高超声速气流中平板上粘滞激波层的数值研究(英文)

本文描述绕锐前缘平板高超声速流动的数值模拟结果。对完全粘滞激波层的数值模拟进行了逐次校验。计算出的密度分布型式、激波倾斜和斯坦顿数与其他作者的理论和实验数据进行了比较。得到了近似传热系数计算结果的经验相关式。     

汕头大学大气边界层风洞的设计和研制

介绍了汕头大学大气边界层风洞和其配制的测控系统及流场校测结果。汕大风洞主要做建筑物的抗风实验和风环境实验。为模拟大气边界层,实验段较长,实验模型放在实验段后部。为减小轴向静压梯度顶板高度分段可调。风速比航空凤洞低。配置了建筑物测压和测力实验所需的电子压力扫描测量系统和高频底座天平。流场校测表明,该风洞的气动性能已达合同规定的指标。     

用电子束荧光技术研究高超声速边界层中的扰动现象

利用电子束荧光技术对高超声速平板边界层中的扰动现象进行实验研究,实验在炮风洞中进行,自由流马赫数为7．8,单位长度雷诺数为3．5×107/m,测量了平均密度分布、脉动密度分布,并获得了湍流密度脉动的互相关分布和频谱分布。实验结果表明在过渡区中有序与随机现象并存。     

阳极层霍尔推力器的阳极分段形式对内磁极刻蚀速率的影响

由于推力器内径向电势和等离子体的分布会影响轰击推力器器壁离子的运动,本文通过阳极的不同分段形式来改变推力器内电势分布,进而研究推力器阳极的不同分段形式对内磁极的刻蚀速率分布。首先利用PIC方法研究入射离子的数量和能量分布,接着对内磁极内表面和上表面的刻蚀速率进行仿真计算。由结果可知：入射到内磁极两个面上的离子数量和能量,都是在三分段阳极时达到最大值,其他三种情况偏低。对于内磁极内表面和上表面的刻蚀速率也是在三分段阳极时最大,其次是单阳极,而二、四分段阳极时的刻蚀速率最小。最后通过单阳极和二分段阳极时刻蚀速率的试验结果对比,验证了此研究结果的正确性,为下一步提高推力器的寿命研究提供了参考数据和研究方法。     

舰载机飞行控制系统总线接口策略

对于舰载机集中式架构的飞控系统，由于外部设备、串行通信设备、ARINC659总线、处理软件等的运行频率各有差异，导致数据写入总线接口模块端（BIM）和控制与管理模块端（CPM）读取数据的速率不完全匹配，造成数据包丢失或数据包重复解析，数据传输可靠性得不到保证。对不同因素导致的读/写冲突问题进行详细的分析，分别针对数据包接收不完整和重复解析的问题给出相应的解决方案，设计了一种数据包格式并且提出数据缓冲方案。经试验验证，该方案能够保证数据包的完整性且避免了对数据包的重复解析，提升了软件的可靠性和运行效率。     

Strong interactions of incident shock wave with boundary layer along compression corner

The coherent structure and instability of the interaction of incident shock wave with boundary layer developing on a compression corner are experimentally studied. The experiments are carried out in a supersonic wind tunnel of Mach number 2. Particular attention is paid to shock patterns and unsteady shock motions induced by the separation bubble. The high-speed schlieren is used to visualize the flowfield evolution and to characterize the instability. The snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition of schlieren sequences is applied to investigate the primary coherent structure in the flowfield. Fast Fourier transform and continuous wavelet transformation are applied to characterize the instability. The results show that there are large-scale low-frequency oscillations of the shock waves and small-scale high-frequency pulsations in the separation region. The peak frequency of shock oscillation is mainly concentrated in the range of 100–1000 Hz. The pulsation of the small flow structure in the separation bubble is mainly concentrated above 12.5 kHz. Based on the results of experimental analysis, the preliminary mechanism of the large-scale instability of such interaction is obtained.     

