点等流动特性.由此表明GAO-YONG可压缩湍流模型能够准确地用来模拟激波/平板湍流边界层的干扰流动.      

A detailed FLUKA-2005 Monte-Carlo simulation for the ATIC detector

We have performed a detailed Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation for the Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) detector using the MC code FLUKA-2005 which is capable of simulating particles up to 10 PeV. The ATIC detector has completed two successful balloon flights from McMurdo, Antarctica lasting a total of more than 35 days. ATIC is designed as a multiple, long duration balloon flight, investigation of the cosmic ray spectra from below 50 GeV to near 100 TeV total energy; using a fully active Bismuth Germanate (BGO) calorimeter. It is equipped with a large mosaic of silicon detector pixels capable of charge identification, and, for particle tracking, three projective layers of x–y scintillator hodoscopes, located above, in the middle and below a 0.75 nuclear interaction length graphite target. Our simulations are part of an analysis package of both nuclear (A) and energy dependences for different nuclei interacting in the ATIC detector. The MC simulates the response of different components of the detector such as the Si-matrix, the scintillator hodoscopes and the BGO calorimeter to various nuclei. We present comparisons of the FLUKA-2005 MC calculations with GEANT calculations and with the ATIC CERN data.     

Experimental and theoretical investigation of encounter of a group of particles with protecting elements of spacecraft

We present the results of comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigations of encounter with a barrier of a group of bodies thrown with a high-velocity. Throwing of a group of particles (from two to twelve bodies) was realized on a ballistic route using powder and light-gas units of different calibers in the range of velocities 500–3500 m/s. The process of particle throwing was controlled by acting aerodynamic forces. In experiments on collisions with barriers of a finite thickness (which imitates the protective shield of spacecraft) the number of particles in a homogeneous stream was varied from 2 to 7 at changing the flux density (distances between particles). Experimental data are obtained on variations of the area and mass of back-surface splinters. Numerical calculations simulated a knock of 2 to 4 particles against a barrier in the cases of normal impact and at an angle. The calculations were performed in three-dimensional formulation and applying criteria of complete destruction of material. The appearance of additional destruction centers in the barrier due to mutual influence of particles is revealed. Simple criteria are obtained for estimating the degree of interference of particles and the character of barrier destruction.     

A specific case of stability of cylindrical precession of a satellite

In a central Newtonian gravitational field, the motion of a dynamically symmetrical satellite along an elliptical orbit of arbitrary eccentricity is considered. The particular motion of the satellite is known when its axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the orbit plane, and the satellite rotates about this axis with a constant angular velocity (cylindrical precession). A nonlinear analysis of stability of this motion has been performed under the assumption that the geometry of the satellite mass corresponds to a thin plate. At small values of orbit eccentricity e the analysis is analytical, while numerical analysis is used for arbitrary values of e.     

About one problem of trajectory optimization

The optimization problem for trajectories of spacecraft flight from the Earth to an asteroid is considered in this paper. The flight is realized in the central Newtonian gravitational field of the Sun with a possibility of gravitational maneuvers near planets. Perturbation maneuvers are taken into account using the method of point area of action with a limitation on the flyby altitude. The spacecraft is controlled by changing the value and direction of the engine thrust. The problem is solved taking into account constraints on the launch time, flight duration, and minimum distance to the Sun.     

Orbital stability of planar oscillations of a satellite in a circular orbit

We consider the attitude motion of a satellite with a circular orbit in a central Newtonian gravitational field. The satellite is a solid body whose mass geometry is that of a plate. A nonlinear analysis is made of orbital stability of planar oscillations of the satellite at which its middle or major axis of inertia is perpendicular to the orbit plane. At small amplitudes of oscillations the analysis of stability was made analytically, while for arbitrary amplitudes the numerical analysis was performed.     

Optimization of low-thrust transfers in the three body problem

We consider transfers with low thrust in an arbitrary field of forces. The modified method of transporting trajectory [1–4] is used for optimization of the transfers. The complexity of finding the transporting trajectory of a preset type can be the main obstacle to application of this method. This challenge is solved for the three-body problem in the Hill motion model. Numerical analysis of the method is performed using an example of the transfers to halo-orbits around the solar-terrestrial libration points.