纳米铝粉的活性评价方法研究进展

综述了纳米铝粉活性的2类评价方法:单质铝含量法和热分析参数法.单质铝含量的测定方法主要有气体容量法、氧化还原滴定法、热重分析法和透射电镜分析法,其中氧化还原滴定法又可分为重铬酸钾滴定法、水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法、非水溶剂高锰酸钾滴定法及硫酸高铈法.基于热分析参数的活性评价方法主要采用:氧化起始温度、最大氧化速率、一定温度范...     

发动机试验液氢流量测量不确定度评定

针对某型号液体火箭发动机试验,介绍了液氢低温流量测量系统组成及原理。根据液氢质量流量测量数学模型,分析影响液氢流量测量不确定度的主要压力对贮箱容积的影响因素,依据不确定度评定相关标准和方法,对各种影响因素进行分析,最终得出液氢质量流量扩展不确定度为±0.88%,满足发动机设计部门对液氢低温质量流量测量不确定度±1%的要求。     

蝴蝶翼面形状对绕流结构的影响

蝴蝶的扑翼飞行因其相对翼展较大、扑翼频率低等特点引起广泛关注,尤其是具有越洋迁徙特性的蝴蝶更是备受瞩目。本文以天堂鸟翼凤蝶和黑脉金斑蝶这两种长距离迁徙蝴蝶作为研究原型,利用氢气泡流动显示技术研究这两种不同外形的蝴蝶翼面绕流结构随迎角的变化。在相同的实验条件下,两种模型翼面绕流均出现前缘涡、翼尖涡等流动结构,且绕流结构随迎角的变化趋势基本相同。但由于翼面外形的不同,两种模型在前缘涡的形态、强度及后翼面翼尖绕流结构等方面表现出一定的差异。     

储氢合金的性质及发展趋势

本文介绍了储氢合金的性质，Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池原理，以及储氢合金对Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池所产生的影响，根据目前科学技术的发展以及市场的需求，提出了未来储氢合金及Ｎｉ－ＭＨ电池的发展趋势。     

平板上挡板前后涡核位置的测量

在水洞中用氢气泡法在平板上挡板前后的涡核位置进行了测量。本试验旨在确定挡板高度及其雷诺数对涡核装置的影响，结果表明，（ａ）对于单个挡板情况，涡核离开平板的高度和涡核与挡板的距离将随着挡板的高度增加而增加，但涡核的高度和距离与挡板高度的比例随挡板高度的增加而降低；（ｂ）对于两个挡板情况，挡板的高度和挡板之间的距离对涡核位置的影响是主要的。     

低温氢气排放过程数值模拟

以低温氢气安全排放为目的,采用数值模拟方法对低温氢气直接排放和燃烧排放的流场进行分析.流场仿真计算采用了标准双方程k-ε湍流模型和氢氧单步燃烧模型.研究参数包括氢排放压力、流量、温度和环境风速,评价指标为氢扩散范围和燃烧范围.计算结果表明：燃烧排放燃烧范围小于直接排放氢扩散范围;排放压力增加、流量增大和温度降低均会使氢扩散范围和燃烧范围变大.     

A nonlinear background removal method for seismo-ionospheric anomaly analysis under a complex solar activity scenario: A case study of the M9.0 Tohoku earthquake

A precise determination of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) anomaly variations that are likely associated with large earthquakes as observed by global positioning system (GPS) requires the elimination of the ionospheric effect from irregular solar electromagnetic radiation. In particular, revealing the seismo-ionospheric anomalies when earthquakes occurred during periods of high solar activity is of utmost importance. To overcome this constraint, a multiresolution time series processing technique based on wavelet transform applicable to global ionosphere map (GIM) TEC data was used to remove the nonlinear effect from solar radiation for the earthquake that struck Tohoku, Japan, on 11 March, 2011. As a result, it was found that the extracted TEC have a good correlation with the measured solar extreme ultraviolet flux in 26–34 nm (EUV_26–34) and the 10.7 cm solar radio flux (F_10.7). After removing the influence of solar radiation origin in GIM TEC, the analysis results show that the TEC around the forthcoming epicenter and its conjugate were significantly enhanced in the afternoon period of 8 March 2011, 3 days before the earthquake. The spatial distributions of the TEC anomalous and extreme enhancements indicate that the earthquake preparation process had brought with a TEC anomaly area of size approximately 1650 and 5700 km in the latitudinal and longitudinal directions, respectively.     

Solar activity dependence of total electron content derived from GPS observations over Mbarara

Vertical total electron content (VTEC) observed at Mbarara (geographic co-ordinates: 0.60°S, 30.74°E; geomagnetic coordinates: 10.22°S, 102.36°E), Uganda, for the period 2001–2009 have been used to study the diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations. The daily values of the 10.7 cm radio flux (F_10.7) and sunspot number (R) were used to represent Solar Extreme Ultraviolet Variability (EUV). VTEC is generally higher during high solar activity period for all the seasons and increases from 0600 h LT and reaches its maximum value within 1400 h–1500 h LT. All analysed linear and quadratic fits demonstrate positive VTEC-F_10.7 and positive VTEC-R correlation, with all fits at 0000 h and 1400 h LT being significant with a confidence level of 95% when both linear and quadratic models are used. All the fits at 0600 h LT are insignificant with a confidence level of 95%. Generally, over Mbarara, quadratic fit shows that VTEC saturates during all seasons for F_10.7 more than 200 units and R more than 150 units. The result of this study can be used to improve the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) prediction of TEC around the equatorial region of the African sector.     

Response of the EIA ionosphere to the 7-8 May 2005 geomagnetic storm

In this paper, response of low latitude ionosphere to a moderate geomagnetic storm of 7–8 May 2005 (SSC: 1920 UT on 7 May with Sym-H minimum, ∼−112 nT around 1600 UT on 8 May) has been investigated using the GPS measurements from a near EIA crest region, Rajkot (Geog. 22.29°N, 70.74°E, Geomag.14°), India. We found a decrease in total electron content (TEC) in 12 h after the onset of the storm, an increase during and after 6 h of Sym-H deep minimum with a decrease below its usual-day level on the second day during the recovery phase of the storm. On 8 May, an increase of TEC is observed after sunset and during post-midnight hours (maximum up to 170%) with the formation of ionospheric plasma bubbles followed by a nearly simultaneous onset of scintillations at L-band frequencies following the time of rapid decrease in Sym-H index (−30 nT/h around 1300 UT).     

Seasonal dependence of TEC and SLAB thickness

Several years of hourly daily GPS measurements of the vertical total electron content (TEC) and of the equivalent slab thickness made at different European locations are analysed by using the linear regression technique to demonstrate the response of these two ionospheric parameters to seasonal variations. It is found that both TEC and slab thickness are highly correlated with season. Analytical relationships are determined expressing the seasonal dependence of the vertical TEC and of the equivalent slab thickness as a function of the seasonal parameter cos χ at noon in each location.