A regional model for the prediction of M(3000)F2 over East Asia

Research on empirical or physical models of ionospheric parameters is one of the important topics in the field of space weather and communication support services. To improve the accuracy of predicting the monthly median ionospheric propagating factor at 3000 km of the F2 layer (identified as M(3000)F2) for high frequency radio wave propagation, a model based on modified orthogonal temporal–spatial functions is proposed. The proposed model has three new characteristics: (1) The solar activity parameters of sunspot number and the 10.7-cm solar radio flux are together introduced into temporal reconstruction. (2) Both the geomagnetic dip and its modified value are chosen as features of the geographical spatial variation for spatial reconstruction. (3) A series of harmonic functions are used to represent the M(3000)F2, which reflects seasonal and solar cycle variations. The proposed model is established by combining nonlinear regression for three characteristics with harmonic analysis by using vertical sounding data over East Asia. Statistical results reveal that M(3000)F2 calculated by the proposed model is consistent with the trend of the monthly median observations. The proposed model is better than the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model by comparison between predictions and observations of six station, which illustrates that the proposed model outperforms the IRI model over East Asia. The proposed method can be further expanded for potentially providing more accurate predictions for other ionospheric parameters on the global scale.     

Integrated supersonic wind tunnel nozzle

In supersonic wind tunnels, the airflow at the exit of a convergent-divergent nozzle is affected by the connection between the nozzle and test section, because the connection is a source of disturbance for supersonic flow and the source of disturbance generated by this disturbance propagates downstream. In order to avoid the disturbance, the test can only be carried out in the rhombus area. However, for the supersonic nozzle, the rhombus region is small, limiting the size and attitude angle of the test model. An integrated supersonic nozzle is a nozzle and a test section as a whole, which is designed to weaken or eliminate the disturbance. The inviscid contour of the supersonic nozzle is based on the method of characteristics. A new curve is formed by the smooth connection between the inviscid contour and test section, and the boundary layer is corrected for the overall curve. Integrated supersonic nozzles with Mach number 1.5 and 2 are designed, which are based on this method. The flow field is validated by numerical and experimental results. The results of the study highlight the importance of the connection about the nozzle outlet and test section. They clearly show that the wave system does not exist at the exit of the supersonic nozzle, and the flow field is uniform throughout the test section.     

高超声速有攻角锥飞行工况下迎风面波包的演化

飞行工况下由于壁温与来流温度之比较低，Mack模态的不稳定性会得到显著增强，因此Mack模态占主导的有攻角锥迎风面相对侧面可能会提前转捩。本文采用高分辨率直接数值模拟研究了高超声速有攻角锥在飞行工况下迎风面Mack模态的演化规律，Mack模态由迎风中心线附近的一个短时局部壁面吹吸激发。波包的空间分布和不同模态幅值沿流向的演化过程表明在有攻角条件下，Mack模态的演化过程与零度攻角锥边界层中的类似，基频共振是Mack模态最可能的转捩形式。     

基于优化STD法的大飞机垂尾装配界面精加工过程模态参数识别

为减小大飞机垂尾装配界面精加工过程中产生的加工振动对其精加工质量的影响，需掌握装配界面加工过程的动力学特性，而动力学特性与其模态参数密切相关。因此，为获得装配界面各阶模态参数，针对其动态精加工过程，提出了一种优化STD环境激励下结构模态参数识别方法。该方法首先由装配界面的实测加工振动数据构造Toeplitz矩阵，并将其作为STD法的输入，进而求出装配界面各阶次模态参数，并构成模态参数下三角矩阵。然后利用模态置信因子及模态保证准则选出阶次相对稳定的模态参数作为装配界面的真实模态参数。最后，通过切削实验和锤击测试验证优化STD法的正确性和有效性。将锤击实验模态结果作为装配界面的模态参数测量参考值，以一阶模态频率识别结果为例，该方法相比于传统STD法和SSI法，识别精度分别提高了12.71%和3.82%；同理其余各阶模态参数识别精度均有不同程度的提高。通过优化STD法可准确高效地获得装配界面的模态参数，为其精加工工艺参数的合理选择提供了理论依据和技术支持。