基于8051的激光散斑控制器

针对激光显微成像出现的散斑,提出在光线光路中振动光线控制散斑的方法。具体以8051芯片为处理器,控制AD9850-DDS芯片产生不同频率的信号,并用ULN2003增强输出,控制固定在音圈电机上的多模光纤振动,最后通过CCD所采集图像散斑对比度验证方法。利用上述方法得到结论:在将设计的散斑控制系统应用于激光显微成像,控制频率为50Hz时,采集图像的散斑噪声获得最小值,并且采用40X显微物镜实现了CD-R盘片的高分辨激光显微成像。     

三维激光成像系统的点云模型真彩色处理方法

三维激光成像系统获得的点云数据精度高并且保有高精度的高程信息,然而特征信息不明显,没有保留全部的点和点的拓扑关系,无法直接判读地面物体;影像数据空间分辨率和精度低,并且缺少高程信息,然而其影像的特征连续,光谱信息丰富.因此,进行点云数据与影像数据融合方法的研究是目前三维激光成像系统研制的前沿性课题.针对点云数据与影像数据融合方法的研究,提出了一种三维激光成像系统点云模型真彩色处理的方法.实验结果显示,采用所提出的方法,不仅能够获得被扫描物体的位置信息和大小信息,而且能够得到被扫描物体的表面纹理细节信息.     

激光陀螺四位置寻北仪提高精度方法

为消除激光陀螺零偏和常值漂移的影响,采用四位置方案来实现高精度寻北。本文简述了单轴激光陀螺四位置寻北方案,给出了陀螺敏感轴与机体系前向偏差角标定方法,研究了寻北仪在倾斜基座下数据补偿算法。本文研究了由于在四个位置上电机转动不到位所引起的误差补偿算法。通过对寻北仪系统测试,采用电机转动不到位补偿后数据标准差降低了0.02º,激光陀螺寻北仪系统达到了高精度快速寻北的要求。     

太空原位制造和修复技术研究现状分析

概述了太空原位制造和修复技术（In—situ Fabrication and Repair,ISFR）的概念和特点,并结合该技术的发展背景,介绍了国内外以选择性激光烧结和电子束熔融技术为代表的太空原位制造、空间钎焊修复、太空基地建筑构建等方向发展现状及趋势。结合我国空间技术事业发展,提出充分借鉴国外相关技术成果,围绕主要应用材料,重点开展空间环境适应性和应用验证研究,并探索利用模拟月壤开展太空原位制造技术研究的设想与建议。     

激光诱导碳等离子体在强激光冲击合成金刚石微晶中的作用

通过对Ｒａｍａｎ光谱及激光诱发碳等离子体的进一步分析研究，讨论了强激光冲击合成金刚石微晶过程中碳等离子体的作用机制。碳等离子体可视为高活性、高动能碳粒子集团，其对石墨相的作用同时包括能量传输和质量传输两个过程，因此碳等离子体在促进石墨相结构畸变、结构重组乃至相变方面起到了重要的作用；从能量阈值角度分析了碳等离子体与石墨相之间的四种磁撞类型，并据此对Ｒａｍａｎ谱线随激光功率密度的变化规律提出了较为合     

Single track and single layer formation in selective laser melting of niobium solid solution alloy

Selective laser melting (SLM) was employed to fabricate Nb-37Ti-13Cr-2Al-1Si (at%) alloy, using pre-alloyed powders prepared by plasma rotating electrode processing (PREP). A series of single tracks and single layers under different processing parameters was manufactured to evaluate the processing feasibility by SLM, including laser power, scanning speed, and hatch distance. Results showed that continuous single tracks could be fabricated using proper laser powers and scanning velocities. Both the width of a single track and its penetration depth into a substrate increased with an increase of the linear laser beam energy density (LED), i.e., an increase of the laser power and a decrease of the scanning speed. Nb, Ti, Si, Cr, and Al elements distributed heterogeneously over the melt pool in the form of swirl-like patterns. An excess of the hatch distance was not able to interconnect neighboring tracks. Under improper processing parameters, a balling phenomenon occurred, but could be eliminated with an increased LED. This work testified the SLM-processing feasibility of Nb-based alloy and promoted the application of SLM to the manufacture of niobium-based alloys.     

