直升机发动机舱通风、遮挡和隔热对红外辐射特性的影响

为了降低直升机发动机舱蒙皮的温度,减弱直升机红外辐射能量,采用数值仿真的方法研究其处于悬停状态、考虑了旋翼下洗作用的发动机舱蒙皮温度场和直升机红外辐射特性.针对基准发动机舱结构提出了在舱内加设辐射遮挡套、增开通风百叶窗、排气管尾缘修型和蒙皮内侧敷设隔热层等改进方案,研究了上述改进方案对直升机发动机舱蒙皮温度场和红外辐射特性的影响,得到了如下结论:①在发动机舱内加设辐射遮挡套后,整机侧向探测方位角内3~5μm红外辐射强度出现了约25%的增幅,8~14μm波段红外辐射与原始结构相当.②在发动机舱顶部增开通风百叶窗,直升机3~5μm红外辐射低于原始结构约12%,8~14μm波段红外辐射与原始结构相当.③在发动机舱顶部增开通风百叶窗的基础上,对排气管尾缘采取延伸遮挡以及在发动机舱蒙皮内侧敷设隔热层,整机3~5μm波段红外辐射的最大值下降约70%,8~14μm波段红外辐射的最大值下降约10%.      

The massive star distribution in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds

The numbers and distribution of Population I O-type stars and Wolf-Rayet stars are reviewed. The numbers of known WR stars in the Galaxy, the LMC and the SMC are 185, 114, and 9, respectively. Distances and galactic distributions determined by various authors are compared. The single star and binary distributions are discussed in the light of evolutionary studies.     

三种通风方式下的室内气流组织和室内空气品质的数值分析

采用雷诺平均的Navier—Stokes方程与RNC的κ-ε涡粘性湍流模型，针对三种不同通风方案，对内设障碍物、污染源和集中热源的房间内的三维速度场、温度场以及污染物CO2的浓度分布进行了数值模拟分析。给出了污染物的质量组份的对流一扩散方程，介绍了通风效率的概念。通过对三种通风方式的气流组织和室内空气品质的比较得出，置换通风可使室内工作区得到较高的空气品质、较高的热舒适性，并具有较高的通风效率。     

Orbital phase spectroscopy of X-ray pulsars to study the stellar wind of the companion

High Mass X-ray Binary Pulsars (HMXBP), in which the companion star is a source of supersonic stellar wind, provide a laboratory to probe the velocity and density profile of such winds. Here, we have measured the variation of the absorption column density along with other spectral parameters over the binary orbit for two HMXBP in elliptical orbits, as observed with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and the BeppoSAX satellites. A spherically symmetric wind profile was used as a model to compare the observed column density variations. In 4U 1538-52, we find the model corroborating the observations; whereas in GX 301-2, the stellar wind appears to be very clumpy and a smooth symmetric wind model seems to be inadequate in explaining the variation in column density.     

Changes in radio emission from PSR J0737–3039B

The double pulsar system, J0737–3039, provides a unique probe of a pulsar magnetosphere due to its edge-on viewing geometry, a tight orbit and a significant rate of advance of the angle of periastron. In this paper, we report on the changes in radio emission from the long period pulsar in this system, J0737–3039B, over a period of 9 months. Observations of this system with Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) show that the duration of the first bright phase of the pulsar centered at 210° orbital longitude from the ascending node is shrinking. These observations will be useful to constrain the proposed models for this system.     

孤独个体的抗争与抗争中的孤独个体——小说《财产》的存在主义解读

《财产》是美国当代女作家瓦莱丽·马丁的代表作品。从孤独个体所处的境遇、自由选择以及个体与他者之间的关系三个方面，对此小说中所体现的存在主义思想进行解读，以此来探讨个体的身心反抗与追寻存在价值的历程。     

基于CFD的发动机舱流场及温度场数值仿真

以内埋式通风口为研究对象，应用？昆合化网格，建立发动机短舱模型。采用SIMPLE算法，求解了流动和换热控制方程。对舱内流动和换热问题进行研究，得到了地面开车、地面滑行，以及不同高度、不同马赫数条件下动力装置舱内流场和温度场，解决了内埋式通风口进口流量无法测量的难题，为新型动力装置冷却通风系统的研究具有指导意义。     

Evolution of the temporal and the spectral properties in 2010 and 2011 outbursts of H 1743-322

The Galactic black hole candidate H 1743-322 exhibited two X-ray outbursts in rapid succession: one in August 2010 and the other in April 2011. We analyze archival data of this object from the PCA instrument on board RXTE (2–25 keV energy band) to study the evolution of its temporal and spectral characteristics during both the outbursts, and hence to understand the behavioral change of the accretion flow dynamics associated with the evolution of the various X-ray features. We study the evolution of QPO frequencies during the rising and the declining phases of both the outbursts. We successfully fit the variation of QPO frequency using the Propagating Oscillatory Shock (POS) model in each of the outbursts and obtain the accretion flow parameters such as the instantaneous shock locations, the shock velocity and the shock strength. Based on the degree of importance of the thermal (disk black body) and the non-thermal (power-law) components of the spectral fit and properties of the QPO (if present), the entire profiles of the 2010 and 2011 outbursts are subdivided into four different spectral states: hard, hard-intermediate, soft-intermediate and soft. We attempt to explain the nature of the outburst profile (i.e., hardness-intensity diagram) with two different types of mass accretion flow.     

The Swift Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients Project: A review,new results and future perspectives

We present a review of the Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients (SFXT) Project, a systematic investigation of the properties of SFXTs with a strategy that combines Swift monitoring programs with outburst follow-up observations. This strategy has quickly tripled the available sets of broad-band data of SFXT outbursts, and gathered a wealth of out-of-outburst data, which have led us to a broad-band spectral characterization, an assessment of the fraction of the time these sources spend in each phase, and their duty cycle of inactivity. We present some new observational results obtained through our outburst follow-ups, as fitting examples of the exceptional capabilities of Swift in catching bright flares and monitor them panchromatically.     

Improved orbital parameters of accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658

We analyze the three outbursts of the X-ray millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 that occurred in 1998, 2000, and 2002 observed with RXTE. With a technique based on epoch folding search we find an unique orbital solution valid over the five years of high temporal resolution data available. We revise the estimate of the orbital period, P_orb = 7249.1569(1) s and of its error, which we decrease by one order of magnitude. We also give the first constraint on the orbital period derivative, . We find that in 2002 the pulse profile shape is clearly asymmetric, showing a secondary peak at about 145° from the main pulse, which is different from the sinusoidal shape reported at the beginning of the 1998 outburst.