Mechanical properties of ANTRIX balloon film and fabrication of single cap large volume balloons

The zero pressure plastic balloons used for high altitude studies are generally made from polyethylene material. Tensile properties of the thin film polymer are the key parameters for material selection due to extremely low temperature of −90 °C encountered by the balloons in the tropopause region during the ascent at equatorial latitudes. The physical and structural properties of the material determine the uniformity of the stress distribution over the entire shell. Load stresses from the suspended load propagate via load tapes heat sealed along with the gore seals as per the balloon design. A balance between this heat seal strength and the film strength is a desirable property of the basic resin in terms of the bubble strength, gauge uniformity, and long-term storage properties. In addition, the design of the top shell of the balloon and its stress distribution play an important role since only a fraction of the balloon is deployed during the filling operation and the ascent. In this paper we describe the mechanical properties of the ‘ANTRIX’ film developed by us and the optimized design of single cap balloons, which have been successfully used in our experiments over the past 5 years.     

The pGAPS experiment: An engineering balloon flight of prototype GAPS

The General Anti-Particle Spectrometer (GAPS) project is being carried out to search for primary cosmic-ray antiparticles especially for antideuterons produced by cold dark matter. GAPS plans to realize the science observation by Antarctic long duration balloon flights in the late 2010s. In preparation for the Antarctic science flights, an engineering balloon flight using a prototype of the GAPS instrument, “pGAPS”, was successfully carried out in June 2012 in Japan to verify the basic performance of each GAPS subsystem. The outline of the pGAPS flight campaign is briefly reported.     

低气压条件下多缝式等离子体合成射流激励器特性实验

设计了一种低气压条件下工作的大间距多缝式等离子体合成射流激励器,旨在应用于高空飞行器的内部流动控制。实验中利用气体放电电压在低气压条件下迅速降低的特性,将激励器放电电极间距设计为26mm,使激励器腔体和出气口均得到显著拉长,并通过电参数测量、高速纹影观察分别研究了其放电特性及瞬态流场特性。实验结果表明:激励器的初始射流锋面速度达到了761m/s,故在高速流动控制中具有较大的应用潜力。此外,激励器射流导致的压缩波和射流边界均接近半椭圆形,具有较大的流场均匀区,因此其流动干扰能力和动量交换能力较常规孔式射流要更强。      

基于T-S 模糊FTA 与仿真的舱盖机构故障诊断方法

针对高空舱舱盖机构系统故障源与故障程度难以判定以及故障特征值难以提取的问题,提出了基于T-S模糊故障树分析与仿真相结合的故障诊断方法。将T-S模型引入到舱盖机构不同步的典型故障分析中,用模糊可能性描述部件的故障概率;用T-S门来描述事件间的联系;用模糊数描述部件的故障程度,结合模型仿真模拟故障分析,获取部件发生故障时对顶事件的贡献或重要度,计算出顶事件发生故障的模糊可能性及其诊断决策。为高空舱舱盖机构的故障诊断和维修保养提供参考。     

液体姿控发动机76km高空模拟试验系统性能仿真

为研究液体姿控发动机76 km高空模拟试验系统的工作性能,建立了考虑燃气相变的试验系统集中参数动态仿真模型。模型由真空抽气系统、冷凝管束和液氮外流程3个子模型组成。根据燃气、霜、液氮之间的传热和传质过程将各子模型耦合在一起。以四氧化二氮/甲基肼双组元姿控发动机为实例,计算了稳态和脉冲点火试验时系统的工作参数,分析了关键设计参数对其工作性能的影响。结果表明:试验系统能够为最大流量6.4 g/s(推力约16.5 N)的发动机提供脉冲和6×10~4s长程稳态试验环境;在长程稳态试验中,冷凝管束霜层将依次饱和,失去对二氧化碳和水蒸汽的抽吸能力,导致真空舱压力逐渐升高;在脉冲点火试验中,真空舱压力将随发动机工作而脉冲波动,15 ms开关脉冲时的压力波动幅度约70%。研究结果为液体姿控发动机高空模拟试验系统的设计与改进提供了参考。     

高空系留气球建模与稳定性分析

平流层高空系留气球是典型的无控制欠阻尼自治系统,因此平台本身应当具有较好的稳定性,然而该系统的线性化模型含有零特征根,导致经典的Lyapunov第一方法难以从理论上获得其稳定性结论.从一般刚体的Newton-Euler方程出发,根据刚体对任一点的平动和转动方程,建立基于广义坐标的高空系留气球二阶非线性动力学模型,并针对Lyapunov方法证明稳定性的局限性,从能量的角度运用拉格朗日定理证明了高空系留气球的稳定性,数值仿真结果与理论结果一致.