高主流湍流度下密度比对涡轮导叶全气膜冷却特性的影响

为了研究高主流湍流度下二次流密度比对涡轮导叶全气膜冷却特性的影响,使用热色液晶测量了在主流湍流度为15%,二次流密度比为1.0和1.5下三维涡轮导叶的气膜冷却效率和换热系数。二次流与主流质量流量比为7.0%和12.5%。结果表明:二次流密度比增大可以降低冷气射流的动量,小流量比工况下,在叶片前缘和压力面前半段,动量较低的二次流在高主流湍流度的影响下更易耗散,增大二次流密度比使冷却效率明显降低;大流量比工况下,二次流动量降低使气膜孔后区域冷气贴附性增强,气膜冷却效率和冷气覆盖效果均得到提升。小流量比工况下,二次流密度比增大对叶片表面换热的影响较小;大流量比工况下,二次流密度比增大使吸力面中弦区域和压力面后半段的平均换热系数比分别降低15%和25%。     

中国民航旅客量季节性问题研究

中国民航旅客量的季节性波动是经济学研究的重要命题。选取中国民航旅客量时间序列数据作为分析对象，采用年度季节强度指数（R）与月季指数（Zt），揭示中国民航旅客量的年度季节集中性与月度季节变化规律。 R值整体上呈现逐年递增的趋势，指标随季节变化明显，且按一定规律分布。 Zt 值指示4月、7月、8月、9月、10月为旺季，其余月份为淡季。民航旅客量淡旺季与游客出游行为、节假日长短、气候等因素有直接联系。研究结论为解决中国民航旅客量的淡旺季问题提供基础数据，也为调整航空公司在淡旺季时的人员、航班及其他工作安排，为缓解航空客流量供需不平衡的矛盾提供决策参考。     

含多部位损伤搭接结构应力强度因子三维有限元分析

应力强度因子(Stress intensity factor,SIF)分析是含多部位损伤(Multiple site damage,MSD)结构剩余强度和裂纹扩展寿命预测的基础和关键。考虑接触与摩擦,建立了含MSD搭接结构的三维有限元模型,研究了不同裂纹长度、铆钉类型以及损伤模式下裂纹尖端SIF分布情况和变化规律。结果表明,搭接件孔边裂纹Ⅰ型SIF起主导作用,Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型SIF可忽略不计。由于次弯曲、铆钉变形和板厚度等因素,SIF在外表面最小,接触面一侧较大,最大值多位于蒙皮内部。MSD会使裂纹间的干涉作用增强,SIF增大,且裂纹间距离越近干涉作用越强。裂纹长度相同时,埋头铆钉的孔边裂纹SIF积分均值大于平头铆钉,且接触面的SIF埋头铆钉大于平头铆钉,外表面则相反。     

Potential of IRNSS/NavIC L5 signals for ionospheric studies

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has developed an indigenous system named Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) or NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), that consists of 7 satellites and transmits navigation signal in L and S bands. ISRO, for validation of the system, has installed many IGS (IRNSS/GPS/SBAS) receivers scattered over the Indian region. Using preliminary data from two geographically widely separated stations over India, this paper presents the results on studies on parameters of IRNSS signal quality and discusses how these parameters may be used to study the ionospheric behavior over the Indian region. The results show the importance and advantages of using IRNSS data for such studies.     

基于反问题的涡轮过渡流道一体化支板设计方法

为进一步改善大涵道比涡扇发动机气动性能及燃油经济性,降低其污染物排放,控制其重量与成本,提出了一种高效的高、低压涡轮过渡流道整流支板一体化设计理念,即对原型支板与第一级低压涡轮导叶进行初步正问题一体化设计,并基于气流角全三维粘性反问题进行进一步改型设计,使得在保证自身气动性能不降低的基础上,带一体化支板涡轮过渡流道能够与高、低压涡轮实现良好匹配。以某型发动机过渡流道为算例开展了一体化设计工作,并采用三维数值模拟方法进行了设计点、非设计点流场分析评估。结果表明,设计点工况下一体化支板出口气流角以及马赫数分布均与原型导叶出口一致,验证了一体化设计的有效性。同时,带一体化支板的过渡流道总压损失从原型流道的2.49%降低到了1.02%。而在非设计工况,带一体化支板的过渡流道气流分离明显减小,具有更宽的最佳工况范围。     

An Artificial Neural Network based approach for estimation of rain intensity from spectral moments of a Doppler Weather Radar

By using a Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) at Shriharikota (13.66°N & 80.23°E), an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based technique is proposed to improve the accuracy of rain intensity estimation. Three spectral moments of a Doppler spectra are utilized as an input data to an ANN. Rain intensity, as measured by the tipping bucket rain gauges around the DWR station, are considered as a target values for the given inputs. Rain intensity as estimated by the developed ANN model is validated by the rain gauges measurements. With the help of a developed technique, reasonable improvement in the estimation of rain intensity is observed. By using the developed technique, root mean square error and bias are reduced in the range of 34–18% and 17–3% respectively, compared to Z–R approach.     

Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.     

基于脉冲交错的数字阵列雷达任务优化调度算法

针对数字阵列雷达搜索、跟踪和成像任务的资源调度问题,提出一种数字阵列雷达(DAR)任务的优化调度算法。该算法以脉冲交错技术为基础,在对目标搜索与跟踪的同时,利用基于压缩感知的稀疏孔径认知逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像方法对部分精密跟踪目标成像,并采用观测时间动态调整策略以提高雷达系统的自适应能力。仿真结果表明,与传统雷达资源调度算法相比,该算法可以将成像任务考虑到优化调度模型中并合理分配资源,实现雷达多任务并行的调度,获得更高的资源利用率与期望的成像质量。     

基于MSP430点光源跟踪系统设计

提出了一种基于MSP430的点光源跟踪的具体设计方案,并对设计方案的硬件组成、程序设计、调试进行了介绍,实验证明,所设计的光源自跟踪系统有较强的适应能力,反应迅速,灵活性大。     

典型工况下低排放燃烧室的压力振荡特性

为了研究低排放燃烧室在典型工况下的压力振荡特性,针对模型燃烧室进行了燃烧自激振荡特性试验.在试验中测量了采用贫油预混预蒸发(LPP)燃烧技术的低排放燃烧室在典型工况下的压力振荡频率和幅值,在燃烧室进口压力为1.10～2.77MPa、燃烧室进口温度为656～845 K、燃烧室压降为3.41％～4.35％范围内,分析了燃油粒径变化对振荡特性的影响.分析结果表明:局部当量比脉动是引发燃烧不稳定的因素之一.通过计算燃油二次雾化状态下的液滴最大粒径,发现燃油液滴粒径的变化对主燃级出口处的局部当量比脉动有直接影响,从而引起燃烧室压力振荡幅值和频率的变化.