A nonlinear background removal method for seismo-ionospheric anomaly analysis under a complex solar activity scenario: A case study of the M9.0 Tohoku earthquake

A precise determination of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) anomaly variations that are likely associated with large earthquakes as observed by global positioning system (GPS) requires the elimination of the ionospheric effect from irregular solar electromagnetic radiation. In particular, revealing the seismo-ionospheric anomalies when earthquakes occurred during periods of high solar activity is of utmost importance. To overcome this constraint, a multiresolution time series processing technique based on wavelet transform applicable to global ionosphere map (GIM) TEC data was used to remove the nonlinear effect from solar radiation for the earthquake that struck Tohoku, Japan, on 11 March, 2011. As a result, it was found that the extracted TEC have a good correlation with the measured solar extreme ultraviolet flux in 26–34 nm (EUV_26–34) and the 10.7 cm solar radio flux (F_10.7). After removing the influence of solar radiation origin in GIM TEC, the analysis results show that the TEC around the forthcoming epicenter and its conjugate were significantly enhanced in the afternoon period of 8 March 2011, 3 days before the earthquake. The spatial distributions of the TEC anomalous and extreme enhancements indicate that the earthquake preparation process had brought with a TEC anomaly area of size approximately 1650 and 5700 km in the latitudinal and longitudinal directions, respectively.     

PDPA技术在圆管射流测量中的应用

采用激光相位多普勒技术（ＰＤＰＡ）和传统热线对圆管射流进行试验研究，试验结果表明：ＰＤＰＡ技术具有精度高、动态响应快、不干扰流场等特点；自由剪切湍流的扩展率ｄｙｃ／ｄｘ＝０．０８０１，完全自模拟特性区在ｘ／Ｄ＞８。     

X-ray induced alterations in the differentiation and mineralization potential of murine preosteoblastic cells

To evaluate the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on murine preosteoblastic cell differentiation, we directed OCT-1 cells to the osteoblastic lineage by treatment with a combination of β-glycerophosphate (β-GP), ascorbic acid (AA), and dexamethasone (Dex). In vitro mineralization was evaluated based on histochemical staining and quantification of the hydroxyapatite content of the extracellular bone matrix. Expression of mRNA encoding Runx2, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), osteocalcin (OCN), and p21^CDKN1A was analyzed. Exposure to IR reduced the growth rate and diminished cell survival of OCT-1 cells under standard conditions. Notably, calcium content analysis revealed that deposition of mineralized matrix increased significantly under osteogenic conditions after X-ray exposure in a time-dependent manner. In this study, higher radiation doses exert significant overall effects on TGF-β1, OCN, and p21^CDKN1A gene expression, suggesting that gene expression following X-ray treatment is affected in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we verified that Runx2 was suppressed within 24 h after irradiation at 2 and 4 Gy. Although further studies are required to verify the molecular mechanism, our observations strongly suggest that treatment with IR markedly alters the differentiation and mineralization process of preosteoblastic cells.     

手持式激光测距仪"测距标准偏差综合评定"的扩展不确定度

在确定的函数关系(数学模型)中,因变量(输出量)随自变量(输入量)的变化规律完全由数学逻辑所确定,自变量到因变量的传递系数(灵敏系数)也可由因变量的标准差和自变量的标准差之比所决定,而与自变量的来历(测量的或者给定的)没有关系[1].本文根据这一基本原理,采用模拟自变量随机变化的方法,成功计算了手持式激光测距仪的测距固定偏差和比例偏差系数的测量不确定度,从而计算出测距标准差综合评定的扩展不确定度,同时解决了复杂的数学模型中多个输入量到输出量的灵敏系数和输出量的不确定度的计算问题.